跟读练习: Does Aloe Really Treat a Sunburn? - 通过视频学习英语口语
正在创建课程...
1
It’s advice as old as time: if you get a sunburn, start lathering on the Aloe Vera.
2
And when we say ‘old as time’, we mean it.
3
Humans have been using aloe vera medicinally for thousands of years.
4
But does the slimy gel actually have skin-healing properties?
5
Well, the research is surprisingly scarce, but it seems like it may help boost your skin’s natural healing process.
6
Sunburns themselves really aren’t all that different than burns from a campfire, a curling iron, or stepping on a George Foreman grill.
7
So studies looking at burn healing tend to lump them together.
8
And there is some evidence that applying the mucus innards from Aloe plants helps you heal faster after a burn.
9
A review from 2007 in the journal Burns found that in 127 burn victims, those who used aloe healed almost 9 days faster on average than those in control groups.
10
But what aloe actually does is a little less clear.
11
In general, there are three main concerns when treating burns: reducing pain, actually healing the wound, and preventing infection.
12
Aloe’s antibacterial and antifungal activities are well documented, so it might simply help because it keeps pesky microbes at bay.
13
But ask just about anyone who slathers on the aloe after a sunburn, and they’ll swear it’s an analgesic, meaning that it reduces pain.
14
And that might be because it reduces inflammation—your body’s immune response that makes things like sunburns all red and painful.
15
For example, an experiment in 1993 was able to isolate an enzyme in aloe that breaks down bradykinin, an inflammatory substance linked with pain.
16
But there’s not all that much clinical research on aloe pain-killing effects, so the jury is still out on whether they’re real, or it’s just acting as a placebo.
17
There’s a bit more evidence that it boosts skin healing.
18
Studies in rats have shown that aloe extract helps new skin cells move into burned areas, so they can rebuild the damaged tissue.
19
And the gooey gel in aloe vera contains a large amount of glucomannan, a fiber comprised mostly of the sugar mannose, which stimulates the production of fibroblastic growth factor.
20
It helps stimulate the formation of collagen and new blood vessels, which speed up how quickly the skin heals.
21
That said, human studies to date are kind of flimsy.
22
A 2012 Cochrane review noted that the few trials that have been conducted aren’t high quality—they’re all small, and their results are potentially biased by things the patients or caregivers knowing aloe was being used.
23
So, it might work, or it might just be that people think it’ll work.
24
And when it comes to your over the counter sunburn gel, it might not even be the aloe itself.
25
Researchers have found that it can speed up that absorption of vitamins and drugs through the skin.
26
So if your aloe gel also has things like Vitamin E, or some other anti-inflammatory drug, that substance gets into your skin faster.
27
But whether aloe works or not, I think we can all agree it’s just better to avoid needing it.
28
So if you’re going to spend some time in the sun this summer, maybe take steps to avoid overexposure instead of relying on aloe to soothe your beet-red skin afterwards.
29
Thanks to Joelle and Brianna Beecher for asking, and to all our patrons who voted for this question in our poll.
30
If you want to ask us questions like this and help decide which of them we answer, or just get a bunch of awesome rewards you can’t get anywhere else, you can head on over to Patreon.com/SciShow.
📺 同频道
C13
The Science Behind The Odyssey's Greatest Challenge
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
What’s Ruining Our Ruins?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B21
Do Penguins Control the Weather?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
The Most Important Picture in the History of Science
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C14
Why Do We Sneeze?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
Why Can’t We Have Unicorns?
American AccentKids
C1What's Really Behind The Adderall Shortage?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1Ticks Can Spread An Allergy To… Red Meat?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1The ONE Disease That Smoking Can Help Treat
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1How Onions ACTUALLY Make You Cry (And How to Stop Them)
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ 推荐视频
B21
137 句
Why your anti aging routine is not working ?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
222 句
How Fire Made Us Human
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B244 句
Dr. Halstead’s Patient Want More Tests Than Halstead Thinks Are Necessary | Chicago Med | NBC
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
39 句
Why Does Heartbreak Hurt So Much?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
42 句
8 Foods That Boost Your Metabolism (Backed By Science)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B13
56 句
Why Is My Butt So Itchy
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2226 句
Feeding Bill Gates a Fake Burger (to save the world)
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
33 句
Skin Types: Everything You Need To Know
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
54 句
Could AI Become Too Powerful to Control?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
107 句
Tattoo Removal Is Insane
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
85 句
How to de-Stress ♥
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B222
15 句
Does Being Cold Make You Sick?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 30 个句子、604 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:21。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 181 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 只有 77% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| heal 动词 | /ˈhiːl/ | 醫治 /医治 |
| substance 名词 | /ˈsʌbstəns/ | 物質 /物质 |
| inflammatory 形容词 | /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/ | 激發性 /激发性 |
| stimulate 动词 | /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/ | 刺激 |
| afterwards 副词 | /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ | 然後 /然后 |
| experiment 名词 | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | 實驗 /实验 |
| poll 名词 | /poʊl/ | 投票, 選舉 /选举 |
| infection 名词 | /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ | 傳染 /传染 |
| reward 名词 | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | 報酬 /报酬, 獎勵 /奖励 |
| painful 形容词 | /ˈpeɪn.fl̩/ | 痛苦的, 疼痛的 |
| tissue 名词 | /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ | 纸巾 |
| rely 动词 | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | 依賴 /依赖, 依靠 |
| vessel 名词 | /ˈvɛsəl/ | 船隻 /船只, 船 |
| bias 名词 | /ˈbaɪ.əs/ | 偏見 /偏见 |
| rat 名词 | /ɹæt/ | лочў, 鳥鼠 /鸟鼠 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| speed up 动词 | /spiːdˈʌp/ | 加速, 加快 |
| break down 动词 | 壞了 /坏了, 出故障 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 aren't, they're, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: lather /ˈlæð.ɚ/, slather /ˈslæðə(ɹ)/, soothe /suːð/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 heal, substance, inflammatory 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have shown · have been conducted · have found |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | those who used · anyone who slathers |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。