Prática de Shadowing: Complete IELTS Band 5-6.5 - UNIT 4 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Complete IELTS, Bands 5 to 6.5, by Guy Brookhart and Vanessa Jakeman,
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published by Cambridge University Press.
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This recording is copyright.
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Track 15, Unit 4, Listening, Exercise 3.
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Today I'm going to be talking about amateur journalism.
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In other words, journalism practised by ordinary people, not professional journalists.
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For people like you, who want to get some real writing experience, this can be a good way to get started.
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And later I'll be offering you some practical tips to help you.
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Amateur journalists are providing more and more news.
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I think the main cause of this change has been the internet.
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Nowadays, anyone close to an important event can write a report and email it to a newspaper.
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Or they can take a photo with a digital camera, or use their mobile phone to make a video film of what's happening.
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Also, amateur journalism isn't just for people who are in the right place at the right time.
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People can now write reports and articles about things which a big organisation might not be interested in,
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and post their ideas on their website or blog.
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This means that all sorts of people can express their views.
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Also, in the past, if you wanted to make your opinions known, one of the few ways of doing this was to send a letter to a newspaper.
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But normally, newspapers only print a few of the thousands of letters they receive each day.
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Now, people can write about the things which are really important to them and the people around them, and they put it in a blog.
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As a result, amateur journalists often write about something which is a local issue.
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And by local issue, I mean something happening in the school in their area or the traffic in their town,
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but not something necessarily of national or international interest.
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Amateur journalism is a growing phenomenon.
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There are now major online newspapers.
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Oh My News in South Korea, for example, has a large number of readers,
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and for this reason they can attract advertising and get income from this.
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And as a result, it's become a profitable business.
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Track 16 Unit 4 Listening, Exercise 5 But how can you get involved?
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How can you begin to write articles which will be published on sites like these?
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Well, first you must have something interesting to say, something you want to communicate with readers.
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Assuming you have this, it's important in an article to attract people's attention and gain their interest,
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so put the main facts first, answering these questions – who,
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why, when, how and where.
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Get those basic facts down to start with and get people interested.
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Then fill in the details in the rest of the article.
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The best model is really shaped like a pyramid.
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You put the most important facts at the top of the article and lots of smaller details down below.
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Remember, you want people to keep reading, so you need to hold your readers' interest.
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A really good technique for doing that is to put in quotations from people who are part of the story, what they really said.
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You know the sort of thing.
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Tanya, mother of two, said, it all happened so quickly that we didn't have time to react.
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bring the article alive.
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Once you've written your article, go over it again to make sure that any figures you quote are correct.
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Make sure that Tanya really has two children and not one or three.
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Then, after that, once you've got your ideas down,
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rewrite your article, making sure that your paragraphs don't contain more than three sentences.
47
People like them to be brief and to the point, and this will help to hold their attention.
48
And another thing to bear in mind, if they're reading online, people will soon stop reading your piece and start reading something else.
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So keep the whole article brief.
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Don't put in a conclusion.
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Just let your article end without it.
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Another good piece of advice is to remember that old cliché which we've all heard, that a picture is worth a thousand words.
53
It's true, so if you can, include a picture.
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It'll attract more attention and illustrate what you've been saying.
55
Finally, you need to write a headline.
56
Something eye-catching which will get people to just skim the article to start with, and then, if it's well written,
57
they'll read it more carefully afterwards.
58
Thank you.
59
Today, I'm going to be talking about amateur journalism.
60
In other words, journalism practised by ordinary people, not professional journalists.
61
For people like you who want to get some real writing experience, this can be a good way to get started,
62
and later I'll be offering you some practical tips to help you.
63
Amateur journalists are providing more and more news.
64
I think the main cause of this change has been the internet.
65
Nowadays, anyone close to an important event can write a report and email it to a newspaper.
66
Or they can take a photo with a digital camera, or use their mobile phone to make a video film of what's happening.
67
Also, amateur journalism isn't just for people who are in the right place at the right time.
68
People can now write reports and articles about things which a big organisation might not be interested in,
69
and post their ideas on their website or blog.
70
This means that all sorts of people can express their views.
71
Also, in the past, if you wanted to make your opinions known, one of the few ways of doing this was to send a letter to a newspaper.
72
But normally newspapers only print a few of the thousands of letters they receive each day.
73
Now people can write about the things which are really important to them and the people around them, and they put it in a blog.
74
As a result, amateur journalists often write about something which is a local issue.
75
And by local issue, I mean something happening in the school in their area, or the traffic in their town,
76
but not something necessarily of national or international interest.
77
Amateur journalism is a growing phenomenon.
78
There are now major online newspapers.
79
Oh My News in South Korea, for example, has a large number of readers,
80
and for this reason they can attract advertising and get income from this,
81
and as a result it's become a profitable business.
82
Track 16 Unit 4 Listening, Exercise 5 But how can you get involved?
83
How can you begin to write articles which will be published on sites like these?
84
Well, first you must have something interesting to say, something you want to communicate with readers.
85
Assuming you have this, it's important in an article to attract people's attention and gain their interest.
86
So put the main facts first, answering these questions.
87
Who, why, when, how and where.
88
Get those basic facts down to start with and get people interested.
89
Then fill in the details in the rest of the article.
90
The best model is really shaped like a pyramid.
91
You put the most important facts at the top of the article and lots of smaller details down below.
92
Remember, you want people to keep reading, so you need to hold your readers' interest.
93
A really good technique for doing that is to put in quotations from people who are part of the story.
94
What they really said.
95
You know the sort of thing.
96
Tanya, mother of two, said, It all happened so quickly that we didn't have time to react.
97
Quotations bring the article alive.
98
Once you've written your article, go over it again to make sure that any figures you quote are correct.
99
Make sure that Tanya really has two children and not one or three.
100
Then, after that, once you've got your ideas down,
101
rewrite your article, making sure that your paragraphs don't contain more than three sentences.
102
People like them to be brief and to the point, and this will help to hold their attention.
103
And another thing to bear in mind, if they're reading online, people will soon stop reading your piece and start reading something else,
104
so keep the whole article brief.
105
Don't put in a conclusion.
106
Just let your article end without it.
107
Another good piece of advice is to remember that old cliché which we've all heard, that a picture is worth a thousand words.
108
It's true, so if you can, include a picture.
109
It'll attract more attention and illustrate what you've been saying.
110
Finally, you need to write a headline.
111
Something eye-catching which will get people to just skim the article to start with, and Then, if it's well written,
112
they'll read it more carefully afterwards.
113
Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 113 frases e 1444 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 12:59. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 111 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 88% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras menos comuns do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
- amateur /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃɚ/ (substantivo) — amador, amadora. A person attached to a particular pursuit, study, science, or art (such as music or painting), especially one who cultivates any study, interest, taste, or…
- journalism /ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/ (substantivo) — jornalismo, periodismo. The aggregating, writing, editing, and presenting of news or news articles for widespread distribution, typically in electronic publications, broadcast news…
- journalist /ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/ (substantivo) — jornalista, periodista. The keeper of a personal journal, who writes in it regularly.
- reader /ˈɹi.dɚ/ (substantivo) — leitor, leitora. A person who reads.
- attract /əˈtɹækt/ (verbo) — atrair. To pull toward without touching.
- quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/ (substantivo) — cotação. A fragment of a human expression that is repeated by somebody else, for example from literature or a famous speech.
- necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ (advérbio) — necessariamente. Inevitably; of necessity.
- practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ (adjetivo) — prático. Relating to, or based on, practice or action rather than theory or hypothesis.
- technique /tɛkˈniːk/ (substantivo) — técnica. The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
- carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (advérbio) — cuidadosamente, cautelosamente. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
- afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ (advérbio) — depois, mais tarde. At a later or succeeding time; after that;
- ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ (adjetivo) — ordinário, normal. Having regular jurisdiction; now only used in certain phrases.
- conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ (substantivo) — conclusão. The end, finish, close or last part of something.
- communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ (verbo) — comunicar. To impart or transmit (information or knowledge) to someone; to make known, to tell.
- react /ɹiːˈækt/ (verbo) — reagir. To act in response.
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
- fill in (verbo) — substituir. To fill; to replace material that is absent or has been removed.
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 26 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you've, don't, didn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como amateur, journalism, journalist.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — uma ação que começou antes e continua | you've been saying |
| Frases condicionais if + oração, will/would + verbo — uma condição e seu resultado | if they're reading online, people will soon |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | people who are · things which are · something which is |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has been · you've written |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.