跟读练习: Misemployment - 通过视频学习英语口语

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1
Whenever unemployment comes down - even if only very slightly - it sounds like really good news. It's great that productive forces in the economy are growing and there’ll be a little more money in people's pockets soon But if one gets more ambitious about human potential, the picture gets more complicated and darker than what governments make out.
2
Unemployment means being, generically, out of work.
3
But let’s coin a new word: MISEMPLOYMENT It means being in work but of a kind that fails to tackle with any real sincerity the true needs of other people: merely exciting them to unsatisfactory desires and pleasures instead; the way Primark, Patek Philippe and youporn.com might.
4
This man is misemployed: Similarly, a man employed by the Sands Casino in Las Vegas to hand out flyers to tourists in order to entice them to use slot machines is clearly 'employed' in the technical sense.
5
He's marked as being off the unemployment registers. He is receiving a wage in return for helping to solve some (small) puzzle of the human condition of interest to his employers: that not enough tourists might otherwise leave the blue skies and heat of main street to enter the air-conditioned halls of an Egyptian-themed casino.
6
The man is indeed employed, but he’s also in truth dramatically misemployed.
7
His labour is generating capital, but it is making no contribution to human welfare and flourishing. He is joined in the misemployment ranks by people who make cigarettes, addictive but sterile television shows, badly designed condos, ill-fitting and shoddy clothes, deceptive advertisements, artery-clogging biscuits and highly-sugared drinks.
8
The rate of misemployment in modern economies is very high.
9
While we may be genuinely grateful for any job we’re given, at the back of our minds we all - as employees - hope for something else: that our work can contribute in some real way to the common good; that we can make a modest difference.
10
Governments have, with some success, been learning techniques to reduce the overall rate of unemployment. In the language of the field, they do this by 'stimulating demand.' Though technically effective, this method fails to draw any distinction between good and bad demand and therefore between employment and misemployment.
11
The real trick to bringing down the rate of misemployment isn't just to stimulate demand per se, it’s to stimulate the right sort of demand: to excite people to buy the ingredients of true satisfaction, to want the things that really matter, and therefore to give individuals and businesses a chance to direct their labour, and make profits, in meaningful areas of the economy.
12
Employment figures aren’t irrelevant - they matter a great deal. They are the first things to be attended to. But these raw figures mask a more ambitious index we should get around to building in the future: one that measures misemployment and hence shows how intelligently and responsibly we are deploying human capital, that is, using up people’s lives.
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本课的词汇与口语要点

这段视频共有 12 个句子、493 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:52。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 172 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 76% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词发音释义
unemployment 名词/ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/失業 /失业
employ 动词/ɪmˈplɔɪ/雇傭, 雇
stimulate 动词/ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/刺激
casino 名词/kəˈsiːnəʊ/賭場 /赌场, 卡西諾 /卡西诺
ambitious 形容词/æmˈbɪʃ.əs/有雄心, 遠大 /远大
pocket 名词/ˈpɑ.kɪt/口袋, 荷包
trick 名词/ˈtɹɪk/詭計 /诡计, 騙術 /骗术
complicated 形容词/ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/複雜 /复杂
technique 名词/tɛkˈniːk/技術 /技术, 技巧
wage 名词/weɪd͡ʒ/工資 /工资, 薪金
welfare 名词/ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/福利, 幸福
solve 动词/sɒlv/解決 /解决
hence 副词/ˈhɛns/從這裡 /从这里, 從這兒 /从这儿
merely 副词/ˈmɪəli/只是, 只不過 /只不过
grateful 形容词/ˈɡɹeɪtf(ə)l/感激, 感謝 /感谢

视频中出现的短语动词

单词发音释义
come down 动词下來 /下来, 降
hand out 动词分配
make out 动词/meɪk aʊt/派遣

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的is misemployed · is indeed · is joined
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物people who make

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 4 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 aren't, isn't, there'll。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/
  • 长单词——注意重音位置: unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 unemployment, employ, stimulate 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →