跟讀練習: Incoterms 2020 Explained [Complete Guide] - 通過影片學習英語口語
選擇練習模式
每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。
119 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
Hi, in this video, we'll take a look at Incoterms 2020, what they mean, their application, and the benefits of using them.
2
So, make sure to watch the full video if you are new exporters.
3
We've got a lot to cover in today's video, so let's get started.
4
So, what are Incoterms, and who made them?
5
Incoterms are referred to as International Commercial Terms.
6
Incoterms defines the risk and responsibility of a shipment between the buyer and the seller.
7
Incoterms were developed by the International Chambers of Commerce.
8
So why do we use Incoterms?
9
Incoterms holds a universal meaning around the world.
10
People use Incoterms to avoid misunderstandings in foreign trade contracts by clarifying the tasks, costs and risks.
11
How to use Incoterms?
12
If parties want Incoterm 2020 rules to apply to their contract, the safest way is to clearly mention it in the contract.
13
For example, CIF, Hong Kong Incoterms 2020.
14
ICC grouped the Incoterms 2020 into two categories.
15
Number 1, rules for any modes of transport.
16
And number 2, rules for sea and inland waterways transport.
17
In the first group, we have 7 Incoterms.
18
We have created an easy to understand chart that displays Incoterms 2020.
19
The left side of the chart displays the different types of Incoterms beginning from top to bottom.
20
The top side of the chart displays the different obligations
21
and charges and displays which are covered by the seller and which are covered by the buyer.
22
The blue points to the sellers and the yellow points to the buyer.
23
So, let's start at the first Incoterm, EXW, which means X -Works or X -Warehouse.
24
In X -Works, the seller is only responsible for ensuring
25
that the cargo is packaged so it is ready for export and the goods can be collected from their location.
26
The risk or liability for the goods transfers to the buyer when the goods are made available at the agreed -upon place.
27
The buyer bears all risks and costs once they collect the goods from the seller's location.
28
By applying this rule, the buyer and the seller do not have to make an insurance contract.
29
Now it's time for Incoterm number 2, FCA, which means free carrier.
30
In FCA, the seller is responsible for the export clearance
31
and the delivery of goods to the carrier at the named
32
place of delivery the incoterms 2020 fca has two possible delivery locations number one
33
if the place of delivery is at the seller's premises the seller must load the goods number two
34
if the delivery takes place in a different location the seller is not responsible for unloading
35
when the goods have been delivered by the seller to the
36
selected location the risk transfers to the buyer the buyer is responsible for paying the price of goods and all
37
that transportation fees from the seller's place to the buyer's selected
38
place in fca it becomes the buyer's responsibility to determine if they would like to obtain an insurance policy
39
moving right along to incoterm number three cpt cpt also known
40
as carriage paid two in a cpt incoterm the seller is responsible for clearing the goods for export
41
and delivering the goods to the name place of destination with
42
the transportation fees the risk is transferred from the seller to
43
the buyer as soon as the goods are delivered to the first carrier even if there are multiple transportations.
44
The buyer is only responsible for import requirements and local delivery and unloading charges.
45
The seller is not responsible for any damages
46
if the buyer has not insured the products because the goods have already been transferred to the first carrier.
47
Without further ado, let's start things off with Incoterm number 4, CIP.
48
The CIP stands for carriage and insurance paid to.
49
In CIP, the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the destination, the cost of international freight, as well as insurance fees and charges.
50
CIP is also very similar to CPT.
51
Except that with CIP, the seller is also responsible for arranging main carriage insurance
52
and let's dive right into Incoterm number five DAP.
53
The DAP means delivered at place.
54
Under the DAP, the seller is responsible for all costs
55
and risks associated with the delivery of the goods to the final destination, usually the buyer's premises.
56
The risk transfers from seller to buyer when the goods are available for unloading.
57
The buyer is then responsible for unloading the goods at the end destination.
58
In DAP, both parties are not obligated to make a contract of insurance, but it is recommended.
59
With that, it's time for our sixth Incoterm, DPU.
60
DPU stands for Delivered at Place Unloaded.
61
In DPU, the seller is responsible for all costs and risks until the goods are delivered to named destination place,
62
which is usually close to the buyer.
63
DPU is the only Incoterm's rule that requires the seller to unload goods at the place of destination.
64
The risk transfers from seller to buyer at the place of unloading.
65
The buyer is responsible for import clearance procedures, and both parties are not obligated to obtain an insurance policy, but it is recommended.
66
Moving right along to Incoterm number 7, DDP, which means delivery duty paid.
67
As per the shipping terms under DDP, the seller bears all costs and risks involved in delivering the goods to the selected place.
68
It is also the only term where the seller is liable for import custom fees.
69
The risk transfers from the seller to buyer at the place of unloading.
70
The buyer is then responsible for unloading the goods at the end destination.
71
There is no obligation to insure the goods.
72
The seller is not obligated to insure the goods for pre -carriage or main carriage.
73
With that, we have completed our first category of Incoterms, and now, it's time for Category 2, Rules for Sea and Inland Waterways Transport.
74
Our first Incoterm is FAS.
75
FAS stands for Free Alongside Ship.
76
In FAS, the seller is liable and responsible for all the procedures in their country, up until the goods are alongside the ship or the terminal warehouse.
77
FAS indicates that the risk transfers to the buyer when the goods are placed alongside the ship.
78
The buyer is responsible for loading the freight onto the vessel as well as handling selling local carriage, discharge, import formalities and duties,
79
and onward carriage to the final destination.
80
Insurance is not a stipulated requirement under FAS, however, it is a common practice for both buyer
81
and seller to get insurance coverage of the cargo's journey they are each responsible for.
82
Now it's time for Incoterm number 2, FOB.
83
FOB is also known as free on board.
84
In FOB, the seller clears the goods for export and ensures
85
that they are delivered to and loaded onto the vessel for transport at the named port of departure.
86
The risk transfers from the seller to the buyer
87
when the goods are onboard the vessel and the buyer bears costs from that point forward.
88
The buyer arranges all the other stages to the cargo's ultimate destination.
89
Insurance coverage isn't mandatory under the FOB Incoterm.
90
However, it is common practice to obtain insurance.
91
This may be done by the buyer, seller, or both to cover the entire ocean freight journey or their respective responsibilities.
92
With that, it's time for our third incoterm, CFR.
93
CFR stands for Cost and Freight.
94
The CFR incoterm is an incoterm that is exclusive to ocean freight shipping.
95
In CFR, the seller is not only responsible for delivering the goods to the port specified by the buyer
96
but also bears the transportation costs of the goods to the destination port.
97
The risk passes from seller to buyer when the seller delivers the goods on board the ship.
98
The buyer is responsible for paying all the additional transport fees from the port of destination including import clearance and duties.
99
The seller is not responsible for procuring marine insurance against the risk of loss or damage to the cargo during transit it.
100
And now it's time for our last incoterm, CIF, that stands for Cost,
101
Insurance and Freight Agreement, with the seller holding responsible for all three.
102
In CIF terms, the seller clears the goods at origin, places the cargo on board, and pays for insurance until the port of discharge at the minimum coverage.
103
The risk is transferred to the buyer at the time the goods are on board.
104
board the vessel for the main carriage.
105
However, they don't take on any costs until the freight arrives at the named port of destination.
106
In CIF, the seller is obligated to take out the minimum level of insurance coverage for the buyer's risk.
107
We have completed all incoterms, now you can decide which one is the best for you.
108
I get a lot of questions from the new exporters, like, for example, which incoterm is the best for new exporters?
109
Well, there is no best incoterm, it all depends on the requirements of the buyer and the seller.
110
In my opinion, these are some of the best incoterms for new exporters, FOB, CFR, and FCA.
111
If you learned something new from today's video, make sure to subscribe to our YouTube channel right now.
112
Just click on the button below this video.
113
And if you want exclusive import -export training that I only share with subscribers,
114
Head over to USAXMClub .com that is USAXMClub .com and sign up for our newsletter.
115
It's free.
116
Now, I want to turn it over to you.
117
Which and co -term from this video are you going to use?
118
Let me know by leaving a comment below right now.
119
Thanks and good day.
FOR YOU
推薦影片
B21
95 句
How to Start Import Export Business Step by Step in 2026
Business EnglishWorking Adults
C11
99 句
FIDIC Yellow Book 2017 Explained #construction #civilengineering #quantitysurveyor
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B21
43 句
Introducing: Company Knowledge
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B215 句
Học từ vựng tiếng Anh ngành May mặc cùng các Shark | Ms Hoa TOEIC
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B25
14 句
Amazon FBA Check-In Explained (And Where Time Gets Lost)
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B11
25 句
Illustrated Phrasal Verbs 19 - Topic: Business
Business EnglishWorking Adults
C12
99 句
Flow of Master B/L of Ocean Freight Forwarding by Container. Explained S/I and B/L Instruction.
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B1365 句
English for Logistics Audio CD Oxford Business English | SpeakAble | English for Logistic NSTRU
Business EnglishWorking Adults
![Intro To TTrades Fractal Model [Indicator & Settings]](https://img.youtube.com/vi/CqMIh-Vvhbg/mqdefault.jpg)
C11
245 句
Intro To TTrades Fractal Model [Indicator & Settings]
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B22
27 句
China diversifies trade routes | Vietnam Today
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B11
82 句
Electrical Terms Explained For English Beginners
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B23
34 句
International Business Explained: Why Go International?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“Incoterms 2020 Explained”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：incoterm, seller, buyer, responsible, risk。 這段影片共有 119 個句子、1598 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 11:06。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 144 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 77% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| cellar 名詞 | /ˈsɛləɹ/ | 地窖, 地下室 |
| buyer 名詞 | /ˈbaɪ.əɹ/ | 買主 /買主, 購買人 /購買人 |
| destination 名詞 | /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/ | 目的地 |
| carriage 名詞 | /ˈkæɹɪd͡ʒ/ | 馬車 /馬車 |
| freight 名詞 | /fɹeɪt/ | 貨運 /貨運 |
| import 名詞 | /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ | 進口貨 /進口貨, 舶來品 /舶來品 |
| export 名詞 | /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/ | 出口, 輸出 /輸出 |
| carrier 名詞 | /ˈkæɹi.ɚ/ | 攜帶者 /攜帶者 |
| vessel 名詞 | /ˈvɛsəl/ | 船隻 /船隻, 船 |
| chart 名詞 | /t͡ʃɑɹt/ | 圖表 /圖表 |
| alongside | /əˌlɔŋˈsaɪd/ | 旁邊 /旁邊 |
| select 動詞 | /sɪˈlɛkt/ | 選 /選, 挑選 /挑選 |
| obtain 動詞 | /əbˈteɪn/ | 獲得 /獲得 |
| requirement 名詞 | /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ | 要求, 需求 |
| cargo 名詞 | /ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/ | 貨物 /貨物, 貨 /貨 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| take out 動詞 | 取出 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are referred · were developed · are covered |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have created · have been delivered · has not insured |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | displays which are · EXW, which means · FCA, which means |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 4 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, isn't, we'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, obligation /ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/, insure /ɪnˈʃʊɚ/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, liability /laɪəˈbɪlɪti/, mandatory /ˈmæn.dəˌtɔɹ.i/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vessel /ˈvɛsəl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, respective /ɹɪˈspɛktɪv/, dive /daɪv/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: carriage /ˈkæɹɪd͡ʒ/, freight /fɹeɪt/, import /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/, export /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/, chart /t͡ʃɑɹt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: cellar /ˈsɛləɹ/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/, formality /fɔːrˈmælɪti/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 cellar, buyer, destination 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。