تدريب Shadowing: Speaking English Fluently and Correctly | Using correct Preposition | Part 1 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
1
mistakes are often made by using the wrong preposition after certain words the following list includes the words
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which most often give trouble
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number one absorbed very much interested in not at Don't say the man was absorbed at his work.
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Say the man was absorbed in his work.
5
Number two, accuse of, not for.
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Don't say she accused the man for stealing.
7
Say she accused the man of stealing.
8
Note, charge takes with the man was charged with murder.
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3. Accustomed to, not with Don't say, I'm accustomed with hot weather Say,
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I'm accustomed to hot weather Note,
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also used to, he is used to the heat 4.
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Afraid of, not from Don't say, Laura is afraid from the dog Say,
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Laura is afraid of the dog Number 5.
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Aim at, not on or against.
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Don't say, she aimed on or against the target.
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Say, she aimed at the target.
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Note.
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Use the preposition at to denote direction.
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Throw at, shout at, fire at, shoot at, shoot means to kill.
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He shot a bird.
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He hit and killed it.
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6. Angry with, not against.
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Don't say the teacher was angry against him.
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Say the teacher was angry with him.
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Note 1.
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We get angry with a person, but at a thing.
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He was angry at the weather, not with the weather.
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Note 2.
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Also annoyed with, vexed with, indignant with a person, but at a thing.
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number seven anxious equals troubled about not
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or don't say they're anxious for his health say they're anxious
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about his health note anxious meaning wishing very much takes for parents are anxious for their children's success.
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Number eight, arrive at, not to.
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Don't say we arrived to the village at night.
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Say we arrived at the village at night.
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Note, use arrive in with countries and large cities.
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Mr. Smith has arrived in London or New York, India, etc. 9.
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Ashamed of, not from.
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Don't say, he's now ashamed from his conduct.
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Say, he's now ashamed of his conduct.
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Note, it is incorrect to use ashamed of meaning shy.
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Ashamed means feeling shame or guilt about something.
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Shy means feeling nervous with someone.
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instead of saying I'm ashamed or shamed of my teacher say I'm shy of my teacher
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number 10 believe in not to don't say we believe to
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God say we believe in God note to believe in means
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to have faith in to believe without the end means to
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regard something is true I believe everything he says number 11 boast of
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or about not for don't say James boasted for his strength say James boasted of
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or about his strength number 12 careful of with
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or about not for don't say Elk is very careful for
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her health say Elk is very careful of about her health or you should be more careful with your money.
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Take care of, he takes care of his money.
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Number 13, travel by train etc not with the train etc don't say
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he traveled with the train yesterday say he traveled by train
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yesterday no we say by train by boat by plane by
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bike also by land by sea by air by bus in a bus
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or on a bus by car or in a car by taxi
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or in a taxi on horseback on a donkey on a
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bicycle on foot number 14 complain about not for don't say annette complained for the weather say annette complained about the weather
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no when talking about illness we use complain of we say she complained of a sore throat
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number 15 composed of not from don't say our class is
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composed from 30 students say our class is composed of 30
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students number 16 confidence in not to don't say I have
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great confidence to you say I have great confidence in you note in confidence tell you something in confidence a
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secret number 17 conform to not with don't say we must
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conform with the rules say we must conform to the rules
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no comply takes with will comply with your request number 18
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congratulate on not for don't say I congratulate you for your
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success say I congratulate you on your success number 19 consist
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of not from don't say a year consists from 12 months
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say a year consists of 12 months note take great care
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and every use consist in the passive form number 20 covered
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with not by don't say the mountains are covered by snow say the mountains are covered with
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or in snow number 21 cure of not from don't say
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the man was cured from his illness say the man was
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cured of his illness no the noun cure takes four there are no cure for that disease
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number 22 depend on or upon not from don't say it depends from her say it depends on or upon her Note,
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rely on or upon.
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I can't rely on or upon him.
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Number 23, deprive of, not from.
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Don't say Nelson Mandela was deprived from his freedom.
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Say Nelson Mandela was deprived of his freedom.
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Number 24, die of an illness, not from an illness.
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Don't say many people have died from malaria.
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Say many people have died of malaria.
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No, people die of illness, of hunger, of thirst, of or from wounds, from overwork, by violence, by the sword,
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by pestilence, in battle, for their country, for a cause, through neglect, on the scaffold, at the stake.
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Number 25.
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Different from, not then.
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Don't say, my book is different from yours.
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Say, my book is different from yours.
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Number 26.
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Disappointed by, about, or at, not from. By, at, about.
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Don't say, Philippa was disappointed from the low mark she got in the test.
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Say, Philippa was disappointed by, about, or at the low mark she got in the test.
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And B, with or in.
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Don't say, Jane was disappointed from her son.
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Say, Jane was disappointed with or in her son.
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Note, before a person we use with or in.
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Before a thing we use at, about, or by.
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And before a garund we use at.
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Keith is very disappointed at not winning the prize.
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We use that optional before a new clause, was disappointed that I didn't get an invitation.
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Number 27.
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Divide into parts, not in parts.
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Don't say, I divided the cake in four parts.
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Say, I divided the cake into four parts.
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Note, a thing may be divided in half or in two.
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Paul divided the apple in half or in two.
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Number 28.
112
No doubt or about, not from.
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Don't say, I've no doubt for his ability.
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Say, I've no doubt of or about his ability.
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Note, doubtful of.
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I am doubtful of his ability to pass.
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Number 29.
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Dressed in, not with.
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Don't say the woman was dressed with black.
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Say the woman was dressed in black.
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Note, the woman was in black is also correct.
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Number 30.
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Exception to, not of.
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Don't say, this is an exception of the rule.
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Say, this is an exception to the rule.
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Note, we say with the exception of, she liked all her subjects with the exception of physics.
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Number 31.
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Exchange for, not by.
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Don't say, he exchanged his collection of matchboxes by some foreign stamps.
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Say, he exchanged his collection of matchboxes for some foreign stamps.
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Note, in exchange for, he gave them his old car in exchange for a new one.
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Number 32.
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Fail in, not from.
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Don't say, Stephen failed from maths last year.
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Say, Stephen failed in math last year.
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Number 33.
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Full of, not with, or from.
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Don't say, the jar was full with or from oil.
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Say, the jar was full of oil.
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Note, fill takes with.
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Jane filled the glass with water.
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34. Get rid of, not from.
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Don't say, I'll be glad to get rid from him.
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Say, I'll be glad to get rid of him.
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35. Glad about, not from or with Don't say,
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Francis was glad from or with receiving your letter Say,
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Francis was glad about receiving your letter 36.
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Good at, not in Don't say, my sister's good in maths Say,
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my sister's good at maths Note 1.
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Bad at, clever at, quick at, slow at, etc. However, weak in.
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He's weak in grammar.
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Note 2.
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He's good in class mean that his conduct is good.
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Number 37.
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Guard against, not from.
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Don't say you must guard from bad habits.
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Say you must guard against bad habits.
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Number 38.
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Guilty of, not for.
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Don't say he was found guilty for murder.
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Say he was found guilty of murder.
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Number 39.
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Independent of, not from.
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Don't say, Claire's independent from her parents.
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Say, Claire's independent of her parents.
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Note, we say dependent on.
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A child is dependent on its parents.
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40. Indifferent to, not for Don't say they're indifferent for politics.
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Say they're indifferent to politics.
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Number 41.
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Insist on, not to Don't say he always insisted to his opinion.
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Say he always insisted on his opinion.
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Note, persist, take in, he persisted in his silly ideas.
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Number 42, interested in, not for.
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Don't say, she's not interested for her work.
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Say, she's not interested in her work.
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Note, also take interest in.
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She takes a great interest in music.
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Number 43, jealous of, not from.
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Don't say, he's very jealous from his brother.
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Say, he's very jealous of his brother.
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Number 44, leave for a place,
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not to a place don't say they're leaving to england soon say they're leaving for england soon
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number 45 live on not from don't say he lives from
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his brother's money say he lives on his brother's money note feed on some birds feed on insects
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number 46 look at not to don't say look to this
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beautiful picture say look at this beautiful picture note also gaze at stare at etc
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but look after take care of look for try to find look over examine look into examine closely Look on or upon.
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Consider.
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Look down on.
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Have a low opinion of.
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Look up to.
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Respect.
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Look out for.
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Expect.
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Look forward to.
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Expect with pleasure.
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Look to rely on.
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number 47 married to not with don't say Angela was married with a rich man
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say Angela was married to a rich man
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note also engaged to Sally was engaged to Pete for a year before they got married Number 48.
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Opposite to, not from.
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Don't say their house is opposite from ours.
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Say their house is opposite to ours.
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Note, opposite ours, also correct.
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Number 49.
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Pass by a place, not from a place.
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Don't say will you pass from the post office.
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Say, will you pass by the post office?
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Note, also pass the post office is correct.
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Number 50, play for a team, not with a team.
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Don't say he plays regularly with that team.
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Say he plays regularly for that team.
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Number 51, pleased with, not from.
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Don't say, the teacher is pleased from me.
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Say, the teacher is pleased with me.
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Note, we say pleased at or pleased with if in an abstract noun or clause follows.
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They were pleased at or with what he said.
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They were pleased at, for, with, her results.
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52. Popular with, not among.
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Don't say, John's popular among his friends.
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Say, John's popular with his friends.
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Number 53, prefer to, not from.
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Don't say, I prefer a blue pen from a red one.
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Say, I prefer a blue pen to a red one.
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Note, also preferable to.
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This car is preferable to my old one.
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Number 54, preside at or over, not in.
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Don't say, who presided in the last meeting?
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Say, who presided at or over the last meeting?
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Number 55, proud of, not for.
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Don't say, he's very proud for his promotion.
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Say, he's very proud of his promotion.
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note we take a pride in a craftsman takes a pride in his work
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B1 مبني على الفيديو “Speaking English Fluently and Correctly”. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 234 جملة و1936 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 18:35. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 104 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 85% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| ashamed صفة | /əˈʃeɪmd/ | خَجْلَان, خَجُول |
| anxious صفة | /ˈæŋkʃəs/ | قَلِق, قَلِقَة |
| divide فعل | /dɪˈvaɪd/ | قَسَّمَ |
| complain فعل | /kəmˈpleɪn/ | تَذَمَّرَ, اِشْتَكَى |
| cure فعل | /kjɔː/ | شَفَى |
| mathematics اسم | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | رِيَاضَة, رِيَاضِيَّات |
| deprive فعل | /dɪˈpɹaɪv/ | أَفْقَدَ |
| boast فعل | /boʊst/ | تَبَاهَى |
| congratulate فعل | /kənˈɡɹæd͡ʒ.ʊˌleɪt/ | هَنَّأَ, يُهَنِّئُ |
| accuse فعل | /əˈkjuz/ | اِتَّهَمَ |
| absorb فعل | /æbˈsɔɹb/ | اِتَّسَعَ, اِحْتَوَى |
| insist فعل | /ɪnˈsɪst/ | أَصَرَّ |
| jealous صفة | /ˈd͡ʒɛl.əs/ | غَيُور |
| rely فعل | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | اِعْتَمَدَ |
| preferable صفة | /ˈpɹɛf.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/ | مُفَضَّل, أَفْضَل |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | المعنى |
|---|---|
| look down on فعل | تَرَفَّعَ |
جمل تستحق التكرار
جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:
- Don't say we arrived to the village at night.
- I can't rely on or upon him.
- Don't say, my book is different from yours.
- Don't say, I divided the cake in four parts.
- Say, will you pass by the post office?
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | are often made · was absorbed · was charged |
| المستقبل بـ “will” will + فعل — قرار أو وعد أو توقع | will comply · I'll be · will you |
| الوجوب: must / have to / need to قول إن أمرًا ما ضروري | must conform · must guard |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 72 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل don't, they're, I'm. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, thirst /θɝst/, throat /ˈθɹoʊt/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/, shout /ʃaʊt/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, congratulate /kənˈɡɹæd͡ʒ.ʊˌleɪt/, preferable /ˈpɹɛf.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/, preposition /ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: complain /kəmˈpleɪn/, compose /kəmˈpəʊz/, deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/, preside /pɹɪˈzaɪd/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/, overwork /ˈəʊvəˌwɜːk/, passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, complain /kəmˈpleɪn/, cure /kjɔː/, consist /kənˈsɪst/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل ashamed, anxious, divide.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.