ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: The biggest peach myth in America
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
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This is a peach.
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Soft, fuzzy, sweet, and oh -so -delicious.
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When you get a really good peach, it's a tremendous kind of sensory experience.
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The U .S produces 600 ,000 tons of this stone fruit each year, and it's synonymous with one place, Georgia.
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That's one of those Georgia peaches.
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Georgia peaches.
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Those are considered the best.
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In your outfit, you look like a little Georgia peach.
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It's on license plates and road signs and at the end of almost every film you've ever watched.
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There's even an entire county named after it.
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But here's the thing.
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Despite its nickname, Georgia doesn't even produce the most peaches in the U .S.
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So there's an act of myth -making it's really not a southern fruit in particular.
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So how did Georgia become the peach state?
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A peach is what's called a stone fruit, meaning there's a hard pit at the center.
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There are clingstones, which cling tightly to the pit, and freestones, which pull away cleanly.
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They could be yellow or white, fuzzy or smooth.
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Those are nectarines, same fruit, just no fuzz.
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And like most crops grown in the U .S., peaches came from somewhere else.
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The earliest evidence we have for peach usage dates back to China around 7 ,000 years ago.
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They came to Europe via the Silk Road, and so they acquired the scientific name Prunus persica because it was assumed they originally came from Persia.
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From there, Spanish explorers carried peach bits across the Atlantic in the 1500s and planted them across Florida, where Native Americans used them for food and medicine and spread them up the coast.
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So by the time English colonists arrived in Virginia in the early 1600s, peaches were abundant.
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But they weren't glamorous.
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Most peach usage seems to have been for foraging hogs and making cider and brandy.
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It tastes like peach brandy to me.
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No one was calling it a state symbol.
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It would take a war, a broken economy, and a new generation of horticulturalists to turn
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that idea into an industry when the civil war ended george's economy was shattered
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because cotton had built the old south there's a really strong push among a lot of newspaper men
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and sort of upper class folks in the south to develop
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a new reputation like a new face for the south there was also in georgia really active horticultural society
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so there's a lot of language like queen peach is dethroning king cotton to sort of say georgia is doing something different.
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We're making a new kind of agricultural civilization.
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Peaches were already growing in Georgia, but getting them to market was the issue.
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They bruise easily and spoil fast, so if Georgia was going to build a new identity around this fruit, it needed a peach that could travel.
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Enter Samuel Rumpf.
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In Georgia, the most important commercial peach variety was developed.
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It was called the Alberta by Samuel Henry Rumpf, done in Marshallville.
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Rumpf likely crossed Chinese cling with a yellow freestone known as early Crawford.
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However, he was never able to provide a clear genealogy for the Alberta.
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He named it after his wife.
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That was also kind of an important move for, you know, a Southern gentleman.
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And at the same time Rumpf was experimenting in his orchards, something else was changing.
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The development of refrigerated transport, that was a key part of getting the commercial industry going in the South.
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Georgia really is kind of the first peach growing region that's
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shipping at a considerable distance to some of the big marketplaces of the north.
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There were at one time more Alberta peaches grown than any other fruit variety.
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By the early 1900s, Georgia was known for its peaches.
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Labels on crates shipped north featured the word Georgia front and center.
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Macon, Georgia hosts a big peach carnival in the 1890s.
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That culminates in the 1920s in Peach County.
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Peaches were becoming something people in Georgia rallied around.
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There were pies and cobblers and crisps.
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Even during During World War I, peach pits were burnt down and packed into the filters of gas masks.
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But despite their many uses, peaches never really did overtake cotton.
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Peaches were never more important than cotton economically, as far as I can tell.
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Peaches fit kind of hand in glove with the cotton economy, especially with regard to labor.
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But the story stuck.
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More than a century after the Alberta peach was introduced, Georgia made it official.
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In 1995, the peach became the state fruit.
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But today, George's reputation is bigger than its harvest.
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no antibiotics, and no growth hormones.
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So when you're on your next grocery run, consider checking out Stonyfield Organic Yogurt.
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It's also important to note that Stonyfield Organic didn't dictate the content of the story, but their support made this tasty reporting possible.
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now back to peaches south carolina and california have both overtaken peaches
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and and today california produces by far the most peaches in the country
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but even they're dwarfed by china china produces way more in
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peaches than anybody else in the world by the 1920s nearly
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150 000 acres of peaches were planted across the state
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but by 2017 georgia just had nearly 12 000 acres of peaches left in georgia peaches
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and the people growing them look different today the mostly black labor forest
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that powered these early orchards declined during the great migration
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and modern orchards rely heavily on immigrant labor mainly through h2a guest worker programs
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and labor isn't the only challenge peaches needed a certain amount
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of chill hours every winter time below 45 degrees to reset
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and bloom properly in the spring too much cold and there's risk
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if peach trees start to bloom
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and then there's a late freeze you can lose most of
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your crop in 2023 some georgia growers reported losing more than 90 % of their peaches.
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The season was described as disastrous.
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But despite all this, Georgia is still the peach state.
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At that moment when the South was really looking for this sort of new reputation, a new face, peaches were there.
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They were emerging as a major crop.
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I think there's been a continuation of a maintenance of the myth.
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Because it turned peaches into a story.
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And that lasts longer than any crop ever could.
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Where we're doing really cool stuff, like chats with our reporters, and where Dolly just did a taste test of all the different bananas she found in her last video.
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It's so important to support independent journalism.
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Your membership allows us to keep making videos like this, and allows us to have fun and research really cool, weird stories, but also really dig into the investigative reporting.
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And if it doesn't make financial sense for you to support us today, you can still follow us on Patreon for free, and stay up to date with all of the great reporting going on at Vox.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “The biggest peach myth in America” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: peaches, georgia, peach, fruit, cotton วิดีโอนี้มี 91 ประโยค และ 1149 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 6:47 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 169 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน มีเพียง 76% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| peach คำนาม | /ˈpiːt͡ʃ/ | ท้อ, พีช |
| cotton คำนาม | /ˈkɑt.n̩/ | ต้นฝ้าย, ฝ้าย |
| crop คำนาม | /kɹɑp/ | พืชไร่ |
| reputation คำนาม | /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ | ชื่อเสียง |
| myth คำนาม | /mɪθ/ | ตำนาน, นิทาน |
| acre คำนาม | /ˈeɪ.kɚ/ | เอเคอร์ |
| brandy คำนาม | /ˈbɹændi/ | บรั่นดี |
| membership คำนาม | สมาชิกภาพ | |
| label คำนาม | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | ฉลาก |
| worker คำนาม | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | คนงาน, กรรมกร |
| arrive คำกริยา | /əˈɹaɪv/ | มา, ถึง |
| experiment คำนาม | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | การทดลอง |
| introduce คำกริยา | /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ | แนะนำ |
| reporter คำนาม | /ɹɪˈpoɹ.tɚ/ | นักข่าว |
| delicious คำคุณศัพท์ | /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/ | อร่อย, โอชา |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 10 ครั้ง เช่น doesn't, we're, didn't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: myth /mɪθ/, smooth /smuːð/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/, migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, continuation /kənˌtɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, economically /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kli/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: peach /ˈpiːt͡ʃ/, usage /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/, myth /mɪθ/, label /ˈleɪ.bəl/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, carnival /ˈkɑɹnɪvəl/, glove /ɡlʌv/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: fuzzy /ˈfʌzi/, journalism /ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, disastrous /dɪˈzæs.tɹəs/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง peach, cotton, crop เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ