Pratica di Shadowing: Present Perfect | Easy English Grammar Lesson - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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Hey everyone!
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Today we are going to learn about the Present Perfect Tense.
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We'll cover how to form it, how to ask and answer questions, and when to use the Present Perfect Tense.
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Are you ready to get perfect?
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Let's do it!
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Let's start with the form of present perfect.
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You just need a subject, the verb have or has, and the past participle.
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That's the third form of verbs.
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Here are a few examples.
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I have eaten breakfast every day this week.
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For regular verbs, the past participle is the same as the past simple form.
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You just have to add "-ed", to the base verb.
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For example, They have worked hard this month.
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We have watched that play already.
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I have studied every day this semester.
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Great!
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Do I use this rule for irregular verbs too?
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Actually no. Irregular verbs don't have one rule.
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They change in different ways.
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You'll need to memorize the past participle forms of irregular verbs just like you did for the past simple tense.
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Check out our past simple lesson if you haven't already.
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I have been to many countries with my family.
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I have eaten at JJ's diner for 20 years.
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I have done all of my chores today.
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Now that we understand how to form present perfect, let's take a look at when to use it.
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The easiest way to use present perfect is to think about timeframes.
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This means the action happened in a timeframe that started but is not finished yet.
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Here's an easy example.
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I have traveled to 20 countries.
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The timeframe in this example is my life.
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I was born and I am still alive, so my life is not finished.
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We often use
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Present Perfect for life experience for this reason.
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Can you name some other time frames that started but are not finished?
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Today, this week, this month, this year.
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We can use
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Present Perfect for all of these.
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But, if the time frame is finished, we can't use present perfect
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Use past simple for finish times like yesterday, last month and last year
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Here are a few more examples I flew twice last week
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They have played 18 holes of golf today
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He has read three books this month.
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She has never eaten sushi before.
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I noticed the word never in the last example.
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When do we use ever or never?
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Good question.
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We use ever and never only to talk about the time frame of life experiences, not for shorter time frames.
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Use ever to ask if something has happened at least once, and use never if the action has not happened at least once.
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For example, Have you ever gone to a theme park?
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Yes, I have been to Panda Land.
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It was magical.
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Have you ever written a book?
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Yes, I have written three books of short stories for my kids.
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They love them.
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Have you ever climbed a mountain?
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I have never climbed a mountain, but I'd love to.
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Now let's talk about how to make negative sentences using present perfect.
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Just add not after have or has.
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You can also use contractions.
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Have not becomes haven't.
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and has not becomes hasn't for example I haven't visited
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Japan he hasn't played basketball this year
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she hasn't done her homework what about asking questions using present perfect start the sentence with have
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or has then add the subject
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and past participle that's it for example have you read
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this book yes I have have you cooked dinner no
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I haven't another way to use present perfect is with these three words just already
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and yet the word just means something happened very recently.
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For example, I have just finished my house chores.
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We use already if something happened earlier than expected or to emphasize that it happened.
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I'm going to feed the cat.
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You don't need to, I have already fed him.
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Let's go see the new comedy movie no I've already seen it the word yet is used in questions
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and negatives and means something hasn't happened up to now
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but we expect it to happen in the future have you
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gone to the supermarket yet I need those ingredients to make
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lunch let's do a quick review the present perfect is formed with subject plus have
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or has and the past participle
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and you can use it to talk about life experiences actions in unfinished timeframes
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now it's your turn have you ever learned a new grammar tense
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and loved it write your answer in the comments below
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we hope this video helped you understand the present perfect keep practicing and soon you'll be a grammar master.
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Bye!
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Present Perfect”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: perfect, present, example, verb, happened. Questo video contiene 83 frasi e 776 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 7:13. Chi parla lo fa lentamente, circa 108 parole al minuto, quindi c’è tempo per imitare ogni suono. Il 87% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| verb sostantivo | /vɝb/ | verbo |
| tense sostantivo | /tɛns/ | tempo |
| irregular aggettivo | /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ | irregolare |
| climb verbo | /ˈklaɪ̯m/ | arrampicare, scalare |
| grammar sostantivo | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | grammatica |
| lesson sostantivo | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | lezione |
| homework sostantivo | /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ | compito, compiti |
| semester sostantivo | /sɪˈmɛstɚ/ | semestre |
| supermarket sostantivo | /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/ | supermercato |
| ingredient sostantivo | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | ingrediente |
| unfinished aggettivo | /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/ | incompleto |
| emphasize verbo | /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ | enfatizzare, sottolineare |
| sushi sostantivo | /ˈsuːʃi/ | sushi |
| participle sostantivo | /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ | participio |
| chore sostantivo | /t͡ʃoɹ/ | corvè |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| check out verbo | investigare |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- Are you ready to get perfect?
- Do I use this rule for irregular verbs too?
- When do we use ever or never?
- Have you ever written a book?
- Have you ever climbed a mountain?
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | have eaten · have worked · have watched |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | was born · is used · is formed |
| Futuro con “will” will + verbo — una decisione, una promessa o una previsione | We'll cover · You'll need · you'll be |
| Futuro con “going to” be going to + verbo — un piano o qualcosa che si vede arrivare | are going to learn · I'm going to feed |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 17 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come hasn't, haven't, don't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: unfinished /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/, sushi /ˈsuːʃi/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, participle /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: verb /vɝb/, tense /tɛns/, homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: grammar /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/, magical /ˈmæd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come verb, tense, irregular.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.