ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Complete IELTS Band 5-6.5 - UNIT 4

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Complete IELTS, Bands 5 to 6.5, by Guy Brookhart and Vanessa Jakeman,
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published by Cambridge University Press.
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This recording is copyright.
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Track 15, Unit 4, Listening, Exercise 3.
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Today I'm going to be talking about amateur journalism.
6
In other words, journalism practised by ordinary people, not professional journalists.
7
For people like you, who want to get some real writing experience, this can be a good way to get started.
8
And later I'll be offering you some practical tips to help you.
9
Amateur journalists are providing more and more news.
10
I think the main cause of this change has been the internet.
11
Nowadays, anyone close to an important event can write a report and email it to a newspaper.
12
Or they can take a photo with a digital camera, or use their mobile phone to make a video film of what's happening.
13
Also, amateur journalism isn't just for people who are in the right place at the right time.
14
People can now write reports and articles about things which a big organisation might not be interested in,
15
and post their ideas on their website or blog.
16
This means that all sorts of people can express their views.
17
Also, in the past, if you wanted to make your opinions known, one of the few ways of doing this was to send a letter to a newspaper.
18
But normally, newspapers only print a few of the thousands of letters they receive each day.
19
Now, people can write about the things which are really important to them and the people around them, and they put it in a blog.
20
As a result, amateur journalists often write about something which is a local issue.
21
And by local issue, I mean something happening in the school in their area or the traffic in their town,
22
but not something necessarily of national or international interest.
23
Amateur journalism is a growing phenomenon.
24
There are now major online newspapers.
25
Oh My News in South Korea, for example, has a large number of readers,
26
and for this reason they can attract advertising and get income from this.
27
And as a result, it's become a profitable business.
28
Track 16 Unit 4 Listening, Exercise 5 But how can you get involved?
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How can you begin to write articles which will be published on sites like these?
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Well, first you must have something interesting to say, something you want to communicate with readers.
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Assuming you have this, it's important in an article to attract people's attention and gain their interest,
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so put the main facts first, answering these questions – who,
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why, when, how and where.
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Get those basic facts down to start with and get people interested.
35
Then fill in the details in the rest of the article.
36
The best model is really shaped like a pyramid.
37
You put the most important facts at the top of the article and lots of smaller details down below.
38
Remember, you want people to keep reading, so you need to hold your readers' interest.
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A really good technique for doing that is to put in quotations from people who are part of the story, what they really said.
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You know the sort of thing.
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Tanya, mother of two, said, it all happened so quickly that we didn't have time to react.
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bring the article alive.
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Once you've written your article, go over it again to make sure that any figures you quote are correct.
44
Make sure that Tanya really has two children and not one or three.
45
Then, after that, once you've got your ideas down,
46
rewrite your article, making sure that your paragraphs don't contain more than three sentences.
47
People like them to be brief and to the point, and this will help to hold their attention.
48
And another thing to bear in mind, if they're reading online, people will soon stop reading your piece and start reading something else.
49
So keep the whole article brief.
50
Don't put in a conclusion.
51
Just let your article end without it.
52
Another good piece of advice is to remember that old cliché which we've all heard, that a picture is worth a thousand words.
53
It's true, so if you can, include a picture.
54
It'll attract more attention and illustrate what you've been saying.
55
Finally, you need to write a headline.
56
Something eye-catching which will get people to just skim the article to start with, and then, if it's well written,
57
they'll read it more carefully afterwards.
58
Thank you.
59
Today, I'm going to be talking about amateur journalism.
60
In other words, journalism practised by ordinary people, not professional journalists.
61
For people like you who want to get some real writing experience, this can be a good way to get started,
62
and later I'll be offering you some practical tips to help you.
63
Amateur journalists are providing more and more news.
64
I think the main cause of this change has been the internet.
65
Nowadays, anyone close to an important event can write a report and email it to a newspaper.
66
Or they can take a photo with a digital camera, or use their mobile phone to make a video film of what's happening.
67
Also, amateur journalism isn't just for people who are in the right place at the right time.
68
People can now write reports and articles about things which a big organisation might not be interested in,
69
and post their ideas on their website or blog.
70
This means that all sorts of people can express their views.
71
Also, in the past, if you wanted to make your opinions known, one of the few ways of doing this was to send a letter to a newspaper.
72
But normally newspapers only print a few of the thousands of letters they receive each day.
73
Now people can write about the things which are really important to them and the people around them, and they put it in a blog.
74
As a result, amateur journalists often write about something which is a local issue.
75
And by local issue, I mean something happening in the school in their area, or the traffic in their town,
76
but not something necessarily of national or international interest.
77
Amateur journalism is a growing phenomenon.
78
There are now major online newspapers.
79
Oh My News in South Korea, for example, has a large number of readers,
80
and for this reason they can attract advertising and get income from this,
81
and as a result it's become a profitable business.
82
Track 16 Unit 4 Listening, Exercise 5 But how can you get involved?
83
How can you begin to write articles which will be published on sites like these?
84
Well, first you must have something interesting to say, something you want to communicate with readers.
85
Assuming you have this, it's important in an article to attract people's attention and gain their interest.
86
So put the main facts first, answering these questions.
87
Who, why, when, how and where.
88
Get those basic facts down to start with and get people interested.
89
Then fill in the details in the rest of the article.
90
The best model is really shaped like a pyramid.
91
You put the most important facts at the top of the article and lots of smaller details down below.
92
Remember, you want people to keep reading, so you need to hold your readers' interest.
93
A really good technique for doing that is to put in quotations from people who are part of the story.
94
What they really said.
95
You know the sort of thing.
96
Tanya, mother of two, said, It all happened so quickly that we didn't have time to react.
97
Quotations bring the article alive.
98
Once you've written your article, go over it again to make sure that any figures you quote are correct.
99
Make sure that Tanya really has two children and not one or three.
100
Then, after that, once you've got your ideas down,
101
rewrite your article, making sure that your paragraphs don't contain more than three sentences.
102
People like them to be brief and to the point, and this will help to hold their attention.
103
And another thing to bear in mind, if they're reading online, people will soon stop reading your piece and start reading something else,
104
so keep the whole article brief.
105
Don't put in a conclusion.
106
Just let your article end without it.
107
Another good piece of advice is to remember that old cliché which we've all heard, that a picture is worth a thousand words.
108
It's true, so if you can, include a picture.
109
It'll attract more attention and illustrate what you've been saying.
110
Finally, you need to write a headline.
111
Something eye-catching which will get people to just skim the article to start with, and Then, if it's well written,
112
they'll read it more carefully afterwards.
113
Thank you.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

วิดีโอนี้มี 113 ประโยค และ 1444 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 12:59 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 111 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม 88% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่พบไม่บ่อย 14 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

  • amateur /ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃɚ/ (คำนาม) — มือสมัครเล่น. A person attached to a particular pursuit, study, science, or art (such as music or painting), especially one who cultivates any study, interest, taste, or…
  • journalism /ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/ (คำนาม) — วารสารศาสตร์. The aggregating, writing, editing, and presenting of news or news articles for widespread distribution, typically in electronic publications, broadcast news…
  • journalist /ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/ (คำนาม) — นักข่าว. The keeper of a personal journal, who writes in it regularly.
  • reader /ˈɹi.dɚ/ (คำนาม) — ผู้อ่าน. A person who reads.
  • attract /əˈtɹækt/ (คำกริยา) — ดึงดูด. To pull toward without touching.
  • necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ (คำกริยาวิเศษณ์) — ต้อง. Inevitably; of necessity.
  • technique /tɛkˈniːk/ (คำนาม) — เทคนิค, กลเม็ด. The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
  • ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ (คำคุณศัพท์) — สามัญ. Having regular jurisdiction; now only used in certain phrases.
  • phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/ (คำนาม) — ปรากฏการณ์. A thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses; or a fact or occurrence thereof.
  • headline /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ (คำนาม) — หัวเรื่อง, หัวข่าว. The heading or title of a magazine or newspaper article.
  • paragraph /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/ (คำนาม) — อนุเฉท, ย่อหน้า. A passage in text that starts on a new line, the first line sometimes being indented, and usually marks a change of topic.
  • pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/ (คำนาม) — พีระมิด. An ancient massive construction with a square or rectangular base and four triangular sides meeting in an apex, such as those built as tombs in Egypt or as…
  • practise /ˈpɹæktɪs/ (คำกริยา) — หัด, ฝึกหัด. To repeat (an activity) as a way of improving one's skill in that activity.
  • copyright /ˈkɑpiˌɹaɪt/ (คำนาม) — ลิขสิทธิ์. The right by law to be the entity which determines who may publish, copy and distribute a piece of writing, music, picture or other work of authorship.

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

  • put in (คำกริยา) — ใส่. To place inside.

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 26 ครั้ง เช่น you've, don't, didn't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: quotation /kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง amateur, journalism, journalist เป็นพิเศษ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่you've been saying
ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์if they're reading online, people will soon
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของpeople who are · things which are · something which is
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhas been · you've written

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →