ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: If You Eat Meat You Should Know This

กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
1
This is not an anti -meat video.
2
We've all heard the arguments against meat.
3
And yet in the EU and US, only between 1 and 6 % of people don't eat it.
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Meat is just too tasty, convenient and ingrained in our culture for most of us to consider giving it up.
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Also, food is personal and nobody likes to be morally lectured.
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At the same time, we love animals.
7
Most of us have pets
8
and believe in animal rights few things make the internet as
9
angry as animal cruelty both are true we love meat
10
and we love animals unfortunately most animals we eat live in truly horrible conditions we don't torture them for fun
11
but because it makes meat just a little bit more incredibly cheap
12
if we all paid just a tad more we could avoid
13
most animal suffering often just for a few pennies per meal Farming is complicated.
14
Many farmers are genuinely trying to give their animals the best life possible, but they're trapped in a complex system with extreme market pressure to keep prices low.
15
No two countries have the same standards, no two farms are equal, and solid data is often scarce.
16
We've done our best to combine data from different regions and the prices you pay in the end.
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To keep things simple, we're going to classify farming practices into three broad groups decent, prisons and torture camps.
18
This is a bit sketchy and you've probably seen many more categories in the supermarket like organic or grass -fed.
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We'll come to that later.
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So fellow omnivores, what would it cost us to avoid animal torture and still have our fried chicken?
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Chickens.
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At any given time there are about 26 billion chickens alive on earth, as many as all other birds combined.
23
Chickens seem dumb, but they're social, can communicate, solve problems, and feel empathy.
24
And yet, we keep the vast majority in insane torture.
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Let's start with eggs.
26
Worldwide, about 90 % of laying hens live in torture camps, crammed in extremely tight cages where they can barely move.
27
They're unable to show any natural chicken behavior like nesting, roosting, foraging or pecking at the ground,
28
so they become extremely frustrated and end up hurting each other badly.
29
To stop this, many farms clip their beaks.
30
In the US and Europe, legal bans and consumer initiatives have improved the situation a lot in the last few years.
31
But still, more than 50 % of hens remain in cages.
32
The insane thing is that this doesn't even save a lot of money.
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Let's say a dozen eggs cost you around 360 euros or dollars, 30 cents per egg.
34
How much does it cost to free the hens?
35
The main alternative to cages are barn systems.
36
Hens are still kept indoors, but have twice as much space and roam freely.
37
Barns are prisons.
38
Still not amazing, but so much better.
39
In the EU, barns increase the consumer price by about 2 cents per egg.
40
The somewhat decent alternative is free -range, where hens are allowed outdoors, often with proper access to vegetation.
41
In the EU, this increases the price by about 7 cents per egg.
42
Housing aside, one of the cruelest practices is chick culling.
43
Male chicks don't lay eggs, so they're killed right after birth, usually by gassing or grinding.
44
This is a really widespread practice used for caged, barn and even organic eggs.
45
7 billion baby chickens are killed this way each year.
46
France and Germany have banned this, so many breeding eggs here are scanned early and only female birds hatch,
47
which may have increased costs by only 2 to 5 cents per egg.
48
So if you pay 85 cents more for a dozen eggs, you can make a difference between serious chicken torture and pretty decent chicken lives.
49
And for another 60 cents, you can help end chick culling too.
50
Chicken meat is a different story.
51
Most meat chickens today are genetic freaks, bred to reach amazing weights incredibly fast.
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Their internal organs are under a huge amount of stress and they can't even walk properly because of their weight, which causes them a lot of pain for much of their lives.
53
It's hard to give exact numbers here, but if farmers were to switch to breeds that grow slower and suffer far less, a serving of chicken breasts that you buy at one
54
and a half dollars would become nine cents more expensive in the U .S.
55
90 % of meat chickens in the EU live in prisons or torture camps.
56
They're kept indoors in extremely crowded conditions with sometimes dozens of birds per square meter, often in the dark and with poor ventilation.
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So what if we moved them all to prisons?
58
One EU study found that giving them 30 % more space, perches, fresh air and daylight would increase the price by another 13 cents per serving.
59
Probably less than five percent of meat chickens live free -range in relatively decent conditions.
60
This meat is actually noticeably more expensive double the price of regular chicken, but chicken is the cheapest meat, so depending on the cut,
61
you'd pay 35 cents to one euro or dollar more for a serving of chicken that had a decent life.
62
Pigs Pigs are basically dogs.
63
They're as intelligent, social and playful as our wolf buddies and make lovable pets,
64
so pigs really feel how they live and arguably have it the worst of all animals we eat.
65
Probably more than 90 % of all pigs live in torture camps.
66
They spend their entire lives indoors, in extremely crowded spaces, on concrete floors without straw or bedding.
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Since this is far from what they need, they get frustrated and often fight.
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Piglets have their tails docked to stop tailbiting.
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Most males are castrated after birth so that their meat will taste better, often without pain relief to save time.
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Mothers are kept in crates, extremely tight metal straitjackets where they can't move at all.
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This leads to extreme suffering for the mother and for the piglets, which are held in a barren area separated by metal bars and taken away at just three weeks old.
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Imagine treating dogs like that.
73
First, let's get to the prison level.
74
Getting rid of crates would raise the cost of a 2 euro serving of pork by about 20 cents.
75
Anesthesia for castration costs almost nothing, around one cent per kilogram of meat.
76
And a study in Denmark found that giving pigs more straw
77
and bedding material and 30 % more space and other things
78
that are more animal -friendly would increase the price per serving by another 20 cents.
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This is still an awful life for an animal this intelligent, but obviously much better, for 40 cents more per serving.
80
Going one level further and giving pigs outdoor access for at least 40 % of their lives
81
and 300 to 400 % more space indoors would increase the price per serving by another 80 cents.
82
Just over 1 % of pigs in the EU live in these or similar conditions.
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We can't know if this is really okay for such a smart and social animal but it starts resembling something decent.
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And all for about 1 .2 dollars
85
or euros more per serving of pig cows cows raised for meat have it the best
86
because they usually spend about two -thirds of their lives outdoors making their lives pretty good
87
if they were in the wild it would be basically the same thing
88
but less safe their lives are far from perfect though especially
89
the end the vast majority of cows spend the last months of their short lives in finishing feedlots either prisons
90
or torture camps where they're fattened to reach their slaughter weight as fast as possible.
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Probably less than 5 % of beef cattle in the US have lifelong access to outdoor pasture.
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And yet, a recent German study found that it only increases the price of beef by around 15%.
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The life quality of cows varies widely even within countries and regions depending on the available land, climate and farming traditions.
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So it's really impossible to make more easy and cheap suggestions to make their lives better.
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Dairy cows do have it much worse.
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They're often kept indoors for most of the year and suffer pain, soul ulcers, and lesions from standing on concrete.
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But once again, none of these things seem to be needed to have affordable milk.
98
In Germany, outdoor pasture increases the price of the milk by about 10 cents per liter.
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We could go on with many other animals and farming practices, but the summary is clear.
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For the animals we eat the most, upgrading their living conditions from outright torture to somewhat decent may cost you about 15 % more for beef and milk,
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50 % for eggs and pork, and 100 % for chicken meat.
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The meat of the issue.
103
Opinion part.
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Meat has gotten so cheap that we have to torture animals to keep the prices insanely low.
105
This really is all there is to it.
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Food in developed countries is the cheapest it's been in history.
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In the US, the largest meat consumer in the world, an average person spends $337 a month on food, $88 on meat, eggs and dairy.
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If these became an average 50 % more expensive, that would increase the monthly expenditure on food by about $43.
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This may sound like a lot, but relative to income, this only means paying as much for food as US consumers did in 1987.
110
In Germany, the average person spends about 70 euros a month on meat, eggs and dairy.
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If we increased prices by 50 % on average to make the lives of these animals better in a really meaningful way,
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this would rise by about 35 euros to about 100 euros.
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If this still sounds too expensive, it may be because around 20 % of all meat people buy is simply thrown away.
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Meat got so cheap that we often don't eat it before it goes bad it's no longer valuable.
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Okay so if you go shopping what can you do?
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It can feel like you can't do anything as an individual consumer But this is not true.
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The market follows demand.
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So if you don't want to buy torture meat, look at the labels on holding conditions.
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If there is none, it is torture meat for sure.
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If there is, well, it's complicated.
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It's often unclear what different labels mean, if they're strictly enforced or legally binding.
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Some are great, others whitewashing.
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And we haven't talked about the most expensive meat so far, organic meat.
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You've probably noticed that many price estimates we've given here don't quite match your experience in the supermarket.
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This is in part because some retailers consider ethical products luxury goods
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and charge an even higher price and also because many labels like organic, natural, ecological,
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bio or the worst of all biodynamic often contain a lot of extras
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or pseudoscience that have nothing to do with animal welfare.
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Many but not all of these labels include some of the best practices mentioned before, but not necessarily all.
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Organic brands often include, for a lack of a better word, stupid measures, like forbidding GMO feed.
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As we covered in another video, banning GMOs doesn't do anything good for you or the animals.
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It just makes your food more expensive and seem more natural, while you are consuming unnatural animal breeds living a deeply unnatural life.
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Unfortunately, the label situation in many countries is extremely confusing, often on purpose.
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All too often we don't know what we're really buying.
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So, grudgingly, if you can afford it and want at least a high chance of torture -free meat, go for the label.
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If you can afford it, buy organic.
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If you can afford it and have time, research local farms and get your meat from a place you've seen yourself.
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There's one exception too good not to mention.
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Mussels.
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They suck up carbon and filter water, making coastlines cleaner.
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Calling mussels dumb is giving them too much credit.
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With no central nervous system and probably no thoughts or pain, they're basically moss.
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Really, everyone should eat more mussels.
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Okay, let's wrap up.
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You don't need to be vegan to think the current situation is unacceptable.
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The conditions of most animals we eat are hard to stomach
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and could all be avoided if we paid as much for meat as our parents did.
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Things are slowly getting better, at least in the West.
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Consumers can push the industry in the right direction if we bite the bullet and pay more.
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If you can't afford this, maybe eat a bit less meat.
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Don't throw meat away.
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Maybe avoid the worst torture meat like pork, at least sometimes and push for legislation that bans the most horrific practices.
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We can help make the lives of billions of animals dramatically better.
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It really is that simple.
155
You can only advocate for better policies if you have enough reliable information.
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When the financial incentives are prioritized, facts can be manipulated or even omitted altogether. In 2024,
157
many major fast -food chains backtracked on serving chicken that's free from antibiotics and do use it on sick chickens now.
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But is this the full story?
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To get nuanced perspectives, we draw on Ground News.
160
We admire them, as a long -time sponsor, for their aim to provide a balanced account and leave the final conclusion up to you.
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This is what we're aiming for as well.
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Ground News lets you easily access nearly 100 additional articles published worldwide on these policy changes.
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Let's look closer.
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Scripps News cites flu outbreaks in farms across the US as causing limited supplies and higher prices.
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One source raises concerns that this move could increase the risk of spreading antibiotic resistance amongst humans.
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At the same time, the Associated Press reports that Tyson's senior director of animal welfare noted a plan to use antibiotics known as ionophores,
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which are claimed to have no effect on human health you
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can easily see the different angles of each publication side by side
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “If You Eat Meat You Should Know This” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: meat, animal, chicken, torture, cent วิดีโอนี้มี 182 ประโยค และ 2483 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 15:13 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 163 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 82% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
torture คำนาม/ˈtoɹt͡ʃɚ/การทรมาน, ทารุณกรรม
pig คำนาม/ˈpɪɡ/หมู
cow คำนาม/kaʊ/วัว, โค
hen คำนาม/hɛn/แม่ไก่
euro คำนาม/ˈjʊɹoʊ/ยูโร
barn คำนาม[ˈbɑɹn]ยุ้ง, โรงนา
mussel คำนาม/ˈmʌsəl/หอยสองฝา
antibiotic คำนาม/ˌæn.taɪ.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/ยาปฏิชีวนะ, ปฏิชีวนะ
dairy คำนาม/ˈdɛə.ɹi/ผลิตภัณฑ์นม
cage คำนาม/keɪd͡ʒ/กรง
pasture คำนาม/ˈpæst͡ʃəɹ/ทุ่งหญ้า, ทุ่งเลี้ยงสัตว์
piglet คำนาม/ˈpɪɡ.lət/ลูกหมู
supermarket คำนาม/ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/ซูเปอร์มาร์เก็ต
straw คำนาม/stɹɔ/ฟาง
farmer คำนาม/ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/กสิกร, เกษตรกร

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์ความหมาย
throw away คำกริยาทิ้ง

ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ

ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:

  • We've all heard the arguments against meat.
  • We'll come to that later.
  • First, let's get to the prison level.
  • This is what we're aiming for as well.
  • We couldn't do it without them.

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำis complicated · are still kept · are allowed
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันWe've done · you've probably seen · have improved

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 42 ครั้ง เช่น they're, don't, can't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “th”: anesthesia /ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: anesthesia /ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/, ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: antibiotic /ˌæn.taɪ.baɪˈɑ.tɪk/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, anesthesia /ˌæn.əsˈθi.ʒə/, ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, manipulate /məˈnɪp.jʊ.leɪt/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

  • เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: indoors /ɪnˈdɔɹz/, mussel /ˈmʌsəl/, cage /keɪd͡ʒ/, cull /kʌl/, scarce /ˈskɛɚs/
  • /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, vegan /ˈviːɡən/, incentive /ɪnˈsɛntɪv/, convenient /kənˈviː.niənt/
  • /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: indoors /ɪnˈdɔɹz/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, resemble /ɹɪˈzɛmbəl/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง torture, pig, cow เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →