跟读练习: IN ON AT? How do I use these prepositions? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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When do I use in, on, at?
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Hi, I'm Arnel from Arnel's Everyday English.
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Today I'm going to help you understand in, on, at in four steps.
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We have position, location, time, and transportation.
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You need a pen and you need a notebook.
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Get ready to take notes.
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At the end of this lesson I have some very exciting homework for you.
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Trust me, at the end of this lesson you will feel so much better about using these three very confusing prepositions.
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Not confusing.
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Let's start.
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Step one, position.
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We use in to speak about being inside.
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My phone is in my bag.
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A bottle of water is in my bag.
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A sandwich is in my bag.
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My husband is waiting in the car.
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When you go to a library, when you're in a library, you need to be quiet.
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Okay, we use on when you really focus on being on top.
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A laptop is on my desk.
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A lamp is on my desk.
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A coffee is on my desk.
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A bird pooped on my head.
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Right.
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In, inside, on, on top.
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So when do we use at?
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We use at when you're speaking about a location and there's an activity.
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I did a lot at work today.
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What's the activity?
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I I was working.
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I was at the gym for three hours.
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What was the activity?
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I was working out.
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My son, he's at school.
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What's the activity?
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He's studying and learning.
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So at is where there's an activity in a location in general.
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In is literally inside.
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Imagine you say to a friend, I'll see you at the cafe.
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This could be in or out.
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You'll need to clarify.
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If your friend says I'll meet you in the cafe, it's obvious.
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You go inside.
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Wonderful.
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Let's continue.
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Step 2.
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Location.
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We use in for countries.
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I live in England.
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We use in for cities.
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My sister is in Paris.
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Neighborhoods and areas.
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I grew up in Clifton.
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Directions.
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North, east, south, west.
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Remember if you're going somewhere use to.
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I'm going to Canada.
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We wouldn't say I'm going in Canada.
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We use at for streets and roads.
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There's a great Italian restaurant on Park Street.
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I used to live on Reno Road.
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But if you have a specific address, you need to use AT.
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I live at 15 Baconburn Road, London.
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Fantastic!
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Let's move on to step number three.
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Step number three, time.
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We use in for centuries.
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I love reading books set in the 1800s,
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in the 19th century, decades.
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I think music from the 1970s was the best.
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Years.
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I was born in 1989.
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Months.
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My birthday is in February.
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Afternoon, morning.
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I go to the gym in the afternoon, in the morning.
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Seasons.
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My family always goes on holiday in summer,
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in autumn, in winter and in spring.
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Future start.
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I'm going on holiday in five days.
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The lesson starts in 20 minutes.
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In six months I'm moving to New York.
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I know this is a lot of information
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but the homework I'm going to give you later will really help you practice all of this. On.
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We use on for days of the week.
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Monday, Tuesday, on Wednesday, on Thursday, on Friday, on Saturday, on Sunday.
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We also use on for a phrase using the word day.
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What are you doing on Valentine's Day?
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What do you like doing on a rainy day?
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Dates on the 22nd of February.
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On Thursday the 10th. At.
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We use at for a specific clock time.
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I'll meet you at one o'clock,
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at two o'clock, at three o'clock, at half past eight.
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We say at night.
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I don't sleep very well at night.
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Remember we say in the morning, in the afternoon, but at night.
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We also say at noon, 12 o'clock.
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Let's move on to step number four.
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Step 4.
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Transportation.
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We use in and on for transportation.
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I would say in a car,
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in a taxi, in a truck lorry, in a limousine.
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But I would say on a train,
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on a plane, on a tram, on a boat or a ship.
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Try to remember it this way.
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If you're in a car or in a taxi, you can't move.
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You have to sit there.
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But for these types of transportation, you can walk around.
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So you are on.
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You can walk on a bus.
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You can walk on a plane.
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In for transportation, you can't really move around in and on for transportation you can easily move around on.
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But if I think about transportation that you're literally on top of, use on.
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You're on a bike, you're on a on a horse, on a camel.
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Fantastic.
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Well, we've looked at the four steps, position, location, time, and transportation with in, on, at.
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You've done an amazing job.
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It's really not easy remembering all of these rules.
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If you liked the video, don't forget to subscribe so you never miss another lesson.
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Do you want some homework?
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Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 A2 级别的口语课以视频“IN ON AT? How do I use these prepositions?”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：transportation, step, location, activity, lesson。 这段视频共有 123 个句子、829 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 11:07。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 75 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| lesson 名词 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /课业, -課 /-课 |
| desk 名词 | /dɛsk/ | 書桌 /书桌, 寫字檯 /寫字枱 /寫字臺 /寫字台 |
| homework 名词 | /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ | 作業 /作业, 家庭作業 /家庭作业 |
| taxi 名词 | /ˈtæksi/ | 出租汽車 /出租汽车, 出租車 /出租车 |
| confuse 动词 | /kənˈfjuːz/ | 讓……困惑 /让……困惑 |
| phrase 名词 | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | 短語 /短语, 片語 /片语 |
| autumn 名词 | /ˈɔtəm/ | чютян, 秋天 |
| laptop 名词 | /ˈlæp.tɑp/ | 手提電腦 /手提电脑, 手提計算機 /手提计算机 |
| noon 名词 | /nun/ | 中午, 正午 |
| lamp 名词 | /ˈlæ̝mp/ | 燈 /灯, 電燈 /电灯 |
| subscribe 动词 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 簽署 /签署 |
| clarify 动词 | /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/ | 澄清 |
| notebook 名词 | /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ | 筆記本 /笔记本, 本子 |
| rainy 形容词 | /ˈɹeɪni/ | 多雨 |
| poop 名词 | /ˈpuːp/ | 大便, 便便 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| work out 动词 | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | 計算 /计算, 算出 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- When do I use in, on, at?
- My son, he's at school.
- Remember if you're going somewhere use to.
- What do you like doing on a rainy day?
- Do you want some homework?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | we've looked · You've done |
| 过去进行时 was/were + -ing — 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 | was working |
| 现在进行时 am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在发生的事 | is waiting · you're speaking · you're going |
| “will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测 | will feel · I'll see · You'll need |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 25 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, you're, I'll。请按听到的简短形式来说。
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: desk /dɛsk/, homework /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, clock /klɑk/, phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/, lorry /ˈlɔɹi/
- /æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: taxi /ˈtæksi/, laptop /ˈlæp.tɑp/, sandwich /ˈsæn(d).wɪd͡ʒ/, lamp /ˈlæ̝mp/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 lesson, desk, homework 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。