シャドーイング練習: Does Aloe Really Treat a Sunburn? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
1
It’s advice as old as time: if you get a sunburn, start lathering on the Aloe Vera.
2
And when we say ‘old as time’, we mean it.
3
Humans have been using aloe vera medicinally for thousands of years.
4
But does the slimy gel actually have skin-healing properties?
5
Well, the research is surprisingly scarce, but it seems like it may help boost your skin’s natural healing process.
6
Sunburns themselves really aren’t all that different than burns from a campfire, a curling iron, or stepping on a George Foreman grill.
7
So studies looking at burn healing tend to lump them together.
8
And there is some evidence that applying the mucus innards from Aloe plants helps you heal faster after a burn.
9
A review from 2007 in the journal Burns found that in 127 burn victims, those who used aloe healed almost 9 days faster on average than those in control groups.
10
But what aloe actually does is a little less clear.
11
In general, there are three main concerns when treating burns: reducing pain, actually healing the wound, and preventing infection.
12
Aloe’s antibacterial and antifungal activities are well documented, so it might simply help because it keeps pesky microbes at bay.
13
But ask just about anyone who slathers on the aloe after a sunburn, and they’ll swear it’s an analgesic, meaning that it reduces pain.
14
And that might be because it reduces inflammation—your body’s immune response that makes things like sunburns all red and painful.
15
For example, an experiment in 1993 was able to isolate an enzyme in aloe that breaks down bradykinin, an inflammatory substance linked with pain.
16
But there’s not all that much clinical research on aloe pain-killing effects, so the jury is still out on whether they’re real, or it’s just acting as a placebo.
17
There’s a bit more evidence that it boosts skin healing.
18
Studies in rats have shown that aloe extract helps new skin cells move into burned areas, so they can rebuild the damaged tissue.
19
And the gooey gel in aloe vera contains a large amount of glucomannan, a fiber comprised mostly of the sugar mannose, which stimulates the production of fibroblastic growth factor.
20
It helps stimulate the formation of collagen and new blood vessels, which speed up how quickly the skin heals.
21
That said, human studies to date are kind of flimsy.
22
A 2012 Cochrane review noted that the few trials that have been conducted aren’t high quality—they’re all small, and their results are potentially biased by things the patients or caregivers knowing aloe was being used.
23
So, it might work, or it might just be that people think it’ll work.
24
And when it comes to your over the counter sunburn gel, it might not even be the aloe itself.
25
Researchers have found that it can speed up that absorption of vitamins and drugs through the skin.
26
So if your aloe gel also has things like Vitamin E, or some other anti-inflammatory drug, that substance gets into your skin faster.
27
But whether aloe works or not, I think we can all agree it’s just better to avoid needing it.
28
So if you’re going to spend some time in the sun this summer, maybe take steps to avoid overexposure instead of relying on aloe to soothe your beet-red skin afterwards.
29
Thanks to Joelle and Brianna Beecher for asking, and to all our patrons who voted for this question in our poll.
30
If you want to ask us questions like this and help decide which of them we answer, or just get a bunch of awesome rewards you can’t get anywhere else, you can head on over to Patreon.com/SciShow.
📺 同じチャンネル
C12
The Science Behind The Odyssey's Greatest Challenge
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
What’s Ruining Our Ruins?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B21
Do Penguins Control the Weather?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
The Most Important Picture in the History of Science
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C14
Why Do We Sneeze?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
Why Can’t We Have Unicorns?
American AccentKids
C1What's Really Behind The Adderall Shortage?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1Ticks Can Spread An Allergy To… Red Meat?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1The ONE Disease That Smoking Can Help Treat
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1How Onions ACTUALLY Make You Cry (And How to Stop Them)
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ おすすめ動画
B21
256 文
Medical Memes Doctors Actually Like
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B213
138 文
The Skincare Step You’re Missing! All About Pre-Cleansing
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
222 文
How Fire Made Us Human
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
42 文
8 Foods That Boost Your Metabolism (Backed By Science)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
89 文
33K
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
107 文
Tattoo Removal Is Insane
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B13
56 文
Why Is My Butt So Itchy
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
116 文
Why Sleep Is So Important - and What We’re Getting Wrong
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
54 文
Could AI Become Too Powerful to Control?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
39 文
Why Does Heartbreak Hurt So Much?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2226 文
Feeding Bill Gates a Fake Burger (to save the world)
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2242 文
Stop drying your hair wrong: the science
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が30文、単語が604語あります。 音声の長さは3:21です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約181語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は77%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| heal 動詞 | /ˈhiːl/ | 治す, 癒す |
| substance 名詞 | /ˈsʌbstəns/ | 物質 |
| stimulate 動詞 | /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/ | 刺激する |
| afterwards 副詞 | /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ | その後, それから |
| experiment 名詞 | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | 実験 |
| infection 名詞 | /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ | 伝染 |
| reward 名詞 | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | 見返り, 賞 |
| painful 形容詞 | /ˈpeɪn.fl̩/ | 痛い, 痛みの伴う |
| tissue 名詞 | /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ | 織物 |
| rely 動詞 | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | 頼る, あてにする |
| vessel 名詞 | /ˈvɛsəl/ | 船舶 |
| bias 名詞 | /ˈbaɪ.əs/ | 偏り, 傾斜 |
| rat 名詞 | /ɹæt/ | 鼠, ネズミ |
| surprisingly 副詞 | /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/ | 驚くほど, 意外に |
| extract 名詞 | /ˈɛkstɹækt/ | エキス, 越幾斯 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| speed up 動詞 | /spiːdˈʌp/ | スピードを出す |
注意したい発音
話し手はaren't, they're, can'tなど、短縮形や弱形を8回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: lather /ˈlæð.ɚ/, slather /ˈslæðə(ɹ)/, soothe /suːð/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。heal, substance, stimulateなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have shown · have been conducted · have found |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | those who used · anyone who slathers |
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。