ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: We Speak NYC: Ep 03 - Rolando's Rights
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299 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
Thank you.
2
I didn't get paid for my last two years.
3
Two weeks on the job.
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I need that money.
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I worked for it.
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I'm sorry.
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I told you on the phone.
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I want to help.
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But there's nothing I can do.
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You got sick.
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You lost your job.
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You lost your pay.
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I'm talking about before I was sick.
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I didn't get paid for two weeks.
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The owner said he doesn't owe you anything.
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Hey, oh.
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Why are you so late?
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I had some bee's knees I had to take care of.
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Well, you have to take care of it on your own time.
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You need to be back from lunch. On time.
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Okay.
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Sorry.
23
You got it?
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Yes.
25
Good.
26
What's going on?
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Have you ever been ripped off in a job?
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Tell me about it.
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What happened?
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The place where I used to work ripped me off.
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They fired me because I was sick, and they didn't pay me for two weeks.
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I worked before I got sick.
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They can't do that.
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Well, they did, and I went back there to ask for my money.
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Hey.
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Let's just get back to work.
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I just got this job.
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I don't want to lose it.
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Sylvia?
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They said no. There must be something else you can do.
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What do you have there?
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Nothing.
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No, let me see.
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Let me see.
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Let me see.
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Let me see.
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He looks like a big cat.
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It's a lion.
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Is that right?
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That's right.
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Lion.
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King of the animals.
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Can you show me how to roar like a lion?
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Roar!
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Roar!
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Roar!
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Roar!
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Rawr!
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Rawr!
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Rawr!
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Rolando.
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Thanks, honey.
63
Okay.
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It's perfect.
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Mwah.
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We are going to figure this out.
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Okay?
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Bye.
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I got something for you.
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Your money.
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Gracias.
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Yeah, we lay the concrete and we're finished.
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Hey, have you ever read any of these signs?
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to anonymously report unsafe conditions at this work site, call 311.
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Anonymously?
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That means you don't have to give your name, right?
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What if you want to...
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You report that your boss didn't pay you.
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Can you call 3 -1 -1 anonymously?
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You asked me if I ever got ripped off on a job.
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The company we work for right now ripped me off.
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Me too.
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I was sick for a few days.
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I asked for sick leave, but the company didn't give it to me.
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Me too.
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Sick leave, what's that?
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In New York City, if you're sick, you don't have to go to work.
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But you still get paid.
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It's called paid sick leave.
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I don't know all the rules.
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But my friend told me it's for workers without a union contract.
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Like us.
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But what if your company doesn't give you paid sick leave?
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What do you do?
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Let's call that number.
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3 -1 -1.
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You guys try it.
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Tell me what you find out.
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I have to pick up my son at school.
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Okay.
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Okay.
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I'm king of the animals!
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Roar!
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Excuse me, Mr Lion.
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Can you be a little choir?
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Why?
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I'm a lion.
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That's how I talk.
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I, I, I forgot my words.
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Your line is, I have a voice too.
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Let's practice it.
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I have a voice too.
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Great.
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They're practicing their lines.
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Lionel is one of our stars.
116
Let's continue.
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I have a voice too.
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I have a voice too.
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Me too.
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Me three.
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Let me hear your voices!
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Roar!
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Roar!
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Roar!
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Roar!
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so what did they tell you they said
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we can get help from DCA the Department of Consumer Affairs
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they have a special office for workers rights they told me the same thing they said we could
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or file a complaint online, or do it on the phone?
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They, uh, said we can go to the DCA office, too.
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And you don't need an appointment.
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Hmm.
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Maybe going there is a good idea.
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We can speak to somebody face to face. But when?
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I have no idea.
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Next Wednesday.
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Our construction site will be closed for an inspection.
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Let's go then.
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Yeah.
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We'll work together to solve your problem.
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And if you want an interpreter in your language, let me know.
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In New York City, workers in companies with five or more employees have the right to pay sick leave.
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That's us.
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You can start using your sick leave after four months.
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And if someone in your family is sick, for example, your wife or your child or your parent, you can use your sick leave.
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You can stay home and take care of them and still get paid.
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Our company didn't give us paid sick leave.
148
We'll help you get it.
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The company owes you that money.
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We don't have a union contract.
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Are we protected?
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We don't want to lose our jobs.
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The company is not allowed to fire you for getting help from DCA.
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It's against the law.
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I have another problem.
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My old company didn't pay me for the last two weeks that I worked there.
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They ripped me off two full weeks of pay.
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That is called wage theft.
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The company is required by law to pay you for every hour that you work.
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I have another question.
161
My wife wears a hijab
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She's starting a new job
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Is that a problem?
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No It is not.
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It is illegal for employers to discriminate against workers because of religion.
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And workers like your wife, or anyone, have the right to wear their religious clothing.
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The workers' bill of rights.
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That's right.
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Workers in New York City have rights.
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And it doesn't matter if you have immigration papers or not.
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this is good this is what i need do you want
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to file a complaint we'll contact the company to get your money we should file a complaint
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if you want to talk it over and decide that's fine when you are ready we are here to help
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so what do you guys think do you want to file a complaint
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or speak with Marco I think we should file a complaint
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I think we should speak to Marco first maybe the company doesn't know the rules
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I think they know the rules what do you think about speaking to some other workers if more of us tell
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Marco what we know.
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Maybe he tell the owner.
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What do you think Rolando?
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Yeah basically it's for home health days like you do.
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I see.
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Also nannies, house cleaners, all domestic workers.
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The rules are a little different.
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Let's see what this is.
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I mean, you sound sick man, you should be at home resting.
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I cannot afford it.
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With paid sick leave, you can stay home and you still get paid.
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I don't want to make any trouble.
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My wife is pregnant.
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I don't want to lose my job.
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It's your right, Patel.
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You mean, if someone in my family is sick, paid sick leave covers that, too?
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Mm -hmm.
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That's right.
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I think speaking as a group is a good idea.
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Why aren't you dressed for work?
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Sylvia, do you ever think about leaving?
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Leaving?
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Going back.
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We made a decision.
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We came here, worked hard, built a family.
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This is our home now.
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Love you.
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What did you decide?
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I'm going to show you the documents we got from DCA to my old foreman.
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What are you going to say to him?
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Let's practice it.
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What?
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You'll be the boss and I'll play myself, Orlando.
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Okay, I've never been a boss before.
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You'll be a good one.
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Thanks.
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Go ahead.
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I'm listening.
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What do you want, Rolando?
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I've already listened to you.
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I'm a very busy man.
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I only need a couple of minutes of your time and I won't bother you anymore.
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Okay.
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You have two minutes.
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Talk to me.
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Look, it's my money.
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I worked for it and you can't take it.
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You were sick.
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I needed a worker.
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I had no choice.
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I had the flu.
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You can't fire me for that.
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I have the right to paid sick leave
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and I have the right to all of the money
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that I earned before I got sick too I'm not the boss of this company I only work
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and I do what I'm told.
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Rolando, the foreman is here.
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You came break earlier today.
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Great, thanks.
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Thanks, Mom.
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Jose, I need to talk to you for a minute.
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Rolando, you don't work here anymore.
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I've worked for this company for five months.
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I have a right to paid sick leave, and I have a right to receive all of the money that I worked for.
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Look, Rolando, I'd like to help you.
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But there's nothing I can do.
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I'm not the boss.
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Can you talk to him again?
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I'm gonna try.
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I can't guarantee anything.
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I'll give you a call.
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Thank you.
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Marco, we want to tell you that we know about paid sick leave.
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That's right.
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We don't want to cause trouble.
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We just want to take care of ourselves.
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And our families.
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Don't waste your time.
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Boss doesn't care.
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Maybe he would care if he knows that we can file a complaint with DCA.
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Then he would have to pay us.
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Plus fines.
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Penalties.
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And we know that he is not allowed to fire us.
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We are protected by the law.
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That's right, Marco.
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We know our rights.
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All right, I will show this to the boss, but I don't think he cares.
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Hey, Silvia.
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Hi.
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Hey.
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So the foreman at the old job said that he would talk to the boss.
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That's a good sign, but it's good to have another plan.
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I'll wait a few days.
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If they don't do anything, I know what to do.
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Oh, yeah.
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Delando.
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We've decided that we are going to file complaints with DCA.
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We're tired of waiting.
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I haven't heard anything from my old farmer, neither.
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You should file a complaint, too.
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I already have.
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Roar.
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I can't roar.
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Don't worry, Leonel.
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You'll get your voice back soon.
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Dear, I'm going to stay with you.
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I called my agency, and they said it's fine.
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I've been working there a long time so they said I can stay home and I'll get paid.
287
Next time it'll be my turn after I've been with the company longer than we win our fight.
288
Listen everybody, before you leave I have something important to tell you.
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You were Right.
290
Everyone who works for this company, 120 days or more, gets paid sick leave.
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In New York City, it's the law.
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And it's good for the company to have healthy workers.
293
I have this information about paid sick leave.
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I'm going to post it by the entrance and outside my office.
295
We deserve it.
296
Yeah, it's our right.
297
We build this city.
298
We'll be right back.
299
We'll be right back.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “We Speak NYC: Ep 03 - Rolando's Rights” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: sick, paid, roar, worker, complaint วิดีโอนี้มี 298 ประโยค และ 1800 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 20:52 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 86 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง 86% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| worker คำนาม | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | คนงาน, กรรมกร |
| complaint คำนาม | /kəmˈpleɪnt/ | ร้องเรียน |
| lion คำนาม | /ˈlaɪən/ | สิงโต, ราชสีห์ |
| foreman คำนาม | /ˈfɔː(ɹ).mən/ | หัวหน้างาน, หัวงาน |
| earn คำกริยา | /ɝn/ | หาเงิน |
| clothing คำนาม | /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ | เสื้อผ้า |
| immigration คำนาม | /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/ | การเข้าเมือง, เข้าเมือง |
| guarantee คำนาม | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | การรับประกัน |
| wage คำนาม | /weɪd͡ʒ/ | ค่าจ้าง, ค่าแรง |
| solve คำกริยา | /sɒlv/ | แก้, แก้ไข |
| bother คำกริยา | /ˈbɑðɚ/ | รบกวน, กวน |
| entrance คำนาม | /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ | ทางเข้า |
| honey คำนาม | /ˈhʌni/ | น้ำผึ้ง |
| knee คำนาม | /ni/ | เข่า, หัวเข่า |
| employer คำนาม | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | นายจ้าง |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| go back คำกริยา | กลับไป |
| pick up คำกริยา | ยก, หยิบ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Why are you so late?
- Have you ever been ripped off in a job?
- What do you have there?
- Hey, have you ever read any of these signs?
- Why aren't you dressed for work?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | Have you ever been ripped · I've never been · I've already listened |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | been ripped · will be closed · is not allowed |
| คำแนะนำด้วย “should” should + กริยา — บอกสิ่งที่ควรทำ | should file · should speak · should be |
| อนาคตด้วย “will” will + กริยา — การตัดสินใจ คำสัญญา หรือการคาดการณ์ | will be · We'll work · We'll help |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 73 ครั้ง เช่น don't, I'm, didn't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, bother /ˈbɑðɚ/, theft /θɛft/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/, inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/, interpreter /ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪ.tɚ/, discriminate /dɪˈskɹɪm.əˌneɪt/, anonymously /əˈnɒnəməsli/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: wage /weɪd͡ʒ/, solve /sɒlv/, entrance /ˈɛn.tɹəns/, unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/, gracias /ˈɡɹɑ.si.əs/
- พยัญชนะควบ — ออกเสียงให้ครบทุกตัว: complaint /kəmˈpleɪnt/, clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, concrete /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/, solve /sɒlv/, entrance /ˈɛn.tɹəns/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง worker, complaint, lion เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ