Shadowing Practice: Cambridge 18, Test 2 Part 4 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Part 4.
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You will hear a student on a fashion design course giving a talk about the history of pockets.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Good morning.
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Now, we've been asked to choose an aspect of European clothing or fashion and to talk about its development over time.
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I decided to focus on a rather small area of clothing, and that's pockets, I chose pockets for two reasons really.
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We all have them in jeans, jackets, coats, for example.
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And even though we often carry bags or briefcases as well,
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Nothing is quite as convenient as being able to pop your phone or credit card into your pocket.
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Yet, I suspect that other than that, people don't really think about pockets too much, and they're rather overlooked as a fashion item.
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It's certainly very interesting to go back in time and see how Pockets developed for men and women,
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In the 18th century, fashions were quite different from the way they are now, And pockets were too.
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If we think about male fashion first, That was the time when suits became popular.
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Trousers were knee length only and referred to as breeches.
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The waistcoats were short and the jackets were long.
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But all three garments were lined with material, and pockets were sewn into this cloth by whichever tailor the customer used.
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The wearer could then carry small objects such as pencils or coins on their person, and reach them through a gap in the lining.
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Coat pockets became increasingly decorative on the outside for men who wanted to look stylish.
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but they were often larger but plainer if the wearer was someone with a profession who needed to carry medical instruments.
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a doctor or physician, for example.
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The development of women's pockets was a little different.
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For one thing, they weren't nearly as visible or as easy to reach as men's.
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In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, women carried numerous possessions on their person, and some of these could be worth a lot of money.
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Women were more vulnerable to theft, and wealthy women, in particular, worried constantly about pickpockets.
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So what they did was to have a pair of pockets made that were tied together with string.
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The pockets were made of fabric, which might be recycled cloth if the wearer had little money, or something more expensive, such as linen,
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sometimes featuring very delicate embroidery.
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Women tied the pockets around their waist, so that they hung beneath their clothes, Remember, skirts were long then,
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and there was plenty of room to hide a whole range of small possessions between the layers of petticoats
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that were commonly worn.
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They would have an opening in the folds of their skirts, through which they could reach whatever they needed.
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Like their perfume.
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Working women, of course, also needed to carry around items
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that they might use for whatever job or trade they were involved in, But their pairs of pockets still remained on the inside of their clothing.
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They just got bigger or longer, sometimes reaching down to their knees.
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So, the tie -on pockets went well into the 19th century, and only changed when fashion altered towards the end of that period.
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That's when dresses became tighter and less bulky, and the pairs of pockets became very noticeable.
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They stood out too much and detracted from the woman's image.
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Women who had been used to carrying around a range of personal possessions, and still wanted to, needed somewhere to carry these items about their person.
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That was when small bags, or pouches as they were known, came into fashion, and of course,
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they inevitably led onto the handbag of more modern times, particularly when fashion removed pockets altogether.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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That is the end of the listening test.
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In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B2 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Cambridge 18, Test 2 Part 4” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: pocket, fashion, carry, became, answer. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 46 cümle ve 675 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 7:01 sürüyor. Konuşmacı yavaş konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 96 kelime; her sesi taklit etmek için zamanınız var. Kelimelerin yalnızca %81’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| wearer isim | /ˈweɹɚ/ | ... giyen |
| cloth isim | /klɒθ/ | kumaş |
| skirt isim | /skɚt/ | etek |
| briefcase isim | /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/ | evrak çantası |
| eighteenth sıfat | /ˌeɪˈtiːnθ/ | on sekizinci |
| embroidery isim | /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/ | nakış |
| handbag isim | /ˈhændˌbæɡ/ | el çantası, çanta |
| pickpocket isim | /ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/ | dızcı, kapkaççı |
| recycle fiil | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | geri dönüşüm, geri dönüştürmek |
| waistcoat isim | /ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/ | yelek |
| overlook fiil | /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/ | gözden kaçırmak |
| garment isim | /ˈɡɑɹmənt/ | giysi |
| tailor isim | /ˈteɪlɚ/ | terzi, dikici |
| linen isim | /ˈlɪnɪn/ | keten |
| perfume isim | /ˈpɝfjuːm/ | ıtır, burcu |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | we've been asked · were lined · were made |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | men who wanted · Women who had |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı don't, they're, we've gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 4 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “th” sesleri: cloth /klɒθ/, eighteenth /ˌeɪˈtiːnθ/, nineteenth /ˌnaɪnˈtiːnθ/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, theft /θɛft/
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/, profession /pɹəˈfɛʃ.ən/, physician /fəˈzɪʃən/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: embroidery /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/, decorative /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: wearer /ˈweɹɚ/, waistcoat /ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, waist /weɪst/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: cloth /klɒθ/, skirt /skɚt/, breeches /ˈbɹiː.t͡ʃɪz/, briefcase /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/, trousers /ˈtɹaʊzɚz/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: detract /dɪˈtɹækt/, handbag /ˈhændˌbæɡ/, fabric /ˈfæb.ɹɪk/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; wearer, cloth, skirt gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.