Prática de Shadowing: Does Aloe Really Treat a Sunburn? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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It’s advice as old as time: if you get a sunburn, start lathering on the Aloe Vera.
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And when we say ‘old as time’, we mean it.
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Humans have been using aloe vera medicinally for thousands of years.
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But does the slimy gel actually have skin-healing properties?
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Well, the research is surprisingly scarce, but it seems like it may help boost your skin’s natural healing process.
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Sunburns themselves really aren’t all that different than burns from a campfire, a curling iron, or stepping on a George Foreman grill.
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So studies looking at burn healing tend to lump them together.
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And there is some evidence that applying the mucus innards from Aloe plants helps you heal faster after a burn.
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A review from 2007 in the journal Burns found that in 127 burn victims, those who used aloe healed almost 9 days faster on average than those in control groups.
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But what aloe actually does is a little less clear.
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In general, there are three main concerns when treating burns: reducing pain, actually healing the wound, and preventing infection.
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Aloe’s antibacterial and antifungal activities are well documented, so it might simply help because it keeps pesky microbes at bay.
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But ask just about anyone who slathers on the aloe after a sunburn, and they’ll swear it’s an analgesic, meaning that it reduces pain.
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And that might be because it reduces inflammation—your body’s immune response that makes things like sunburns all red and painful.
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For example, an experiment in 1993 was able to isolate an enzyme in aloe that breaks down bradykinin, an inflammatory substance linked with pain.
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But there’s not all that much clinical research on aloe pain-killing effects, so the jury is still out on whether they’re real, or it’s just acting as a placebo.
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There’s a bit more evidence that it boosts skin healing.
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Studies in rats have shown that aloe extract helps new skin cells move into burned areas, so they can rebuild the damaged tissue.
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And the gooey gel in aloe vera contains a large amount of glucomannan, a fiber comprised mostly of the sugar mannose, which stimulates the production of fibroblastic growth factor.
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It helps stimulate the formation of collagen and new blood vessels, which speed up how quickly the skin heals.
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That said, human studies to date are kind of flimsy.
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A 2012 Cochrane review noted that the few trials that have been conducted aren’t high quality—they’re all small, and their results are potentially biased by things the patients or caregivers knowing aloe was being used.
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So, it might work, or it might just be that people think it’ll work.
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And when it comes to your over the counter sunburn gel, it might not even be the aloe itself.
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Researchers have found that it can speed up that absorption of vitamins and drugs through the skin.
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So if your aloe gel also has things like Vitamin E, or some other anti-inflammatory drug, that substance gets into your skin faster.
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But whether aloe works or not, I think we can all agree it’s just better to avoid needing it.
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So if you’re going to spend some time in the sun this summer, maybe take steps to avoid overexposure instead of relying on aloe to soothe your beet-red skin afterwards.
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Thanks to Joelle and Brianna Beecher for asking, and to all our patrons who voted for this question in our poll.
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If you want to ask us questions like this and help decide which of them we answer, or just get a bunch of awesome rewards you can’t get anywhere else, you can head on over to Patreon.com/SciShow.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 30 frases e 604 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:21. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 181 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. Apenas 77% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| heal verbo | /ˈhiːl/ | curar, sanar |
| boost verbo | /buːst/ | impulsionar |
| substance substantivo | /ˈsʌbstəns/ | substância |
| inflammatory adjetivo | /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/ | inflamatório |
| stimulate verbo | /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/ | estimular, incentivar |
| afterwards advérbio | /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ | depois, mais tarde |
| potentially advérbio | /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/ | potencialmente |
| experiment substantivo | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | experimento, experiência |
| poll substantivo | /poʊl/ | enquete, sondagem |
| infection substantivo | /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ | infecção, infeccionamento |
| reward substantivo | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | recompensa |
| painful adjetivo | /ˈpeɪn.fl̩/ | doloroso, dolorido |
| tissue substantivo | /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ | tecido |
| rely verbo | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | contar com |
| vessel substantivo | /ˈvɛsəl/ | barco, navio |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 8 contrações e formas reduzidas, como aren't, they're, can't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: lather /ˈlæð.ɚ/, slather /ˈslæðə(ɹ)/, soothe /suːð/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como heal, boost, substance.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have shown · have been conducted · have found |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | those who used · anyone who slathers |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.