ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Powerful Stoic Quotes That Will Change Your Life
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160 ประโยค
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1
Marcus Aurelius Concentrate every minute on doing what's in front of you.
2
You don't have to turn this into something.
3
It doesn't have to upset you.
4
The present is all we have to live in, or to lose.
5
Stop whatever you're doing for a moment and ask yourself, Am I afraid of death because I won't be able to do this anymore?
6
Let each thing you would do, say, or intend be like that of a dying person.
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The things you think about determine the quality of your mind mind.
8
Your soul takes on the color of your thoughts.
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Today, I escaped anxiety.
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Or no, I discarded it because it was within me, in my own perceptions, not outside.
11
You have You have to assemble your life yourself, action by action.
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The impediment to action advances action.
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What stands in the way becomes the way.
14
The best revenge is not to be like your enemy.
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You can also commit injustice by doing nothing.
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Receive without pride.
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Let go without attachment.
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If it's endurable, then endure it.
19
Stop complaining.
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Have I done something for the common good?
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and I share in the benefits.
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It never ceases to amaze me.
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We all love ourselves more than other people, but care more about their opinion than our own.
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It's unfortunate that this has happened.
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No, it's fortunate that this has happened and I've remained unharmed.
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If it is not right, do not do it.
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If it is not true, do not say it.
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You always own the option of having no opinion.
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Ask yourself at every moment.
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Is this necessary?
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If something is humanly possible, it's attainable by you too.
32
Think of yourself as dead.
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You have lived your life.
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Now take what's left and live it properly.
35
Everyone despises me, that's their problem.
36
Everything is born from change.
37
You have power over your mind, not outside events.
38
When jarred, unavoidably by circumstance,
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revert at once to yourself and don't lose Use the rhythm more than you can help.
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You could leave life right now.
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Let that determine what you do, say and think.
42
Our life is what our thoughts make it.
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If you don't have a consistent goal in life, you can't live it in a consistent way.
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Get back up when you fail.
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Celebrate behaving like a human.
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Limit yourself to the present.
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The tranquility that comes when you stop caring what they say, or think, or do, only what you do.
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But you see how much you have to offer, and yet you still settle for less.
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Mastery of reading and writing requires a master.
50
The struggle is great, the task divine, to gain mastery, freedom, happiness and tranquility.
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Do not let others hold you back.
52
A blazing fire makes flame and brightness out of everything that is thrown into it.
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To love only what happens, no greater harmony.
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If it's humanly possible, you can do it too.
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Choose not to be harmed, and you won't feel harmed.
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Don't feel harmed, and you haven't been.
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Don't procrastinate.
58
Don't confuse.
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Don't wander.
60
Don't be passive or aggressive.
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Don't be all about business.
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Love the hand that fake deals you, and play it as your own.
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Practice even what seems impossible.
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There is never any need to get worked up about things you can't control.
65
People exist for one another.
66
The nearer a man comes to a calm mind, the closer he is to strength.
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Seneca We suffer more in imagination than in reality.
68
Difficulties strengthen the mind as labor does the body.
69
Being poor is not having too little, it is wanting more.
70
If a man knows not to which port he sails, no wind is favorable.
71
It's better to conquer grief than to deceive it.
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Life is very short and anxious for those who forget the past, neglect the present, and fear the future.
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No man is more unhappy than he who never faces adversity, for he is not permitted to prove himself.
74
Everything hangs on one's thinking.
75
A man is as unhappy as he has convinced himself he is.
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It's not that we have a short time to live, but that we waste a lot of it.
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All cruelty springs from weakness.
78
A gem cannot be polished without friction, nor a man perfected without trials.
79
He who is everywhere is nowhere.
80
As long as you live, keep learning how to live.
81
It is not the man who has too little, but the man who craves more that is poor.
82
Sometimes even to live is an act of courage.
83
You can tell the character of every man when you see how he gives and receives praise.
84
It is not that we have a short space of time, but that we waste much of it.
85
The greatest remedy for anger is delay.
86
How much progress shall I make, you ask, just as much as you try to make?
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wisdom comes haphazard to no man.
88
This is our big mistake, to think we look forward to death.
89
Most of death is already gone.
90
Whatever time has passed is owned by death.
91
If what you have seems insufficient to you, then though you possess the world, you will yet be miserable.
92
Most powerful is he who has himself in his own power.
93
It does not matter what you bear, but how you bear it.
94
Nothing delights the mind as much as loving in loyal friendship.
95
Whatever can happen at any time can happen today.
96
Excellence withers without an adversary.
97
Joy comes to us from those whom we love even when they are absent.
98
What progress have I made?
99
I have begun to be a friend to myself.
100
If my wealth goes away, it takes with it nothing but itself.
101
Epictetus If you wish to improve, be content to appear clueless or stupid.
102
Don't just say that you have read books.
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Show that through them you have learned to think better.
104
I cannot escape death, but at least I can escape the fear of it.
105
Don't explain your philosophy.
106
Embody it.
107
We become what you give your attention to.
108
It's impossible for a man to learn what he thinks he already knows.
109
If you are ever tempted to look for outside approval, realize that you have compromised your integrity.
110
If you need a witness, be your own.
111
How long are you going to wait before you demand the best for yourself?
112
If your choices are beautiful, so too will you be.
113
If someone succeeds in provoking you, realize that your mind is complicit in the provocation.
114
It's not things that upset us, but our judgments about things.
115
Circumstances don't make the man.
116
They only reveal him to himself.
117
Welcome events in whichever way they happen.
118
This is the path to peace.
119
The key is to keep company only with people who uplift you, whose presence calls forth your best.
120
The essence of philosophy is that a man should so live
121
that his happiness shall depend as little as possible on external things.
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No man is free who is not master of himself.
123
The more we value things outside our control, the less control we have.
124
You are hurt the moment you believe yourself to be.
125
Wealth consists not in having great possessions, but in having few wants.
126
Seek not the good in external things.
127
Seek it in yourselves.
128
Curb your desire.
129
Don't set your heart on so many things, and you will get what you need.
130
Devote the rest of your life to making progress.
131
Better to trip with the feet than with the tongue.
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If you lay violent hands on me, you'll have my body, but my mind will remain with Stillpo.
133
Happiness is a good flow of life.
134
A bad feeling is a commotion of the mind repugnant to reason and against nature.
135
Well-being is realized by small steps, but is truly no small thing thing.
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Man conquers the world by conquering himself.
137
We have two ears and one mouth, so we should listen more than we say.
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He is best of all men who follows good advice.
139
Good Number two is he who finds out all things for himself.
140
No loss should be more regrettable to us than losing our time, for it's irretrievable.
141
Follow where reason leads.
142
Steal your sensibilities so that life shall hurt you as little as possible.
143
No evil is honorable, but death is honorable.
144
Therefore, death is not evil.
145
All the good are friends of one another.
146
No one entrusts a secret to a drunken man, but one will entrust a secret to a good man.
147
Therefore, the good man will not get drunk.
148
All things are parts of one single system, which is called nature.
149
The individual life is good when it is in harmony with nature.
150
Seeing that the universe gives birth to beings that are animate and wise, should it not be considered animate and wise itself?
151
The end may be defined as life in accordance with nature, or, in other words, in accordance with our own human nature,
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as well as that of the universe.
153
When a dog is tied to a cart, if it wants to follow, it is pulled and follows,
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making its spontaneous act coincide with necessity.
155
But if the dog does not follow, it will be compelled in any case.
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So it is with men too.
157
Even if they don't want to, they will be compelled to follow what is destined.
158
Fate is the endless chain of connection, whereby things are the reason or principle by which the world goes on.
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seems to be deficient in nothing so much as he is in time.
160
Thank you.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ C1 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Powerful Stoic Quotes That Will Change Your Life” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 160 ประโยค และ 1609 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 18:21 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 88 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง 87% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| circumstance คำนาม | /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/ | กรณี, สถานการณ์ |
| coincide คำกริยา | /ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/ | สอดคล้อง |
| deceive คำกริยา | /dɪˈsiːv/ | หลอก, โกง |
| procrastinate คำกริยา | /pɹoʊˈkɹæs.tə.neɪt/ | ผัดวันประกันพรุ่ง, ผัด |
| regrettable คำคุณศัพท์ | น่าเสียใจ, น่าเสียดาย | |
| wither คำกริยา | /ˈwɪðɚ/ | เหี่ยว, เหี่ยวแห้ง |
| devote คำกริยา | /dɪˈvəʊt/ | อุทิศ |
| brightness คำนาม | /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/ | ความสว่าง |
| assemble คำกริยา | /əˈsɛm.bəl/ | รวมตัว |
| wander คำกริยา | /ˈwɑndɚ/ | ท่องเที่ยว |
| friction คำนาม | /ˈfɹɪkʃən/ | การสี, การเสียดสี |
| injustice คำนาม | /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/ | ความไม่เป็นธรรม, ความอยุติธรรม |
| attachment คำนาม | /əˈtæt͡ʃmənt/ | ความผูกพันทางจิตใจ |
| necessity คำนาม | /nɪˈsɛsəti/ | ความต้องการ |
| jar คำนาม | /d͡ʒɑː/ | โอ่ง, กุณฑี |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- You don't have to turn this into something.
- It doesn't have to upset you.
- Have I done something for the common good?
- Everyone despises me, that's their problem.
- What progress have I made?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์ | if they don't want to, they will be |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | Have I done · has happened · have lived |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | is born · is thrown · be harmed |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | those who forget · man who has · people who uplift |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 23 ครั้ง เช่น don't, can't, won't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: wither /ˈwɪðɚ/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: commotion /kəˈmoʊ.ʃən/, deficient /dɪˈfɪʃənt/, provocation /ˌpɹɑvəˈkeɪʃən/, friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən/, insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: tranquility /træŋˈkwɪlɪti/, adversary /ˈæd.vəɹˌsɛɹi/, adversity /ædˈvɜː.sɪ.ti/, attainable /əˈteɪ.nə.bəl/, endurable /ɪnˈd(j)ʊɹ.ɪ.bəl/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: compel /kəmˈpɛl/, circumstance /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/, attainable /əˈteɪ.nə.bəl/, deceive /dɪˈsiːv/, endurable /ɪnˈd(j)ʊɹ.ɪ.bəl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: adversary /ˈæd.vəɹˌsɛɹi/, adversity /ædˈvɜː.sɪ.ti/, deceive /dɪˈsiːv/, provocation /ˌpɹɑvəˈkeɪʃən/, provoke /pɹəˈvəʊk/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: haphazard /(ˌ)hæpˈhæz.əd/, despise /dɪˈspaɪz/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, blaze /bleɪz/, yourselves /jəˈsɛlvz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง circumstance, coincide, deceive เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ