跟讀練習: Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 3 Lecture with Powerpoint - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。

89 句

如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。

Hello everyone.

Today we're going to study an interesting topic in psychology.

Phobias.

We'll first learn about types of phobias and then the causes of phobias and the treatment of phobias.

But first, Let's get the definition clear.

A phobia is a fear.

Yes, but a phobia isn't a normal fear It's an extreme fear.

It's basically a very strong, very focused fear.

There are two main kinds of phobias.

One is a specific phobia, like the fear of a dog, and the second type is a situational phobia, like the fear of public speaking.

An important thing to remember: we all have some fears.

That's natural.

But a phobia is much stronger.

Okay.

Sometimes it can be so constant or it can be so serious that it interferes with a person's life.

then some kind of treatment may be necessary.

For example, One of my clients, I'll call her Maria, She used to have a phobia of elevators, So a situational phobia.

She couldn't ride in an elevator without being terrified.

Sometimes she would panic and start breathing fast as soon as she got into an elevator.

- Yes.

After a while, she refused to ride in any elevators at all.

Even if she had to walk up 20 flights of stairs, she would do just that.

in order to avoid being in an elevator.

Her life was changed by the phobia Alright, so we have a basic definition of a phobia an extreme fear,

and one that interferes with the person's life.

Okay, now let's go a little deeper into our definition of phobia here.

Psychologists have come up with three characteristics of a phobia.

These characteristics help us to understand the difference between a phobia, and a normal fear.

First, a phobia isn't a rational response.

It's a very strong reaction too strong for the situation.

For my patient Maria, who was afraid of elevators,

this meant that she had a very strong physical reaction if someone even asked her to get onto an elevator.

She'd start sweating and shaking.

Not a rational response.

The second characteristic is this: The duration is long.

A phobia often lasts for a long time.

It may last several years or even a person's whole life.

And third, the reaction is too strong for the person to control.

For example, for Maria, even though when she told herself not to be afraid to ride in the elevator, It didn't help.

She still felt very scared no matter what she did.

Her fear was uncontrollable.

Okay, so those are the three characteristics of a phobia.

it's, an irrational response, it's long -lasting, and it's uncontrollable.

Now, let's spend a minute going over some types of common phobias.

It's important to understand that phobias are classified by the thing or situation that the person fears.

Greek or Latin names are usually used to describe the fear.

So here are some examples.

Hypno.

H -Y -P -N -O means sleep.

So fear of sleep is Hypnophobia.

Sino means dog, so a fear of dogs is Sinophobia.

Maria's phobia is known as claustrophobia, a fear of being in closed places.

That's C -L -A -U, S -T -R -O.

A very common phobia, I might add.

Now to the causes of phobias.

One theory is that a phobia is learned.

This means that something happens that causes somebody to feel afraid.

For example, someone could have learned to be afraid of dogs

if he were attacked and injured by a dog as a child.

This is an example of direct learning.

People can also learn to have phobias indirectly by watching how other people react.

For example, let's imagine a young man.

We'll call him David.

David's mother had always been afraid of dogs.

Whenever David and his mother were together and they saw a dog, his mother would get very scared, even panicked.

When David saw how his mother reacted, he became very scared too.

He developed the same phobia, Sinophobia from watching his mother.

In fact, psychologists find that phobias tend to run in families, that is, they tend to be learned in the same way among family members.

The second theory about how phobias develop is the association theory.

The theory says that a phobia is usually the result of a trauma or difficult experience that occurred in childhood.

In other words, an adult associates a particular object or situation with a past trauma.

For example, one of my patients was very afraid of the dark.

After some therapy sessions, we discovered that his father used to put him in a closet as punishment when he was young.

Now this man associates being in the dark with his terrible childhood experience.

So, those are the two theories.

One, that a phobia can be learned.

and two, that a phobia is caused by an association with an unpleasant memory or event from our past.

Well, there's hope here.

We have treatments for phobias.

And what do you think these treatments are?

Well, first, psychologists know that if a phobia has been learned, it can usually be unlearned.

In other words, a person can learn how to change a certain behavior.

This unlearning is usually done step by step so that a person will gradually lose their deep fear.

And second, if a phobia is a sign of a deeper psychological problem, then the psychologist can help the patient to become aware of this deeper problem.

That awareness can lead to getting rid of the phobia for good.

- Thank you.

Well, that's enough for now.

Are there any questions?

Any questions at all?

下載應用

流利口語所需的一切

AI 發音評分逐句打分

音標練習掌握每個音

詞彙學習建立你的詞庫

詞彙遊戲邊玩邊學

掃碼

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

同頻道

FOR YOU

為什麼要通過這個影片練習口語？

通過本影片的學習，您將深入瞭解心理學領域中的一個有趣主題——恐懼症。這個影片不僅提供了豐富的資訊，還為您創造了練習英語口語的絕佳機會。通過模仿影片中的發音和語調，您可以提升自己的英語表達能力和流利度。這種方法被稱為shadowing，即“影子講話”，它可以幫助您提高英語發音，以及增強理解和記憶能力。在日常對話中，瞭解恐懼症的相關表達也會讓您在特定場合下更自信地交流。

語法與表達的語境

本影片中使用了一些關鍵的表達和語法結構，這些都是學習者需要掌握的。以下是幾個例子：

“A phobia is a fear.” - 這個簡單的句子展示了定義類句子的結構，能夠幫助您在描述事物時更加清晰。
“Sometimes it can be so constant or it can be so serious...” - 這裡展示了條件句的使用，您可以在表達可能性時運用類似的結構。
“Her life was changed by the phobia.” - 這個句子使用了被動語態，是描述事情發生的好例子，可以幫助您理解如何強調動作的承受者。
“the reaction is too strong for the person to control.” - 在表達情感和反應時，可以運用這種較複雜的句子結構，提高語法水平。

常見的發音陷阱

在影片中，有一些發音和重音值得注意，學習者可能會在模仿時遇到困難。例如：

“phobia” - 這個詞的重音在首音節，確保在發音時保持清晰，尤其是在快速對話中。
“situational” - 注意發音的連讀，這樣可以使您的口語更自然、更流暢。
“irrational” - 要確保這個詞中的雙音節正確發出，避免因為發音不準確影響溝通。

通過不斷練習這些詞彙，您將能夠有效地提高自己的英語發音水平，達到更好的交流效果。結合shadowing site的練習，您可以在日常生活中自信地使用英語。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
“used to” used to + 動詞 — 過去的習慣或狀態，現在已不再如此	used to have · used to put
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	was changed · are classified · is known
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	have come · has been learned

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 3 Lecture with Powerpoint - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

下載應用

同頻道

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 8 Lecture with Powerpoint

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 1 Lecture with Powerpoint

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 6 Lecture with Powerpoint

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 5 Lecture with Powerpoint

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 2 Lecture with Powerpoint

推薦影片

Phobia, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.

SEtalk: Procrastination Isn't About Laziness

Photic sneezing: IELTS LISTENING Vol 4 Test 4 Section 4 (IELTS Listening Recent Actual Test)

Fear of Forgetting

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 9 PUBLIC HEALTH Global epidemic

Intro to Psychology: Crash Course Psychology #1

Vol 3 - test 4 - section 4

An introduction to a lecture

Learn Advanced English Vocabulary - "Fear" English Words, C-1 [Lesson #14]

Psychology Learn English via Listening Level 3 Unit 2

為什麼要通過這個影片練習口語？

語法與表達的語境

常見的發音陷阱

影片中的語法

什麼是跟讀法？