跟讀練習: Brian Cox School Experiments: plastics – industry video - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Plastics can get into the environment from many sources where they can break down and cause pollution.

But plastic packaging is also a huge issue.

They can enter the oceans and rivers and damage ecosystems.

Catherine Conway is the director of Unpackaged, a company focused on a future without the need for single-use plastic packaging.

They're exploring ways that people can buy products in supermarkets or takeaways in reusable packaging, packaging, which then gets washed and reused again and again.

Unpackaged has worked for nearly 17 years, trying to move from single use to reusable packaging.

We are trying to tackle the problem of single use packaging waste, mainly single use plastic packaging waste.

We work mainly with supermarkets as well as hospitality, so restaurants, events.

And what we try and do is help them move from single use systems to reuse systems.

So we work with businesses to create change.

But another thing that needs to change is actually government policy, so the laws and the regulations around single-use packaging.

So we work with the government to help them come out with better laws to support the development of reusable packaging.

Currently, the packaging system is linear, so we extract fossil fuels, oil, we turn it into plastics, we turn it into short-life products, and then it goes to waste management.

Plastic is a material that will live for hundreds, if not thousands, of years,

and it makes no sense to use this really valuable resource for a short-lived item such as packaging.

What we're trying to create is the circular economy.

The circular economy imagines cycles, so we turn packaging into reusable packaging and use it over and over again.

Reusable plastic packaging is currently more expensive than single-use plastics, making the transition to a circular economy more difficult.

So the challenge that we face is that plastic packaging is extremely cheap.

The reason it's so cheap is because it's actually very resource efficient so it's a great material, we just shouldn't use it for single-use items.

Another reason that plastic packaging is so cheap is because the problems that it causes, whether that's pollution in the oceans,

pollution on land, human health impacts, isn't factored into the price that businesses are paying for it.

We're trying to develop reusable systems and actually that adds more cost into it.

Another problem we face is that we're all very used to buying products in single use, so it's very easy, we grab something off a shelf, we use it, we throw it away away.

To move from single use to reusable packaging we need consumers to shop differently.

So instead of just taking something off a shelf using it

and throwing it away we may need to bring a container to fill up

or we might need to take a bottle back to get a deposit back.

So the challenge that we face is how we almost re-educate customers to do things differently.

Reusable packaging needs to be washed and cleaned

so today we're here in a new wash station that's being

developed to be to be able to clean this new reusable packaging.

So once these containers have been washed and dried, they're sent back to the manufacturers.

So for example, a cornflake producer, where they get filled and sent back out to store again.

What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in sustainable packaging?

The skills we need in this industry revolve around design thinking and creativity, so we can come up with new solutions to problems.

We need people who can analyse data and understand that the solutions are the right solutions.

We also need really good project managers who can get really difficult, complex projects off the ground.

The area we work in, which is circular economy and reusable packaging, is actually very new. So there's

so many new solutions coming out every year year actually we

don't really know what the jobs are of the future

so young people can keep a real open mind about where they might go.

I studied languages so it was a complete career shift to go into plastics and packaging.

Really young people need to learn the basics so maths, English, science but really then they can specialise after school into specific areas

which might be engineering or design that would really help our sector.

Young people really care about the environment there's

so many opportunities in our sector for people to come in

and use their skills to make the world a better place

can you envisage your future without single-use plastics we have to envisage a future without single-use plastics

because we're simply consuming too many resources for the planet to

be able to cope with the way we're going to get

there is through innovation in terms of packaging we need a mix of solutions

so some of the solutions will be taking the packaging off

and consuming things loose some of it will be reusable packaging where we use uh probably mainly plastics uh

but in reusable uh circles so they get reused again

and again and again and then we will still probably have some single-use plastics

but we have to really sort out our recycling so

that it's they're managed properly at the end of life

and what will drive that

that change will it will it be government regulation will it be consumer pressure will it be the industry itself

so the change is Consumers don't want this.

You know, nobody wants to feel bad about the waste

that they're putting in their bins just because they've bought something from a supermarket.

But really what we need is supportive government regulation, which will allow industry to all change at the same time.

If you're talking about system change from single use to reuse, then we need new systems,

new processes, new infrastructure, and actually industry needs to move together and regulation can help that.

So what be the change that we would see as consumers

so i think there'll be two changes i think we'll get

a lot more used to carrying packaging around with us

so at the minute people are really happy to carry around water bottles coffee cups

so there might be a bit more of that

so you might take your packaging down to a shop to fill something up

but also you'll get used to returning things

so whilst you might get a delivery now uh to your door you'll get used to putting it back out but

if you remember this is how we used to do things

we used to have a milkman we used to put milk bottles back out

so it's really just the return that we'll have to get used to

when would you like to see that happen and

when do you think it will happen i think i'd like to see it happen yesterday

but recognizing the fact

that it takes industry time to be able to develop these new systems we probably need regulation

that comes in for 2027 2030 and 2040 and

that will give industry the amount of time

that it needs to make the changes once you've got those

systems working at scale it should become cheaper for the consumer

and more cost effective for the business so everybody wins

and especially in the modern world material prices are very volatile

so actually it's it's up to business to try

and control those costs a bit better

and reusable packaging is one of the ways to do that well thank you catherine pleasure

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 90 個句子、1276 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 6:28。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 197 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個不太常見的單詞，附發音和釋義：

package /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/ (名詞) — 包裹, 包. Something which is packed, a parcel, a box, an envelope.
regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/ (名詞) — 規則 /規則, 規例 /規例. The act of regulating or the condition of being regulated.
circular /ˈsɜɹ.kjə.ləɹ/ (形容詞) — 圓 /圓. Of or relating to a circle.
wash /wɑʃ/ (動詞) — 洗, 洗滌 /洗滌. To clean with water.
skill /skɪl/ (名詞) — 技巧, 技能. A capacity to do something well; a technique, an ability, usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities that are regarded as innate.
resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (名詞) — 資源 /資源. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
pollution /pəˈluʃən/ (名詞) — 汙染. Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc.
supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/ (名詞) — 超級市場 /超級市場, 超市. A large self-service store that sells groceries and, usually, medications, household goods, and/or clothing.
container /kənˈteɪ.nəɹ/ (名詞) — 容器. An item in which objects, materials or data can be stored or transported.
shelf /ʃɛlf/ (名詞) — 架子. A flat, rigid structure, fixed at right angles to a wall or forming a part of a cabinet, desk, etc., and used to display, store, or support objects.
consume /kənˈsum/ (動詞) — 耗費 /耗費, 消耗. To use up.
infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/ (名詞) — 基礎設施 /基礎設施. An underlying base or foundation for a building, organization, or system.
transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/ (名詞) — 過渡 /過渡, 轉變 /轉變. The process of change from one form, state, style or place to another.
producer /pɹəˈdjuːsə/ (名詞) — 製作者 /製作者. An individual or organization that creates goods and services.
efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ (形容詞) — 高效率. Making good, thorough, or careful use of resources; not consuming extra. Especially, making good use of time or energy.

影片中出現的短語動詞

break down (動詞) — 壞了 /壞了, 出故障. To stop functioning.
come out /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ (動詞) — 出, 出來 /出來. To be discovered; to be revealed.
come up with (動詞) — 想出, 提出. To manage to produce, deliver, or present (something) by inventing, creating, thinking of, or obtaining it.
fill up (動詞) — 裝滿 /裝滿. To make (something) completely full.
put in (動詞) — 投入, 插入. To place inside.

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 23 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 we're, they're, don't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, shelf /ʃɛlf/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 package, regulation, circular 這類單詞。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
“used to” used to + 動詞 — 過去的習慣或狀態，現在已不再如此	used to do · used to have
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	isn't factored · be washed · have been washed
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has worked · have been washed · they've bought
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	people who can · regulation, which will

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Brian Cox School Experiments: plastics – industry video - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

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