Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Margin Call - "Sell it all. Today." 👆🤘👆

Đang tạo bài học...
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Please sit down.
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Welcome, everyone.
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I must apologize for dragging you all here such an uncommon hour, but from what I've been told, this matter needs to be dealt with urgently.
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So urgently, in fact, probably should have been addressed weeks ago.
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But that is spilt milk under the bridge.
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So, why doesn't somebody tell me what they think is going on here?
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Mr. Tull, as I mentioned earlier, if you compare the figure at the top of page 13...
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Jared, it's a little early for all that.
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Just speak to me in plain English.
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Okay.
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In fact, I'd like to speak to the guy who put this together.
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Mr. Sullivan, is it?
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Does he speak English?
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Sir?
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I'd like to speak with the analyst who seems to stumble across this mess.
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Certainly.
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That would be Peter Sullivan, right here.
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Oh, Mr. Sullivan, you're here.
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Good morning.
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Maybe you could tell me what you think is going on here.
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And please, speak as you might to a young child or a golden retriever.
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It wasn't brains that got me here.
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I can show you of that.
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Well, um...
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Sir, as you may or may not know, I work here for Mr. Rogers as an associate in the Risk Assessment and Management Office at MBS.
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Please, just relax, stand up, tell us the care boys what is the nature of the problem.
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Okay, uh...
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Well, as you probably know, over the last 36 to 40 months,
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the firm has begun packaging new MBS products that combine several different tranches of rating classification in one tradable security.
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This has been enormously profitable, as I imagine you noticed.
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I have.
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Well, the firm is currently doing a considerable amount of this business every day.
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Now, the problem, which is, I guess, why we are here tonight, is that it takes us,
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the firm, about a month to layer these products correctly, thereby posing a challenge from a risk management standpoint.
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I'm sorry, that challenge is?
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Well, we have to hold these assets on our books longer than we might ideally like to.
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Yes.
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But the key factor here is these are essentially just mortgages, so that has allowed us to push the leverage considerably beyond what you might be willing
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or allowed to do in any other circumstance, thereby pushing the risk profile without raising any red flags.
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Now, thank you, Mr. Lennon.
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Sit down.
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What I'm guessing your report here says, and give me some rope here, what I'm guessing it says is that considering the,
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shall we say, bumpy road we've been on the last week or so, that the figures your brilliant co -workers up the line ahead of you have come up with
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don't make much sense anymore considering what's taking place today.
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Actually, not what's taking place today, but what's already taken place over the last two weeks.
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So you are saying this has already happened?
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Sort of.
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Sort of.
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And, Mr. Sullivan, what does your model say that that means for us here?
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Well, that's where it becomes a projection. But...
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You're speaking with me, Mr. Sullivan.
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Well, sir, if those assets decrease by just 25 % and remain on our books,
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that loss would be greater than the current market capitalization of this entire company.
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So, what you're telling me is that the music is about to stop,
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and we're going to be left holding the biggest bag of odorous excrement ever assembled in the history of capitalism.
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Sir, I'm not sure that I would put it that way, but let me clarify, using your analogy,
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what this model shows is the music, so to speak, just slowing.
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If the music were to stop, as you put it, then this model wouldn't be even close to that scenario.
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It would be considerably worse.
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Let me tell you something, Mr. Sullivan.
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Do you care to know why I'm in this chair with you all?
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I mean, why I earn the big bucks?
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Yes.
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I'm here for one reason and one reason alone.
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I'm here to guess what the music might do a week, a month, a year from now.
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That's it.
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Nothing more. And standing here tonight...
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I'm afraid that I don't hear a thing.
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Just...
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silence.
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So, now that we know the music has stopped, what can we do about it?
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Mr. Cohen, Ms. Robertson, I'm afraid I think this is where you're supposed to step back in.
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Lord knows we've relied enough on Mr. Sullivan tonight.
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What do you have for us?
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What have I told you since the first day you stepped into my office?
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There are three ways to make a living in this business.
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Be first, be smarter, or cheat.
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Now, I don't cheat.
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And although I like to think we have some pretty smart people in this building, It sure is a hell of a lot easier to just be first.
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Sell it all today.
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Is that even possible, Sam?
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Yes, but at what cost?
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I'll have to pay.
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Really?
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I think so.
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Where is this gonna come back to us?
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Everywhere.
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Sam, I don't think you seem to understand what your boy here has just said.
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If I made you, how would you do this?
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Well, you call the traders in for the normal 6 .30 meeting, and you be honest with them, because they're gonna know it's the end either way.
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So you're gonna have to throw them a bone and a pretty big one.
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and then you've got to come out of the gate storming.
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No swaps, no nothing.
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40 % done by 10 .15.
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By 11 o 'clock, all your trades have to be gone because by lunchtime, word's going to be out and by 2 o 'clock, you're going to be selling at 65 cents on the dollar if you're lucky.
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And then the Feds are going to be in here up your ass trying to slow you down.
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Ramesh.
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They can slow you down.
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They can't stop you.
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It's yours to sell.
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But, John, even if we manage to pull that off, and that's saying something, the real question is,
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who are we selling this to?
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The same people we've been selling it to for the last two years, and whoever else will buy it.
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But, John, if you do this, you will kill the market for years.
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It's over.
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And you're selling something that you know has no value.
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We are selling to willing buyers at the current fair market price so that we may survive.
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You will never sell anything to any of those people ever again.
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I understand. Do you? Do you?
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This is it.
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I'm telling you, this is it.
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Now it's four o 'clock.
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Jared, you got till five to break this down and draw me up a plan.
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Is there anybody else who knows what's in here at the moment, block by block?
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Eric Dale. And where is he?
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As of today, he's no longer with the firm.
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We have been trying to locate him.
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Carmelo.
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Yes.
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Get me Eric Dale here by six, then.
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It's done.
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We meet back here in an hour.
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Sam, let's talk.

Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này

Video này có 123 câu và 1184 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 9:19. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 127 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 86% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.

Từ vựng quan trọng trong video

15 từ ít gặp trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:

  • cheat /ˈt͡ʃiːt/ (động từ) — gian lận, bịp. To violate rules in order to gain, or attempt to gain, advantage from a situation.
  • earn /ɝn/ (động từ) — kiếm. To gain (success, reward, recognition) through applied effort or work.
  • bone /boʊn/ (danh từ) — chất xương, xương. A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
  • gate /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ (danh từ) — cổng. A doorlike structure outside a house.
  • package /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/ (danh từ) — kiện hàng, gói. Something which is packed, a parcel, a box, an envelope.
  • silence /ˈsaɪ̯ləns/ (danh từ) — sự yên lặng. The absence of any sound.
  • compare /kəmˈpɛɚ/ (động từ) — so sánh, so. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things [“to compare X with Y”]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it…
  • plain /pleɪn/ (danh từ) — đồng bằng, bình nguyên. An expanse of land with relatively low relief and few trees, especially a grassy expanse.
  • worker /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ (danh từ) — công nhân. One who works: a person who performs labor for a living; traditionally, especially, manual labor.
  • layer /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ (danh từ) — lớp. A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
  • mortgage /ˈmoɹ.ɡɪd͡ʒ/ (danh từ) — quyền cầm cố. A legal agreement in which a borrower pledges real property as collateral for a loan used to purchase or refinance that property.
  • drag /dɹæɡ/ (động từ) — kéo. To pull along a surface or through a medium, sometimes with difficulty.
  • rely /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ (động từ) — tin cậy, dựa vào. To trust; to have confidence in; to depend.
  • scenario /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ (danh từ) — trường hợp, kịch bản. An outline or model of an expected or supposed sequence of events.
  • classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ (danh từ) — sự phân loại. The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.

Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe

  • go on /ˈɡoʊˌɒn/ (động từ) — tiếp tục. To continue in extent.
  • sit down (động từ) — ngồi xuống, ngồi. To assume a sitting position from a standing position.
  • stand up (động từ) — đứng dậy. To rise from a lying or sitting position.

Phát âm cần chú ý

Người nói dùng 39 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ I'm, you're, don't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.

  • Âm “sh” và “zh”: essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, capitalization /ˌkæpɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
  • Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, considerable /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/, classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

Cách luyện với video này

  1. Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
  2. Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
  3. Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như cheat, earn, bone.

Ngữ pháp trong video

Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:

Cấu trúcTrong video
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn have/has been + -ing — việc bắt đầu từ trước và vẫn đang tiếp tụcwe've been selling · have been trying
Câu điều kiện if + mệnh đề, will/would + động từ — điều kiện và kết quảIf I made you, how would you · if you do this, you will kill
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tạiI've been told · has begun · has been
Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làmI've been told · have been addressed · be left

Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?

Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.

Phương pháp shadowing: đọc hướng dẫn từng bước đầy đủ →