跟讀練習: Present Perfect | Easy English Grammar Lesson - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Hey everyone!
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Today we are going to learn about the Present Perfect Tense.
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We'll cover how to form it, how to ask and answer questions, and when to use the Present Perfect Tense.
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Are you ready to get perfect?
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Let's do it!
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Let's start with the form of present perfect.
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You just need a subject, the verb have or has, and the past participle.
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That's the third form of verbs.
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Here are a few examples.
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I have eaten breakfast every day this week.
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For regular verbs, the past participle is the same as the past simple form.
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You just have to add "-ed", to the base verb.
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For example, They have worked hard this month.
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We have watched that play already.
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I have studied every day this semester.
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Great!
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Do I use this rule for irregular verbs too?
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Actually no. Irregular verbs don't have one rule.
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They change in different ways.
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You'll need to memorize the past participle forms of irregular verbs just like you did for the past simple tense.
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Check out our past simple lesson if you haven't already.
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I have been to many countries with my family.
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I have eaten at JJ's diner for 20 years.
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I have done all of my chores today.
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Now that we understand how to form present perfect, let's take a look at when to use it.
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The easiest way to use present perfect is to think about timeframes.
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This means the action happened in a timeframe that started but is not finished yet.
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Here's an easy example.
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I have traveled to 20 countries.
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The timeframe in this example is my life.
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I was born and I am still alive, so my life is not finished.
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We often use
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Present Perfect for life experience for this reason.
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Can you name some other time frames that started but are not finished?
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Today, this week, this month, this year.
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We can use
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Present Perfect for all of these.
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But, if the time frame is finished, we can't use present perfect
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Use past simple for finish times like yesterday, last month and last year
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Here are a few more examples I flew twice last week
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They have played 18 holes of golf today
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He has read three books this month.
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She has never eaten sushi before.
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I noticed the word never in the last example.
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When do we use ever or never?
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Good question.
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We use ever and never only to talk about the time frame of life experiences, not for shorter time frames.
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Use ever to ask if something has happened at least once, and use never if the action has not happened at least once.
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For example, Have you ever gone to a theme park?
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Yes, I have been to Panda Land.
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It was magical.
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Have you ever written a book?
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Yes, I have written three books of short stories for my kids.
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They love them.
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Have you ever climbed a mountain?
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I have never climbed a mountain, but I'd love to.
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Now let's talk about how to make negative sentences using present perfect.
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Just add not after have or has.
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You can also use contractions.
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Have not becomes haven't.
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and has not becomes hasn't for example I haven't visited
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Japan he hasn't played basketball this year
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she hasn't done her homework what about asking questions using present perfect start the sentence with have
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or has then add the subject
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and past participle that's it for example have you read
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this book yes I have have you cooked dinner no
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I haven't another way to use present perfect is with these three words just already
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and yet the word just means something happened very recently.
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For example, I have just finished my house chores.
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We use already if something happened earlier than expected or to emphasize that it happened.
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I'm going to feed the cat.
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You don't need to, I have already fed him.
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Let's go see the new comedy movie no I've already seen it the word yet is used in questions
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and negatives and means something hasn't happened up to now
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but we expect it to happen in the future have you
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gone to the supermarket yet I need those ingredients to make
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lunch let's do a quick review the present perfect is formed with subject plus have
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or has and the past participle
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and you can use it to talk about life experiences actions in unfinished timeframes
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now it's your turn have you ever learned a new grammar tense
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and loved it write your answer in the comments below
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we hope this video helped you understand the present perfect keep practicing and soon you'll be a grammar master.
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Bye!
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“Present Perfect”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：perfect, present, example, verb, happened。 這段影片共有 83 個句子、776 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 7:13。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 108 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 87% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| verb 名詞 | /vɝb/ | 動詞 /動詞 |
| tense 名詞 | /tɛns/ | 時態 /時態, 時制 /時制 |
| irregular 形容詞 | /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ | 無常 /無常 |
| climb 動詞 | /ˈklaɪ̯m/ | 登 |
| grammar 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 語法 /語法, 文法 |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /課業, -課 /-課 |
| homework 名詞 | /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ | 作業 /作業, 家庭作業 /家庭作業 |
| semester 名詞 | /sɪˈmɛstɚ/ | 學期 /學期 |
| supermarket 名詞 | /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/ | 超級市場 /超級市場, 超市 |
| ingredient 名詞 | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | 成份, 材料 |
| emphasize 動詞 | /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ | 強調 /強調, 著重 |
| sushi 名詞 | /ˈsuːʃi/ | 壽司 /壽司, 日本壽司 /日本壽司 |
| participle 名詞 | /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ | 分詞 /分詞 |
| chore 名詞 | /t͡ʃoɹ/ | 家務 /家務, 家事 |
| contraction 名詞 | /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/ | 收縮 /收縮 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| check out 動詞 | 退房 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- Are you ready to get perfect?
- Do I use this rule for irregular verbs too?
- When do we use ever or never?
- Have you ever written a book?
- Have you ever climbed a mountain?
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have eaten · have worked · have watched |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | was born · is used · is formed |
| “will” 表將來 will + 動詞 — 決定、承諾或預測 | We'll cover · You'll need · you'll be |
| “going to” 表將來 be going to + 動詞 — 計劃或明顯即將發生的事 | are going to learn · I'm going to feed |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 17 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 hasn't, haven't, don't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: unfinished /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/, sushi /ˈsuːʃi/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, participle /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: verb /vɝb/, tense /tɛns/, homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, participle /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: grammar /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/, magical /ˈmæd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 verb, tense, irregular 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。