跟讀練習: Misemployment - 通過影片學習英語口語
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12 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
Whenever unemployment comes down - even if only very slightly - it sounds like really good news. It's great that productive forces in the economy are growing and there’ll be a little more money in people's pockets soon But if one gets more ambitious about human potential, the picture gets more complicated and darker than what governments make out.
2
Unemployment means being, generically, out of work.
3
But let’s coin a new word: MISEMPLOYMENT It means being in work but of a kind that fails to tackle with any real sincerity the true needs of other people: merely exciting them to unsatisfactory desires and pleasures instead; the way Primark, Patek Philippe and youporn.com might.
4
This man is misemployed: Similarly, a man employed by the Sands Casino in Las Vegas to hand out flyers to tourists in order to entice them to use slot machines is clearly 'employed' in the technical sense.
5
He's marked as being off the unemployment registers. He is receiving a wage in return for helping to solve some (small) puzzle of the human condition of interest to his employers: that not enough tourists might otherwise leave the blue skies and heat of main street to enter the air-conditioned halls of an Egyptian-themed casino.
6
The man is indeed employed, but he’s also in truth dramatically misemployed.
7
His labour is generating capital, but it is making no contribution to human welfare and flourishing. He is joined in the misemployment ranks by people who make cigarettes, addictive but sterile television shows, badly designed condos, ill-fitting and shoddy clothes, deceptive advertisements, artery-clogging biscuits and highly-sugared drinks.
8
The rate of misemployment in modern economies is very high.
9
While we may be genuinely grateful for any job we’re given, at the back of our minds we all - as employees - hope for something else: that our work can contribute in some real way to the common good; that we can make a modest difference.
10
Governments have, with some success, been learning techniques to reduce the overall rate of unemployment. In the language of the field, they do this by 'stimulating demand.' Though technically effective, this method fails to draw any distinction between good and bad demand and therefore between employment and misemployment.
11
The real trick to bringing down the rate of misemployment isn't just to stimulate demand per se, it’s to stimulate the right sort of demand: to excite people to buy the ingredients of true satisfaction, to want the things that really matter, and therefore to give individuals and businesses a chance to direct their labour, and make profits, in meaningful areas of the economy.
12
Employment figures aren’t irrelevant - they matter a great deal. They are the first things to be attended to. But these raw figures mask a more ambitious index we should get around to building in the future: one that measures misemployment and hence shows how intelligently and responsibly we are deploying human capital, that is, using up people’s lives.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 12 個句子、493 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 2:52。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 172 個詞，接近日常對話。 只有 76% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| unemployment 名詞 | /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ | 失業 /失業 |
| employ 動詞 | /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ | 僱傭, 僱 |
| stimulate 動詞 | /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/ | 刺激 |
| casino 名詞 | /kəˈsiːnəʊ/ | 賭場 /賭場, 卡西諾 /卡西諾 |
| ambitious 形容詞 | /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ | 有雄心, 遠大 /遠大 |
| pocket 名詞 | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | 口袋, 荷包 |
| trick 名詞 | /ˈtɹɪk/ | 詭計 /詭計, 騙術 /騙術 |
| complicated 形容詞 | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | 複雜 /複雜 |
| technique 名詞 | /tɛkˈniːk/ | 技術 /技術, 技巧 |
| wage 名詞 | /weɪd͡ʒ/ | 工資 /工資, 薪金 |
| welfare 名詞 | /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ | 福利, 幸福 |
| solve 動詞 | /sɒlv/ | 解決 /解決 |
| hence 副詞 | /ˈhɛns/ | 從這裡 /從這裡, 從這兒 /從這兒 |
| merely 副詞 | /ˈmɪəli/ | 只是, 只不過 /只不過 |
| grateful 形容詞 | /ˈɡɹeɪtf(ə)l/ | 感激, 感謝 /感謝 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| come down 動詞 | 下來 /下來, 降 | |
| hand out 動詞 | 分配 | |
| make out 動詞 | /meɪk aʊt/ | 派遣 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | is misemployed · is joined · be attended |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | people who make |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 4 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 aren't, isn't, there'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 unemployment, employ, stimulate 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。