Prática de Shadowing: Complete IELTS Band 6.5 - 7.5 - UNIT 8 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Complete IELTS, Bands 6.5 to 7.5, by Guy Brookhart and Vanessa Jakeman.
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Published by Cambridge University Press, 2013.
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This recording is copyright.
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Unit 8.
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Listening.
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Exercise 4.
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So, we're talking about astronomy today, the scientific study of outer space, And I'm going to start by saying a bit about telescopes
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and then move on to look at some key features of amateur astronomy.
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Now, one of the most powerful telescopes in the world today is the Hubble Space Telescope, named after Edwin Hubble.
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And it's become rather symbolic in many ways.
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And that's quite appropriate, really, because, you know, in the early days, it was instruments, and particularly telescopes,
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that kicked off what was known as the scientific revolution.
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We tend to think of science in terms of great minds conjuring up big ideas.
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We think of books.
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But in the field of science, instruments have always been more important.
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And of course, it was the Italian astronomer Galileo who started us stargazing.
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He didn't come up with the world's first telescope, but he was the first scientist to add a lens to his telescope
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that magnified things in the sky enough to be able to study them.
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Until this time, scientists had been looking at objects on the Earth, but suddenly, the skies held a much greater fascination for people.
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He said it best when he declared that his telescopes revealed the invisible.
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That was in the first part of the 17th century.
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Photography took longer to come about, so only artists were able to capture the celestial images seen in those days.
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We had to wait a further nearly 200 years until 1839 for John William Draper,
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a chemistry professor, to produce the first recorded moon photograph, which looks like this.
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Black and white, of course.
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Since that time, humans have built bigger, better, more powerful telescopes, and what can be seen through these in the present day is,
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well, truly amazing.
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Millions of pictures have appeared in magazines, books, on TV, and on the internet.
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Most professional astronomers don't care if the end result is beautiful.
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What they really want is research data.
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That's their main objective.
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But when the device capturing a distant star or galaxy is the Hubble Space Telescope, or a large telescope housed in a mountaintop observatory,
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the result usually appears spectacular as well.
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Now, amateur astronomers often have a different objective.
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Many want nothing more than to capture a scene that will dazzle viewers.
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They aim to photograph things never seen before, like this beautiful solar eclipse that was captured in Greece,
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or this incredible image of the moon with a plane crossing it.
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But needless to say, they've also made a great contribution to furthering astronomical research,
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and they do get their photographs and findings published in astronomy journals.
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So let's have a look at what amateurs can contribute.
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All astronomers are trying to find out or understand the origins of the solar system,
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How stars formed in the first place and how the universe itself evolved in such a way.
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Amateur astronomers have a great deal of specialized knowledge that is highly valued in this regard.
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For example, they're very familiar with the sky and they know right away
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when something new appears or when the brightness of an object alters, increases or decreases.
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They know how to tell the difference between, say, planets and comets or stars or even artificial satellites.
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Many ordinary people wouldn't have any of these skills.
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And another vital skill is that they know how to make accurate measurements.
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Knowing the distance of one object from another or from Earth,
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for example, is essential information if you want to make a valuable contribution to astrophysics.
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So that's what they know.
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When you look at what they can do to help the professionals, well, in general, there are two main types of observation that are important.
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Firstly, they are always watching space.
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They keep a constant eye on the skies for any new discovery, such as an exploding star that has reached the end of its life and lets off a tremendous amount of energy,
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or a comet, a very small object made of dust and ice orbiting the sun.
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Secondly, they constantly observe the evolution of stars, planets, and other celestial features.
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And the information they gather is essential to our understanding of these objects.
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It tells us, for example, how stars live and die, and how they interact with neighboring stars.
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In both types of observation, professionals can see advantages in the enormous patience and passion that amateurs have for their hobby.
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This doesn't just mean spending a whole night looking at the stars.
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We're talking about observations that involve spending years of evenings on the roof or in the back garden.
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It's not possible for professional astronomers to undertake these long-term studies or to spend huge amounts of time observing a single object.
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But amateurs can, and they do, and that's why they are so important to the field of astronomy.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “Complete IELTS Band 6.5 - 7.5 - UNIT 8”. As palavras que mais se repetem: telescope, star, astronomer, amateur, object. Este vídeo tem 66 frases e 838 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:58. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 120 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 81% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| telescope substantivo | /ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/ | telescópio |
| astronomer substantivo | /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/ | astrônomo, astrônoma |
| astronomy substantivo | /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/ | astronomia |
| observation substantivo | /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ | observação |
| celestial adjetivo | /səˈlɛs.t͡ʃ(ə)l/ | celeste |
| comet substantivo | /ˈkɒmɪt/ | cometa |
| observe verbo | /əbˈzɜːv/ | seguir, acompanhar |
| astronomical adjetivo | /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɑm.ɪ.kəl/ | astronômico, astronómico |
| astrophysics substantivo | /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ | astrofísica |
| conjure verbo | /ˈkɑn.d͡ʒɚ/ | evocar, invocar |
| dazzle verbo | /ˈdæzəl/ | ofuscar, encandear |
| fascination substantivo | /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/ | fascinação, fascínio |
| magnify verbo | /ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/ | magnificar, ampliar |
| specialize verbo | /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/ | especializar |
| brightness substantivo | /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/ | brilho, claridade |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| come up with verbo | pensar (em), alcançar |
| find out verbo | descobrir |
| see through verbo | enxergar através de |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have always been · have built · have appeared |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was known · can be seen · was captured |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 9 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, didn't, doesn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/, specialize /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, patience /ˈpeɪ̯.ʃəns/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: astronomer /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/, astronomy /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/, astronomical /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɑm.ɪ.kəl/, astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/, fascination /fæsɪˈneɪʃən/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: telescope /ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/, comet /ˈkɒmɪt/, mountaintop /ˈmaʊnt(ɪ)nˌtɑp/, undertake /ˌʌndəˈteɪk/, explode /ɪkˈsploʊd/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: celestial /səˈlɛs.t͡ʃ(ə)l/, astronomical /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɑm.ɪ.kəl/, dazzle /ˈdæzəl/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/
- s + consoante no início — sem um “i” antes: specialize /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/, stargaze /ˈstɑɹɡeɪz/, spectacular /spɛkˈtæk.jə.lɚ/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como telescope, astronomer, astronomy.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.