ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: "I went" vs "have gone" - Know the difference!
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176 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
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Do you honestly know the difference between these sentences?
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She went to London.
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She has gone to London.
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If you're not sure, do not worry.
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Lots of people are confused by this, but I am going to clear up your doubts.
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No more confusion on went and have gone.
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And we will look at have been as well as a bonus.
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To make sure you remember everything that you learned today, download the PDF that goes with this lesson.
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It's free, it contains everything we talk about today, and it has a quiz to test your knowledge and a link to some interactive activities.
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If you'd like to download that for free, just click the link in the description box or scan that QR code there.
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I'll send you the PDF to your email.
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Okay, let's begin.
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Went and gone are both past forms of go.
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Went is the past simple and gone is the past participle.
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I pronounce gone with the short oh vowel sound to rhyme with on.
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Gone.
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In North American accents, it often has a longer vowel sound like oh, gone.
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I need to invite her my American friend to do a little demonstration for you.
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Joel?
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Gone.
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Thank you.
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Gone is usually used with a form of the auxiliary to have.
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In the present perfect simple, it's have or has.
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I have gone, she has gone.
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But in speech, have is usually contracted to of, apostrophe ve.
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I've gone.
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And in he has gone, has is contracted to zz.
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Apostrophe s, he's gone.
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Now, you will hear some speakers say have went or has went.
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This is not standard English, but it is used in certain dialects.
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Don't use this in an exam.
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We're going to focus on the standard forms went and have gone in this lesson.
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Let's examine the sentences from the introduction.
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We're focusing on the meaning of to go, as in to travel or to move to another place.
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So, she went to London.
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We know went is the past simple.
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This describes a completed action at a time before now.
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Often, we use a finished time expression such as last week or two years ago she went to london last week
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using went simply tells you that the action of traveling or moving to another place is finished
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the tense alone does not tell you if she's still in london or not now compare that with our second sentence.
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She's gone to London.
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We see the present perfect simple has gone.
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We use this tense in a few ways, but one is to talk about things that happened in the past but irrelevant in the present.
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This would answer a question like, where's Claire?
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She's gone to London.
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She is either in London, or she is travelling there, or on her way back.
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This has relevance in the present, as someone is asking where she is now.
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There's no finished time expression.
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Remember, if we want to use a finished time expression, we use went.
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Let's say someone asks, is Rob here?
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We might reply, he went to the shop about an hour ago.
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Or we can say, He's gone to the shop.
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He'll probably be back soon.
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Based on the rules we just talked about, how would you complete these sentences?
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We to Derbyshire last year.
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We had a great time.
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And my parents to Derbyshire.
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They are having a great time.
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So, the first one would be went.
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It's a finished action.
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We had a great time.
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The second would be have gone because they are still there.
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They are having a great time.
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Have gone is a common structure in British English.
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When asked the question, where's Ollie?
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Many British English speakers will reply, he's gone to the gym.
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But Other British English speakers and many North Americans will choose the past simple instead.
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He went to the gym.
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Sometimes, went and have gone communicate the message equally well, and there's no real difference in meaning.
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The same is true about this next question with gone.
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In British English, we'd usually ask, where's Emma gone?
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She was here a moment ago.
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meaning, I saw her very recently.
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Where is she now?
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But other speakers, especially in North America, might say, where did Emma go?
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She was here a moment ago.
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Now, people will understand you no matter which tense you use here.
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We often use the adverbs just, yet, and already with have gone.
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For example, Tom's just gone to grab something to eat.
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He'll be back in a sec.
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Sec is short a second.
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Or, have they gone home already?
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Or, Tom just went to grab something to eat.
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You'll hear this in British and North American English.
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Or, did they go home already?
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That's more common in North American English.
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You'll also see went and have gone followed by an ing verb, meaning someone goes to do something.
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For example, Kelly went fishing yesterday,
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or Kelly's gone fishing, and followed by an adjective, meaning to become.
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My hands went numb when I was out in the cold, or my hands have gone numb.
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They're numb now.
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The most important thing to remember is not to use a Finnish time expression with have gone.
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So this is incorrect.
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He's gone out an hour ago.
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I've gone swimming last week.
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Absolutely not.
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You should say, he went out an hour ago.
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I went swimming last week.
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For additional examples with other meanings of go, download the PDF.
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The link is in the description box or you can scan that QR code there.
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It's a really useful one.
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Okay, so that's went and have gone.
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Before we move on, I want to touch on had gone.
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This is the past perfect used when one past action happened before another.
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For example, he'd already gone home by the time I arrived.
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Both events are in the past, but had gone makes it clear which one came first.
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Again, download the PDF for more information.
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Let's move on to our bonus structure now.
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What is the difference between these sentences?
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They've gone to Spain.
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They've been to Spain.
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Well, we know that have gone means they haven't returned yet.
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They are in Spain or perhaps travelling there or travelling back.
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Have been means that they travelled to Spain and came back.
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Been is the past participle of be, but it's also often treated as a past participle of go.
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In fast speech, we tend to pronounce been with the short i sound, been.
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They've been to Spain.
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See if you can complete these examples.
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Use gone or been.
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Where have you?
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I missed you.
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Where has Jack?
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I miss him.
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Okay, the first one is been.
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They went and came back and the speaker is talking to them now.
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So, the second one should be gone.
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Jack is not here and the speaker misses him.
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The question, have you ever been or have you ever been, is commonly used to ask about life experiences up to now.
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We don't tend to use ever in questions with gone.
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Compare these two.
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Have you ever been on a roller coaster at any point in your life?
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Has he gone on the roller coaster?
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I thought he was too scared.
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Meaning, is he on the roller coaster now?
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Now, can you remember how to ask questions with go in the past?
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You heard one slightly earlier in the video.
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Did you go?
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Not, did you went.
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An example, did you go on the roller coaster yesterday?
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We can also use gone as an adjective, usually after the verb to be.
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It means having left a place.
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Lily's been gone for about an hour.
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She left about an hour ago.
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Or, Or, I didn't see Liam or Faith at the party.
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They were gone before I got there.
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They left before I arrived.
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Lastly, I want to mention the idiomatic phrase, been and gone.
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This means that someone was in a place for a short time and then left.
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Notice how I use the weak form of and. Been and gone.
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Been and gone.
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You will also hear people say, been and gone.
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Been and gone.
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Now, let's say someone asks, has Dylan been to see you?
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You might reply, yes, but he's been and gone.
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He was in a rush.
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He was here for a moment and then he left.
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Okay, let's finish with a quick three-question quiz.
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Complete the sentences with went, has gone, or has been.
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Use each once.
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One.
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She to Glasgow.
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She'll be back tomorrow.
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Two, she to Glasgow yesterday.
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And three, she to Glasgow, but I'm not sure when.
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Okay, number one, should be, has gone, because she traveled there and is still there.
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Some speakers would use went here.
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Two should always be went the past simple with a finished time expression.
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And three is has been, because she travelled there at some point and then returned.
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How did you do?
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What was your score out of three?
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Let me know in the comments.
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And with that, we've reached the end of the lesson.
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There's lots more to study, and another quiz, and some interactive activities.
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You can access that for free by downloading the PDF, the link is in the description box, or you can scan the QR code there.
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I will see you in the next lesson.
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Bye!
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เกี่ยวกับบทเรียนนี้
ในบทเรียนนี้ คุณจะได้เรียนรู้ความแตกต่างระหว่าง "went" และ "have gone" ซึ่งเป็นรูปแบบที่ใช้ในการพูดภาษาอังกฤษเกี่ยวกับการเดินทางหรือการเคลื่อนที่ไปยังสถานที่อื่น การใช้ "went" หมายถึงการกระทำที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีตและเสร็จสิ้นแล้ว ขณะที่ "have gone" จะเกี่ยวข้องกับสถานการณ์ในปัจจุบันที่มีความสำคัญ ทั้งนี้เพื่อให้คุณสามารถสื่อสารได้อย่างถูกต้องและได้เป็นธรรมชาติในการพูดภาษาอังกฤษ
คำศัพท์และวลีสำคัญ
- went - รูปอดีตของคำว่า go
- have gone - รูปอดีตที่สมบูรณ์ของ go
- past simple - กาลที่ผ่านมาแบบง่าย
- past participle - รูปซึ่งใช้ร่วมกับ have
- finished time expression - รูปแบบแสดงเวลาที่เสร็จสิ้น
- relevant in the present - เกี่ยวข้องในปัจจุบัน
- contracted forms - รูปแบบที่ย่อ
- shadow speak - การฝึกพูดตามเสียง
เคล็ดลับการฝึกพูด
เพื่อให้การฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษของคุณมีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น แนะนำให้คุณลองทำ shadow speech หรือการพูดตามเสียง เพื่อปรับปรุงการออกเสียงภาษาอังกฤษของคุณ ฟังบทสนทนาซ้ำ ๆ ในวิดีโอนี้ โดยเน้นการทำตามจังหวะและน้ำเสียงของผู้พูด ฝึกพูดตามเสียงในระดับความเร็วและโทนเสียงที่เหมาะสมเพื่อให้คุณสามารถจับความหมายและการออกเสียงได้ถูกต้อง ในขั้นต้นคุณอาจจะต้องฟังและพูดซ้ำหลายครั้งจนกว่าจะรู้สึกมั่นใจเกี่ยวกับการออกเสียงและคำศัพท์ที่ใช้
นอกจากนี้ ให้ลองมองหาช่วงที่ผู้พูดใช้วลีสำคัญ และพยายามพูดซ้ำหลังจากเขาหรือเธอ นี่จะช่วยให้คุณสร้างความคุ้นเคยกับโครงสร้างประโยคและการใช้คำต่าง ๆ อย่างถูกต้อง ซึ่งเป็นก้าวสำคัญในการฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษ หรือหากคุณมีเวลา ให้โหลดเอกสาร PDF ที่มีการทบทวนเนื้อหาในบทเรียนและแบบทดสอบในการฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษของคุณได้อีกด้วย
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | has gone · have gone · have been |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | is usually used · have is usually contracted · has is contracted |
| คำแนะนำด้วย “should” should + กริยา — บอกสิ่งที่ควรทำ | should say · should be · should always be |
| ความเป็นไปได้ด้วย “might / may” might/may + กริยา — สิ่งที่เป็นไปได้แต่ไม่แน่นอน | might reply · might say |
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ