Практика Shadowing: Will Vietnam get old before it gets rich? - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Asia's latest success story isn't here.
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Or even here.
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It's Vietnam.
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This Southeast Asian nation is experiencing a period of rapid economic growth.
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But as the country grows richer, it is also growing older.
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The government has set a target of reaching upper-middle income status by 2030 and high income status by 2045.
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This means that by 2045, Vietnam needs to have an income per capita that is 3.3 times higher than what it is now.
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In a race against the clock, can Vietnam get rich before it gets old?
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This sentiment among young people in Vietnam has experts and the government worried.
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Fewer couples are deciding to have children.
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Vietnam's fertility rate sank to a record low of 1.91 births per woman in 2024,
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a figure that puts it below the replacement rate of 2.1.
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In 2034, we will be an age country where we will reach 14% of the population aged 65 and over.
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But at that time, from now to there, only eight years.
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So we expect to be a high-income country or not.
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It depends on how we grow from now until then.
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Vietnam's aging population woes could mean big problems down the line, as the country has evolved into a global manufacturing powerhouse.
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It has a strategic geographical location and low labor costs, which have proved advantageous in trade wars.
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U.S imports from China have plummeted since the Trump administration's first trade war.
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The annualized figure of 550 billion U.S dollars in 2018 was down to 270 billion dollars by early 2026.
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In contrast, imports from Vietnam surged from 50 billion U.S dollars to $240 billion during the same period.
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But the falling number of working-age people could prove to be a chokehold on its booming manufacturing industry.
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Last year, Vietnam scrapped its long-standing two-child policy.
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Its new population law, which took effect on July 1st, is designed to nudge couples towards having larger families.
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The legislation offers things like seven months of maternity leave for a second child, lower costs for prenatal and newborn screenings,
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cash bonuses of up to 6 million dong, and priority housing for young parents who have two children before the age of 35.
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But will it be enough to reverse the population decline?
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It's a big issue that is to help people to live their children.
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That's a big issue to encourage everyone, children to live their children.
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But there are some points that the money is not enough, so the movement is not enough.
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It's enough to encourage everyone to live.
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Vietnam is looking to solve another problem that could potentially keep it from hitting its 2045 financial target.
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The country's informal workforce makes up around 63% of the total labor force.
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That means well over 33 million workers operate outside formal regulatory frameworks.
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And they don't have pensions set up for when they retire.
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Ministry of Home Affairs also tries the best to include people from the informal sector to the social protection system.
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As you know, informal workers usually don't participate in any social insurance system.
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And if they don't participate, meaning that they will get owed without any kind of social protection benefit.
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And it will become like a very huge burden for the future generation to pay tax in order to support them.
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The United Nations Population Fund found that 76% of Vietnam's elderly population do not have pensions.
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Vietnam revised its social insurance law in July 2025 to specifically bring informal,
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part-time and household workers under the national safety net.
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The revision reduced the minimum number of years required to contribute to social insurance from 20 to 15,
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making it more possible for aging informal workers to secure a future retirement pension.
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Last year we had Resolution 72 by the Central Party saying that we have universal healthcare for everyone.
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And we have a particular program for taking care of older persons.
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So we hope that older persons will be accessed more easily to all healthcare services at different places in Vietnam.
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And then they can improve their health status.
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So, can Vietnam break the trend and continue to get richer as it gets older?
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Dong says yes, so long as it plays its cards right.
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If we have a healthy older person, I don't think that is a really big concept.
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Because healthy older person, they continue contributing to the country.
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Because they are healthy, so we will not have health care costs as much as we expect
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if the older person is sick.
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That is why it depends on how older person at the time of Vietnam reached the age population threshold.
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We will see whether Vietnam faces a lot of problems or maybe opportunities for each population.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 56 предложений и 770 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 5:59. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 129 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 84% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| informal прилагательное | /ɪnˈfɔɹ.m(ə)l/ | неформа́льный, неофициа́льный |
| worker существительное | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | рабо́тник, рабо́тница |
| pension существительное | /ˈpɛnʃən/ | пе́нсия, посо́бие |
| encourage глагол | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | ободря́ть, обо́дрить |
| participate глагол | /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ | уча́ствовать, принима́ть уча́стие |
| contribute глагол | /kənˈtɹɪb.jut/ | де́лать поже́ртвования, де́лать взно́сы |
| depend глагол | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | зави́сеть |
| import существительное | /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ | и́мпорт |
| dong существительное | /dɔŋ/ | донг |
| universal прилагательное | /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ | вселе́нский, косми́ческий |
| contrast существительное | /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ | контра́ст |
| bonus существительное | /ˈbəʊ.nəs/ | пре́мия, бо́нус |
| formal прилагательное | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | форма́льный |
| replacement существительное | /ɹɪˈpleɪsmənt/ | заме́на, замеще́ние |
| strategic прилагательное | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | стратеги́ческий |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| make up глагол | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | составля́ть, соста́вить |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has set · has evolved · have proved |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | is designed · will be accessed |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 5 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, isn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: pension /ˈpɛnʃən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/, revision /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, regulatory /ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə.t(ɔː.)ɹi/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как informal, worker, pension.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.