Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: PCBs | Electronic Goods Reliability Testing
Đang tạo bài học...
1
Welcome to this next video in the series for PCBs.
2
Here we're going to be looking at electronic goods and the reliability testing.
3
Let's start with reliability and durability.
4
New product development is a complex process and takes time and a key step in the processes
5
testing your product for reliability and durability.
6
The main reason for reliability testing is to find out what the performance is over a long period of time.
7
Reliability test results may be categorized using the bathtub curve shown on the right here.
8
The bathtub curve shows the decreasing failure rate during the early infant mortality days of the product,
9
leading to the normal life of product population and finally the onset of the end-of-life wear out.
10
You can see here the decreasing failure rate section, the constant failure rate and the increasing failure rate.
11
The blue curve is the bathtub shape.
12
Let's switch over to temperature and humidity.
13
Temperature and humidity testing determines
14
how a system behaves in extreme conditions where the product is operated in high and low temperatures
15
as well as cycling the temperature between high and low.
16
Among other things, temperature
17
and humidity test studies the effects of climate changes on electronic components such as failures due to parameter shifts,
18
mechanical failures due to rapid water or frost formation, optical failures as in fogging,
19
water tightness in packaging and looking at the failures,
20
and material degradation or epoxy coatings etc and much more.
21
The table on the right here shows an example of shipping
22
environmental tests where it goes from step one to five and the humidity and temperature starts at low,
23
raising to high and then back down to low again.
24
On the right hand side it shows the duration for each of these tests.
25
RH just stands for relative humidity.
26
Vibration testing.
27
The applications of vibration testing form a major part of quality assurance for everything from printed circuit boards to completed products.
28
With specifically designed equipment such as mechanical,
29
electro-hydraulic and electromagnetic shakers, test samples are typically subjected to varying degrees of controlled vibration stresses.
30
Products are vibration tested to determine limits and tolerances.
31
Every product is vulnerable to vibration loads and potential breakage or failure.
32
You can see here, typical vibration test machine.
33
Mechanical shock testing.
34
The ability to withstand mechanical shock is both a key design consideration
35
and an important selling point for certain types of consumer goods.
36
For this reason, a dynamic mechanical analysis is a required component of quality control and product testing.
37
A shock test will measure the impact of sudden acceleration or de-acceleration using precise tools such as strain gauges,
38
load cells, and piezo sensors.
39
Here we can see a mechanical shock testing equipment and the setup.
40
Now I want to talk about the highly exaggerated life test or the HALT process.
41
HALT is applied to the initial product testing stages prior to production
42
and its primary objective is to highlight failure modes
43
and weaknesses in the design so the design can be modified and improved to eliminate any weaknesses found.
44
In HALT, temperature and vibration stress conditions
45
are used during product development to find weak spots in the product design and its planned fabrication processes.
46
Other test stimuli may include humidity, thermal cycling, burn-in for a specified period of time,
47
overvoltage, voltage cycling and anything else that could logically expose defects.
48
This test requires only a few units and a short testing period to identify the fundamental limits of the technology being used.
49
Generally every weak point must be identified and fixed or redesigned if it does not meet the product's specified limits.
50
This is a typical flow process for the whole process.
51
We can see at the top here we've got start we
52
then drop down into the first test cycle here we're looking at temperature operation limits with voltage limits.
53
We can see then if we've got the decision point, failure occurs or not.
54
If it does not occur, then it just drops into the next test cycle.
55
And here we've got the thermal cycle.
56
And again, the decision point there, if it does not fail, it completes the cycle with a vibration test.
57
If however, at any point during these tests,
58
the failure does occur, then you can see it drops down to the bottom, leading the requirement to analyze what that root cause was,
59
then moving into manufacturing process improvements, improvements from the design features,
60
improved component choice etc and then coming back through that complete cycle until everything has passed this process.
61
Next let's have a look at the highly accelerated stress screening or HAS.
62
HAS is implemented at the production stage where the production samples
63
are subjected to stress testing beyond the product specification limits but not up to the extreme levels used in the HALT test.
64
The objective of HAS is to ensure products from production meet the life expectancy without showing any signs of failure modes.
65
Early production failures on a new product are often attributed to
66
variability within the manufacturing process therefore identifying these potential production failure
67
modes as early as possible is paramount to the success of a product launch and this is where has comes into play.
68
A random set of production items will be selected for the production line
69
and then placed under different stress tests that can highlight production faults
70
that are not only obvious but will also identify any of the latent faults that are not detectable in normal production testing.
71
This reliability screening allows potential faults to be identified that are normally associated with early production failure in the field.
72
This provides the engineering team to work on corrective actions
73
and process improvements thus creating a more robust and reliable product that would otherwise lead to potential product failures for the customer.
74
In summary, this process is ideally suited to all electronic
75
and electromechanical assemblies so that a more reliable and robust product can be released into the marketplace.
76
Let's have a look at a quick graph for HAS.
77
On the extreme ends of the graph we have the lower and upper destruction limits.
78
The next set of limits in are the lower operational and the upper operational limits.
79
In the center here we have the has section and the production specification limits.
80
We can see that the manufacturing defects removed by the has testing highlighted in red.
81
This is the objective of the has testing to remove these poor products.
82
Let's have a look at the HALT and the has summary with a timeline.
83
We can see in In the table, across the top we have the typical test profile for both HALT and HALT,
84
the defects being addressed, development phase being applied and the stress levels.
85
From a timing point of view across the bottom, the HALT test is clearly shown in the design phase,
86
whereas the HALT test is highlighted at the end of the manufacturing phase.
87
The importance of product reliability.
88
You never get a second chance to make a first impression.
89
So making sure your products are reliable before you bring them to market can prevent problems that can doom your business.
90
Understanding some of the basic benefits of reliability testing will help
91
you make sure you're ready to sell with minimal problems from day one.
92
Making sure your product is reliable can also help you spot design
93
and production flaws that can cause failure and potential injuries to users.
94
Just one successful lawsuit can put you out of business.
95
Remember, put reliability first.
96
Don't forget to check out our other videos in this series
97
and you can contact us if you need any help with your projects at all in China.
98
Don't forget to like, share and subscribe to our channel.
99
For more information you can always visit our website and go to the solutions page.
100
Thanks for listening, my name is Paul Adams from South East and I shall see you in the next video.
📺 Cùng kênh
C17
What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly (Part 2)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Sofeast PCB Video Series Introduction
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
DFM And DFA Explained
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly (Part 3)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
PCB Inspection Methods & Common PCB Defects
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
NPI Process 1: Why A Pilot Run Before Mass Production Is Very Useful
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly (Part 1)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2BONUS: Should we do PCB or enclosure design first? (Feat Andrew Amirnovin)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2What are PCBs and PCBAs? The 'PCB basics'
University StudentsWorking Adults
B1Don’t Approve a Product Until You’ve Lived With It
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B1The Product Passed the Safety Test, But Was Still Too Hot to Hold
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B2The Product Worked, But the Packaging Made It Look Dead
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B2Why User Experience Is Harder Than Engineering
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14 NPI Tips Before You Move Into Mass Production
Business EnglishWorking Adults
C1The Production Validation Test (PVT) Phase of the NPI Process
Business EnglishWorking Adults
C1The Three NPI Phases Explained
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1When Can The NPI Process Begin?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1NPI Process #3: Why A Feasibility Study With Suppliers Saves Time & Prevents Issues
Business EnglishWorking Adults
C1NPI Process 2: New Product Development Process (Why Planning Before Prototyping Saves Time)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ Video gợi ý
C12
18 câu
SD91: Reliability vs Scalability
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
119 câu
How to Write Test Cases for Manual Testing?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
28 câu
Comparing Low Voltage Vs. Medium Voltage Equipment on Solar Sites
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C124 câu
We Are AmSpec Group
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
84 câu
What is the 8D report? (problem solving tools)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
162 câu
Introduction to PLC | Siemens PLC Training Course
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C167 câu
The Ultimate IoT Roadmap in 2026? | Embedded Systems & IoT Career Roadmap
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
43 câu
SDLC Vs STLC: Software Development Life Cycle and Software Testing Life Cycle
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
106 câu
EDFR GWO BTT Training Center - Nicolas Riou Wind
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
362 câu
Celpip Listening Mock Test - 1 | Celpip Listening Test Practice With Answers - 2026
TOEFL PrepTOEIC PrepBusiness English
Ấn Tượng Đầu Tiên
Video này cung cấp một cái nhìn sâu sắc về quy trình kiểm tra độ tin cậy của hàng điện tử, điều này rất hữu ích cho những ai đang học tiếng Anh. Nội dung rõ ràng và dễ hiểu, đặc biệt là khi đề cập đến các khái niệm như "reliability testing" (kiểm tra độ tin cậy) và "bathtub curve" (đường cong bồn tắm). Đây là một tài liệu luyện nói tiếng Anh rất tốt, giúp bạn cải thiện kỹ năng phát âm tiếng Anh chuẩn.
Phân Tích Câu Nói
Cùng xem xét một số câu từ video để hiểu rõ hơn cách nói tự nhiên và hiệu quả:
- "Reliability testing is to find out what the performance is over a long period of time." – Câu này sử dụng cấu trúc đơn giản nhưng súc tích, giúp người nghe dễ dàng nắm bắt thông tin cốt lõi.
- "Temperature and humidity testing determines how a system behaves in extreme conditions." – Phần này không chỉ cung cấp thông tin mà còn tạo cảm giác hồi hộp, khiến người xem muốn tìm hiểu thêm.
- "Mechanical shock testing is a key design consideration." – Câu này sử dụng thuật ngữ chuyên ngành, giúp người học làm quen với từ vựng trong lĩnh vực điện tử.
Thói Quen Luyện Tập
Để cải thiện kỹ năng nói của bạn, hãy thực hành theo quy trình đơn giản sau:
- Chọn một câu trong video mà bạn thích.
- Nghe và lặp lại từng phần của câu. Hãy chú ý đến ngữ điệu và nhịp điệu.
- Ghi âm lại giọng nói của bạn khi đang lặp lại câu đó.
- So sánh giọng nói của bạn với giọng của người nói trong video để nhận diện các điểm cần cải thiện.
Thực hiện thói quen này thường xuyên sẽ giúp bạn tự tin hơn khi nói tiếng Anh và nâng cao khả năng phát âm tiếng Anh chuẩn.
Hãy nhớ rằng việc luyện nói tiếng Anh không chỉ là về ngữ pháp hay từ vựng, mà còn là về cảm nhận và phát âm đúng. Hãy sử dụng các phần mềm shadowing hay shadow speech để hỗ trợ quá trình luyện tập của bạn nhé!
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.