跟讀練習: Systems Thinking Changes How You Solve Problems | B2 English Shadowing - 通過影片學習英語口語
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212 句
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Have you ever fixed a problem, felt relieved, and then watched the same problem come back?
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You clean your room, and a few days later, it is messy again.
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You catch up on your work, and somehow, you are behind again next week.
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You promise yourself that you will sleep earlier, but every night, you stay up too late.
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At some point, you may start thinking, What is wrong with me?
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But maybe you are asking the wrong question.
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Maybe the problem is not you.
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Maybe you are fixing the wrong part of the problem.
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Sometimes, the thing you can see is only the surface.
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Underneath it, there may be a pattern that keeps producing the same result.
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In this Level B 2 shadowing practice, we will look at why some problems keep coming back, how one small action can create a larger cycle,
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and why the best solution may be to change the system behind the problem.
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Listen to my voice and speak just behind me.
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Follow the pronunciation, rhythm, and emotion.
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If you miss a word, do not stop.
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Keep going.
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Let's begin.
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Imagine that your room is always messy.
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Every Saturday, you clean it.
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You put the clothes away.
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You organize your desk.
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You throw away the things you do not need.
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For a few hours, everything looks great.
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Then Monday comes.
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You are tired after work, so you leave your jacket on a chair.
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You put a bag on the floor You leave a book on the table
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One thing becomes three Three things become ten And by Friday,
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the room looks almost the same again So you clean it again But what if cleaning is not the real solution?
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Maybe the problem is not that you are bad at cleaning
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Maybe your room has no simple place for the things you use every day Maybe you have too many things
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Maybe you come home tired and the easiest choice is to put everything wherever there is space.
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If that is true, then cleaning the room is only fixing the result.
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You are not changing what creates the result.
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And this idea is much bigger than a messy bedroom.
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Think about someone who is always late.
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We often say they need to manage their time better.
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But look more closely.
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Maybe they always schedule too many things.
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Maybe they think a 30-minute task will take 10 minutes.
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Maybe they leave no space between appointments.
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Maybe one small delay in the morning creates three more delays later.
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In that case, telling them to try harder may not solve the problem.
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The problem may be in the system around their time.
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This gives us a different question.
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Instead of asking, why did this happen?
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Ask.
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What keeps making this happen?
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That small change in the question is powerful.
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The first question looks for an event.
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The second looks for a pattern.
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And patterns are often more useful than events.
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Think about a problem in your own life that keeps returning.
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Maybe you are always short of money at the end of the month.
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Maybe you keep missing deadlines.
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Maybe you keep having the same argument with someone.
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Maybe you keep feeling tired, even after taking a day off.
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You can keep reacting every time the problem appears.
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Or you can step back and ask what is creating it.
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That is the beginning of systems thinking.
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You stop looking at one broken piece.
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You start looking at how the pieces work together.
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And sometimes, that is when the problem finally starts to make sense.
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But here is where things get strange
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Sometimes the solution becomes part of the problem
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Imagine that you are tired every morning You decide to drink coffee
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The coffee helps You feel more awake
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so you can work The next day you are tired again so you drink more coffee
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Then you drink coffee later in the afternoon.
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At night, you do not feel tired enough to sleep.
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So you go to bed late.
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The next morning, you wake up tired again.
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What do you do?
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You drink coffee.
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Now look at the whole cycle.
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Tiredness leads to coffee.
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Coffee later in the day leads to poor sleep.
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Poor sleep leads to more tiredness.
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And more tiredness leads to more coffee.
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The coffee was not necessarily the original problem, but it became part of the cycle that kept the problem alive.
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This is why systems thinking is different from simply finding a quick fix.
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It asks you to look at what happens next.
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One action can create another action.
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That action can create another result.
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And sometimes the final result comes back and affects the beginning.
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You can see the same thing at work.
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Imagine a team that is falling behind.
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The manager wants to solve the problem quickly.
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So everyone works longer hours.
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At first, it seems to work.
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More work gets done.
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The manager feels relieved.
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But after a few weeks, people become tired.
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When people are tired, they make more mistakes.
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The mistakes create more work.
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The extra work creates more pressure.
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And the pressure leads to even longer hours.
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The team is now working harder to solve a problem that their working system is helping to create.
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That is the strange part.
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More effort did not necessarily produce a better result.
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It may have made the cycle stronger.
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So instead of asking, how can we work faster?
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A better question might be, why is there so much unnecessary work?
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Maybe there are too many meetings.
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Maybe priorities change every day.
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Maybe two people are doing the same task.
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Maybe nobody knows which work matters most.
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Now the focus has changed.
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You are no longer pushing the people inside the system.
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You are examining the system itself.
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This way of thinking can also help in everyday life.
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If you are always stressed, taking a weekend off may help.
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But what happens on Monday?
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If your schedule is still full, if you still say yes to everything, and if you still expect yourself to do everything perfectly,
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the stress may return.
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The weekend was not useless.
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You needed the rest.
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But rest alone may not change the pattern.
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Sometimes the better solution is not more recovery.
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It is changing what keeps making recovery necessary.
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That is a much harder question, but it can lead to a much better answer.
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And this is where many smart solutions fail.
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They solve a problem in front of them, but they do not consider what happens next.
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Imagine a company that keeps losing employees.
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The company needs people, so it hires more.
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The empty positions are filled.
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For a while, everything looks better.
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But then more employees leave.
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So the company hires again.
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What if hiring is not the real solution?
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Maybe people are leaving
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because the workload is too high Maybe managers do not give
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enough support Maybe employees have no chance to grow Maybe the company keeps losing people because the conditions have not changed
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Hiring more people fills the empty chairs It does not necessarily
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change why the chairs became empty This is an important difference A quick solution asks How do we stop this problem now?
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A systems thinker also asks, What will this solution cause later?
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That second question can change everything.
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Think about a simple example.
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A company wants to save money, so it cuts its staff.
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At first, the numbers look better.
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The company spends less.
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But now fewer people have to do the same amount of work.
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They become exhausted.
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The quality of the service falls.
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Customers become unhappy.
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Some customers leave.
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Now, the company has another problem.
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The original solution created a new problem somewhere else.
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This does not mean cost-cutting is always wrong.
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It means every Every solution exists inside a larger system.
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When you change one part, other parts may react.
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That is why good problem solving requires you to look beyond the first result.
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Ask, what happens next?
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Then, what happens after that?
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You do not need to predict everything.
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That would be impossible.
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you can learn to look for possible consequences before they become new problems.
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The same idea works in your personal life.
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Suppose you are always running out of time.
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You decide to wake up one hour earlier.
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That may help.
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But if you keep adding more tasks to your day, you may soon become busy again.
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The real problem may not be that you wake up too late.
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It may be that you expect one day to hold more than one day can hold.
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So the solution may not be another productivity trick.
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It may be learning what to remove.
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This is one of the most useful parts of systems thinking.
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Sometimes the answer is not.
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What should I add?
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It is.
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What should I stop doing?
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That question can feel uncomfortable.
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But it can reveal more than another quick fix.
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Because when a problem keeps returning, the answer may not be more effort.
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It may be a different structure.
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Systems thinking does not mean making every problem complicated.
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In fact, it can make problems easier to understand.
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When something goes wrong, pause before you react.
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Look at what happened.
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Then look at what happened before it.
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Look at what happened after it.
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Look for the habits, decisions, and conditions connected to the result.
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If you are always tired, do not only ask how to rest.
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Ask what keeps making you tired.
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If you are always late, do not only ask how to move faster.
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Ask what keeps making your schedule impossible.
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If you keep making the same mistake, do not only ask who made it.
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Ask what allowed the mistake to happen.
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This does not mean that nobody is responsible.
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It means you are looking for a solution that can actually last.
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You are moving from blame to understanding.
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And understanding gives you more choices.
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You may discover that the problem is not where you first thought it was.
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You may discover that one small habit is connected to five other habits.
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You may even discover that something you thought was helping you is keeping the cycle alive.
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That can be uncomfortable, but it is also hopeful.
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Because if a pattern was created by a system, the system can be changed.
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You may not need to work harder.
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You may need to remove one unnecessary step
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You may not need more motivation You may need a simpler
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routine You may not need another quick solution You may need to change the conditions
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that keep creating the same problem So the next time a problem comes back
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Do not immediately fight it Pause and look underneath it Ask what keeps creating it Ask what is connected to it
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Ask what your solution might create next.
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Then choose where to make the change.
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Because solving a problem once is useful.
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But changing the system that keeps creating the problem is much more powerful.
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Stop fighting the symptom.
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Change what keeps creating it.
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You have completed this Level B 2 English Shadowing Practice.
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If some sentences felt difficult, listen again and follow the rhythm.
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Then practice once more and focus on speaking naturally, not perfectly.
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Each repetition helps you become clearer and more confident.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“Systems Thinking Changes How You Solve Problems”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：solution, tired, coffee, create, result。 這段影片共有 212 個句子、1879 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 14:10。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 133 個詞，很適合跟讀。 92% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| tiredness 名詞 | 疲勞 /疲勞 | |
| messy 形容詞 | /ˈmɛsi/ | 凌亂 |
| relieve 動詞 | /ɹɪˈliːv/ | 安心, 放心 |
| pause 名詞 | /pɔːz/ | 停頓 /停頓, 暫停 /暫停 |
| rhythm 名詞 | /ˈɹɪð.əm/ | 節奏 /節奏 |
| unnecessary 形容詞 | /ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/ | 多餘的 /多餘的, 不必要 |
| uncomfortable 形容詞 | /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/ | 不舒服 |
| repetition 名詞 | /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/ | 重複 /重複 |
| thinker 名詞 | /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/ | 思想者 |
| pronunciation 名詞 | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | 發音 /發音 |
| symptom 名詞 | /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ | 症狀 /症狀, 病徵 /病徵 |
| exhaust 動詞 | /ɪɡˈzɔst/ | 抽完 |
| organize 動詞 | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | 組織 /組織 |
| cloth 名詞 | /klɒθ/ | 布, 布料 |
| unhappy 形容詞 | /ʌnˈhæpi/ | 不高興 /不高興, 不開心 /不開心 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| come back 動詞 | 回來 /回來, 返回 | |
| wake up 動詞 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 醒, 醒來 /醒來 |
| fall behind 動詞 | 遲到 /遲到 | |
| stay up 動詞 | 熬夜 | |
| throw away 動詞 | 棄置 /棄置, 扔 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- What do you do?
- What should I add?
- What should I stop doing?
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | Have you ever fixed · has changed · have not changed |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are filled · is connected · was created |
需要注意的發音
- “th” 音: rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/, cloth /klɒθ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: unnecessary /ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, repetition /ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/, productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: react /ɹiːˈækt/, relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/, pause /pɔːz/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔst/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: react /ɹiːˈækt/, unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 tiredness, messy, relieve 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。