ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Speaking English Fluently and Correctly | Using correct Preposition | Part 1
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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mistakes are often made by using the wrong preposition after certain words the following list includes the words
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which most often give trouble
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number one absorbed very much interested in not at Don't say the man was absorbed at his work.
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Say the man was absorbed in his work.
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Number two, accuse of, not for.
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Don't say she accused the man for stealing.
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Say she accused the man of stealing.
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Note, charge takes with the man was charged with murder.
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3. Accustomed to, not with Don't say, I'm accustomed with hot weather Say,
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I'm accustomed to hot weather Note,
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also used to, he is used to the heat 4.
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Afraid of, not from Don't say, Laura is afraid from the dog Say,
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Laura is afraid of the dog Number 5.
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Aim at, not on or against.
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Don't say, she aimed on or against the target.
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Say, she aimed at the target.
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Note.
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Use the preposition at to denote direction.
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Throw at, shout at, fire at, shoot at, shoot means to kill.
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He shot a bird.
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He hit and killed it.
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6. Angry with, not against.
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Don't say the teacher was angry against him.
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Say the teacher was angry with him.
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Note 1.
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We get angry with a person, but at a thing.
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He was angry at the weather, not with the weather.
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Note 2.
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Also annoyed with, vexed with, indignant with a person, but at a thing.
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number seven anxious equals troubled about not
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or don't say they're anxious for his health say they're anxious
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about his health note anxious meaning wishing very much takes for parents are anxious for their children's success.
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Number eight, arrive at, not to.
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Don't say we arrived to the village at night.
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Say we arrived at the village at night.
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Note, use arrive in with countries and large cities.
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Mr. Smith has arrived in London or New York, India, etc. 9.
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Ashamed of, not from.
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Don't say, he's now ashamed from his conduct.
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Say, he's now ashamed of his conduct.
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Note, it is incorrect to use ashamed of meaning shy.
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Ashamed means feeling shame or guilt about something.
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Shy means feeling nervous with someone.
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instead of saying I'm ashamed or shamed of my teacher say I'm shy of my teacher
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number 10 believe in not to don't say we believe to
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God say we believe in God note to believe in means
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to have faith in to believe without the end means to
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regard something is true I believe everything he says number 11 boast of
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or about not for don't say James boasted for his strength say James boasted of
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or about his strength number 12 careful of with
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or about not for don't say Elk is very careful for
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her health say Elk is very careful of about her health or you should be more careful with your money.
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Take care of, he takes care of his money.
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Number 13, travel by train etc not with the train etc don't say
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he traveled with the train yesterday say he traveled by train
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yesterday no we say by train by boat by plane by
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bike also by land by sea by air by bus in a bus
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or on a bus by car or in a car by taxi
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or in a taxi on horseback on a donkey on a
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bicycle on foot number 14 complain about not for don't say annette complained for the weather say annette complained about the weather
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no when talking about illness we use complain of we say she complained of a sore throat
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number 15 composed of not from don't say our class is
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composed from 30 students say our class is composed of 30
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students number 16 confidence in not to don't say I have
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great confidence to you say I have great confidence in you note in confidence tell you something in confidence a
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secret number 17 conform to not with don't say we must
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conform with the rules say we must conform to the rules
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no comply takes with will comply with your request number 18
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congratulate on not for don't say I congratulate you for your
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success say I congratulate you on your success number 19 consist
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of not from don't say a year consists from 12 months
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say a year consists of 12 months note take great care
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and every use consist in the passive form number 20 covered
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with not by don't say the mountains are covered by snow say the mountains are covered with
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or in snow number 21 cure of not from don't say
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the man was cured from his illness say the man was
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cured of his illness no the noun cure takes four there are no cure for that disease
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number 22 depend on or upon not from don't say it depends from her say it depends on or upon her Note,
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rely on or upon.
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I can't rely on or upon him.
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Number 23, deprive of, not from.
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Don't say Nelson Mandela was deprived from his freedom.
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Say Nelson Mandela was deprived of his freedom.
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Number 24, die of an illness, not from an illness.
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Don't say many people have died from malaria.
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Say many people have died of malaria.
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No, people die of illness, of hunger, of thirst, of or from wounds, from overwork, by violence, by the sword,
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by pestilence, in battle, for their country, for a cause, through neglect, on the scaffold, at the stake.
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Number 25.
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Different from, not then.
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Don't say, my book is different from yours.
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Say, my book is different from yours.
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Number 26.
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Disappointed by, about, or at, not from. By, at, about.
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Don't say, Philippa was disappointed from the low mark she got in the test.
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Say, Philippa was disappointed by, about, or at the low mark she got in the test.
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And B, with or in.
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Don't say, Jane was disappointed from her son.
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Say, Jane was disappointed with or in her son.
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Note, before a person we use with or in.
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Before a thing we use at, about, or by.
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And before a garund we use at.
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Keith is very disappointed at not winning the prize.
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We use that optional before a new clause, was disappointed that I didn't get an invitation.
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Number 27.
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Divide into parts, not in parts.
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Don't say, I divided the cake in four parts.
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Say, I divided the cake into four parts.
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Note, a thing may be divided in half or in two.
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Paul divided the apple in half or in two.
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Number 28.
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No doubt or about, not from.
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Don't say, I've no doubt for his ability.
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Say, I've no doubt of or about his ability.
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Note, doubtful of.
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I am doubtful of his ability to pass.
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Number 29.
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Dressed in, not with.
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Don't say the woman was dressed with black.
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Say the woman was dressed in black.
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Note, the woman was in black is also correct.
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Number 30.
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Exception to, not of.
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Don't say, this is an exception of the rule.
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Say, this is an exception to the rule.
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Note, we say with the exception of, she liked all her subjects with the exception of physics.
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Number 31.
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Exchange for, not by.
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Don't say, he exchanged his collection of matchboxes by some foreign stamps.
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Say, he exchanged his collection of matchboxes for some foreign stamps.
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Note, in exchange for, he gave them his old car in exchange for a new one.
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Number 32.
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Fail in, not from.
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Don't say, Stephen failed from maths last year.
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Say, Stephen failed in math last year.
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Number 33.
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Full of, not with, or from.
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Don't say, the jar was full with or from oil.
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Say, the jar was full of oil.
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Note, fill takes with.
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Jane filled the glass with water.
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34. Get rid of, not from.
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Don't say, I'll be glad to get rid from him.
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Say, I'll be glad to get rid of him.
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35. Glad about, not from or with Don't say,
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Francis was glad from or with receiving your letter Say,
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Francis was glad about receiving your letter 36.
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Good at, not in Don't say, my sister's good in maths Say,
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my sister's good at maths Note 1.
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Bad at, clever at, quick at, slow at, etc. However, weak in.
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He's weak in grammar.
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Note 2.
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He's good in class mean that his conduct is good.
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Number 37.
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Guard against, not from.
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Don't say you must guard from bad habits.
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Say you must guard against bad habits.
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Number 38.
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Guilty of, not for.
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Don't say he was found guilty for murder.
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Say he was found guilty of murder.
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Number 39.
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Independent of, not from.
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Don't say, Claire's independent from her parents.
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Say, Claire's independent of her parents.
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Note, we say dependent on.
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A child is dependent on its parents.
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40. Indifferent to, not for Don't say they're indifferent for politics.
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Say they're indifferent to politics.
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Number 41.
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Insist on, not to Don't say he always insisted to his opinion.
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Say he always insisted on his opinion.
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Note, persist, take in, he persisted in his silly ideas.
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Number 42, interested in, not for.
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Don't say, she's not interested for her work.
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Say, she's not interested in her work.
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Note, also take interest in.
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She takes a great interest in music.
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Number 43, jealous of, not from.
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Don't say, he's very jealous from his brother.
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Say, he's very jealous of his brother.
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Number 44, leave for a place,
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not to a place don't say they're leaving to england soon say they're leaving for england soon
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number 45 live on not from don't say he lives from
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his brother's money say he lives on his brother's money note feed on some birds feed on insects
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number 46 look at not to don't say look to this
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beautiful picture say look at this beautiful picture note also gaze at stare at etc
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but look after take care of look for try to find look over examine look into examine closely Look on or upon.
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Consider.
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Look down on.
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Have a low opinion of.
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Look up to.
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Respect.
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Look out for.
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Expect.
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Look forward to.
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Expect with pleasure.
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Look to rely on.
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number 47 married to not with don't say Angela was married with a rich man
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say Angela was married to a rich man
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note also engaged to Sally was engaged to Pete for a year before they got married Number 48.
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Opposite to, not from.
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Don't say their house is opposite from ours.
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Say their house is opposite to ours.
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Note, opposite ours, also correct.
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Number 49.
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Pass by a place, not from a place.
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Don't say will you pass from the post office.
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Say, will you pass by the post office?
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Note, also pass the post office is correct.
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Number 50, play for a team, not with a team.
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Don't say he plays regularly with that team.
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Say he plays regularly for that team.
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Number 51, pleased with, not from.
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Don't say, the teacher is pleased from me.
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Say, the teacher is pleased with me.
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Note, we say pleased at or pleased with if in an abstract noun or clause follows.
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They were pleased at or with what he said.
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They were pleased at, for, with, her results.
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52. Popular with, not among.
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Don't say, John's popular among his friends.
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Say, John's popular with his friends.
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Number 53, prefer to, not from.
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Don't say, I prefer a blue pen from a red one.
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Say, I prefer a blue pen to a red one.
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Note, also preferable to.
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This car is preferable to my old one.
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Number 54, preside at or over, not in.
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Don't say, who presided in the last meeting?
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Say, who presided at or over the last meeting?
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Number 55, proud of, not for.
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Don't say, he's very proud for his promotion.
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Say, he's very proud of his promotion.
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note we take a pride in a craftsman takes a pride in his work
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B1 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Speaking English Fluently and Correctly” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 234 ประโยค และ 1936 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 18:35 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 104 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง 85% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| anxious คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈæŋkʃəs/ | ไม่สบายใจ, ใจไม่ดี |
| complain คำกริยา | /kəmˈpleɪn/ | บ่น |
| cure คำกริยา | /kjɔː/ | รักษา, เยียวยา |
| mathematics คำนาม | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | คณิตศาสตร์ |
| deprive คำกริยา | /dɪˈpɹaɪv/ | พราก |
| boast คำกริยา | /boʊst/ | โม้, คุยโว |
| congratulate คำกริยา | /kənˈɡɹæd͡ʒ.ʊˌleɪt/ | ฉลอง |
| accustomed คำคุณศัพท์ | /əˈkʌs.təmd/ | ชิน, คุ้นเคย |
| absorb คำกริยา | /æbˈsɔɹb/ | ดูดซับ |
| depend คำกริยา | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | พึ่ง |
| matchbox คำนาม | กล่องไม้ขีด | |
| preposition คำนาม | /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ | บุพบท, บุรพบท |
| persist คำกริยา | /pɚˈsɪst/ | ยืนหยัด |
| noun คำนาม | /naʊn/ | นาม, คำนาม |
| malaria คำนาม | /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/ | ไข้มาลาเรีย, ไข้จับสั่น |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Don't say we arrived to the village at night.
- I can't rely on or upon him.
- Don't say, my book is different from yours.
- Don't say, I divided the cake in four parts.
- Say, will you pass by the post office?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | are often made · was absorbed · was charged |
| อนาคตด้วย “will” will + กริยา — การตัดสินใจ คำสัญญา หรือการคาดการณ์ | will comply · I'll be · will you |
| ความจำเป็น: must / have to / need to บอกว่าสิ่งใดจำเป็นต้องทำ | must conform · must guard |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 72 ครั้ง เช่น don't, they're, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, thirst /θɝst/, throat /ˈθɹoʊt/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/, shout /ʃaʊt/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, congratulate /kənˈɡɹæd͡ʒ.ʊˌleɪt/, preferable /ˈpɹɛf.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, compose /kəmˈpəʊz/, deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/, accuse /əˈkjuz/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/, overwork /ˈəʊvəˌwɜːk/, passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: compose /kəmˈpəʊz/, preside /pɹɪˈzaɪd/, accuse /əˈkjuz/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, clause /klɔːz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง anxious, complain, cure เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ