跟读练习: An introduction to a lecture - 通过视频学习英语口语
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This recording is from the British Council.
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Good afternoon, everyone.
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Welcome to the first lecture of our new course in Positive Psychology.
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While some people may associate psychology with looking at what's wrong with us and at what problems we have,
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there is much more to psychology than that.
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Positive psychology, for example, looks at how to help people become happier.
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This lecture begins with a question.
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What makes a happy life?
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Now, I'm going to give you one possible answer.
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A happy life is a life in which you are completely absorbed in what you do.
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Now, how does this compare with what you and your partner said?
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This answer comes from the work of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and the theory of flow.
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Csikszentmihalyi is a psychologist who has spent much of his professional life on the study of what makes people happy
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and how we can find happiness.
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Csikszentmihalyi suggests the theory that happiness is not caused by external events or things that happen to us.
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perception of these things and how we see these events either makes us happy or sad.
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In other words, if we want happiness, we have to actively look for it.
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However, this does not mean that we should always look for happiness.
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Csikszentmihalyi believed that our happiest moments happen when we are in a state of flow.
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The theory of flow can be summarized like this.
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When we are totally involved in or focused on what we are doing, we are in a state of flow.
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Csikszentmihalyi got the inspiration for this theory when he noticed how artists worked in a studio.
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They completely lost track of time.
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They didn't notice they were hungry or tired, and they could work for hours, even days, without stopping.
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Anyone I've spoken to who has experienced this state of concentration has said it's difficult to explain.
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The best way to explain it is that it is like being in a river
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and the flow of the water carries you away.
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For the rest of this lecture, I will explore this theory of flow in more detail.
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Well, first we will look at Csikszentmihalyi's life and how it influenced his ideas.
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Then we will look at the conditions that go with the state of flow.
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What creates flow exactly?
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Finally, we will look at activities that can help us achieve flow in our everyday lives.
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Will this course make you happy for life?
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Well maybe.
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Maybe.
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Right, let's get started.
FOR YOU
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 36 个句子、413 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:08。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 132 个词，很适合跟读。 88% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 13 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| happiness 名词 | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | 幸福, 快樂 /快乐 |
| psychology 名词 | /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | 心理學 /心理学 |
| lecture 名词 | /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ | 演講 /演讲 |
| everyday 形容词 | /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/ | 日常的 |
| compare 动词 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比较 |
| hungry 形容词 | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | 飢餓 /饥饿, 餓 /饿 |
| associate 名词 | /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ | 同行, 同事 |
| explore 动词 | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | 探索, 探險 /探险 |
| concentration 名词 | /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 專注力 /专注力 |
| perception 名词 | /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ | 知覺 /知觉, 感知 |
| absorb 动词 | /æbˈsɔɹb/ | 吸收 |
| psychologist 名词 | /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ | 心理學家 /心理学家 |
| summarize 动词 | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | 摘要, 總結 /总结 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 3 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 didn't, I'm, I've。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: inspiration /ˌɪn.spɪˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, inspiration /ˌɪn.spɪˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 happiness, psychology, lecture 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | are completely absorbed · is not caused · can be summarized |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | has spent · I've spoken |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。