跟讀練習: Why Parents Bully Their Children - 通過影片學習英語口語

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What is the most strange and saddest phenomena of psychological life?

One of the strangest and saddest phenomena of psychological life is that there are parents, too many parents, who end up,

while sometimes only half realizing it, bullying their own children.

Why do parents bully their children?

In short, in order to try to feel better about themselves themselves.

Because they suffer intensely in the very same area that they are choosing to bully their child in.

Someone made them feel awful and they surmise,

by twisted logic, that they will feel better through the process of making their own child feel very bad indeed.

They aren't doing it personally.

The child is just collateral damage to a misguided project of healing and an attenuation of symptoms.

It doesn't make any sense, of course, but But it may actually work for the parent for a time.

Let's imagine a parent who harbours a terrible fear of being stupid.

Somewhere in their own past, they were belittled and made to feel hugely inadequate.

Now a child comes along, their own child, full of the normal hesitations and weaknesses of early infancy.

Without really realising what they're up to, the parent grows inflamed and incensed by this child's apparent stupidity

and starts to mock and attack in another person what they fear and hate in themselves.

It makes them feel a bit better.

The child becomes a repository of all that they fail to tolerate in themselves.

They, the child, are the dumb one, so they, the parent, don't have to be.

They, the child, are the stupid and ugly one, so they, the parent, don't have to be.

And therefore, the parent is liberated to live more easily within itself self.

The bad is contained and localised.

It can't be in them if it's all in little him or her.

It can take bullied children a very long time to realise that they have even been bullied.

They don't after all grow up thinking

that someone else has actually made them feel stupid or made them feel ugly or made them feel soiled,

let alone their own parent whom they depend on and admire and long to be loved by.

They simply think that they are stupid, ugly and soiled.

There is no call for an explanation or a cause.

Yet, if we are those now grown -up bullied children, we don't need to wonder too much more about what might have happened to us.

We simply need to take stock of how we feel about ourselves

and guess that the terrible judgements and sensations that we have about ourselves did not arise spontaneously.

The feelings we harbour of ourselves are legacies of real occurrences in the world.

Someone who isn't necessarily owning up to it made us feel a certain way

and that is why now we are in such pain.

Typically, those who've been bullied don't look backwards.

Their illnesses point them relentlessly to the present and the future.

The bullied anticipate terrible things happening to them that echo events

that once happened to them but that they don't remember in any way.

They are causeless paranoiacs, self -haters and warriors.

Catastrophe is never far away.

A person feels they're ugly because two decades ago a mother made them feel as such.

A person feels they've done something very wrong because even further back someone did something very wrong to them.

The fear contains the imprint of unconscious history.

We overcome our bullying when we learn to discriminate between what actually belongs to us and what was placed in us.

Between who we are and what we've been told we are.

Between how our caregivers like to present themselves and what they've actually done.

Our triggers and apprehensions lie along the fault lines of our early traumas.

So they can guide us back to what we suffered through when we are ready to explore.

We're on our way to overcoming bullying when we can say at last, I'm not ugly, I was made to feel unacceptable.

I haven't done anything wrong.

Something wrong was done to me.

And in general, I am not awful.

Something awful happened to me.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“Why Parents Bully Their Children”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：parent, bullied, ugly, themselves, stupid。這段影片共有 54 個句子、701 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 4:07。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 170 個詞，接近日常對話。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
bully 名詞	/ˈbʊli/	霸凌者, 土霸
ugly 形容詞	/ˈʌɡli/	難看 /難看, 醜 /醜
awful 形容詞	/ˈɔːfʊl/	壞 /壞, 糟糕
bullying 名詞	/ˈbʊ.li.ɪŋ/	欺負 /欺負, 恃強欺弱 /恃強欺弱
suffer 動詞	/ˈsʌfɚ/	受苦, 遭受
soil 名詞	/sɔɪl/	土壤, 泥土
overcome 動詞	/ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/	征服, 克服
phenomenon 名詞	/fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/	現象 /現象
necessarily 副詞	/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/	必然地, 必定地
explanation 名詞	/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/	解釋 /解釋, 說明 /說明
illness 名詞	/ˈɪl.nəs/	疾病, 病症
belong 動詞	/bɪˈlɒŋ/	屬於 /屬於
legacy 名詞	/ˈlɛɡəsi/	遺產 /遺產
apparent 形容詞	/əˈpæɹənt/	明確的
explore 動詞	/ɪkˈsploɹ/	探索, 探險 /探險

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
grow up 動詞	長大 /長大
come along 動詞	陪伴, 陪同
end up 動詞	到達

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	were belittled · is liberated · is contained
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	have even been bullied · has actually made · who've been bullied

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 19 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, they're, they've。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, unconscious /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, hesitation /ˌhɛzɪˈteɪʃən/, apprehension /æp.ɹiˈhɛn.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, unacceptable /ˌʌn.ækˈsɛp.tə.bl̩/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, caregiver /ˈkɛɹɡɪvɚ/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: illness /ˈɪl.nəs/, apparent /əˈpæɹənt/, twist /twɪst/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, weakness /ˈwik.nɪs/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, tolerate /ˈtɑ.lə.ɹeɪt/, collateral /kəˈlætəɹəl/, liberate /ˈlɪbəˌɹeɪt/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 bully, ugly, awful 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Why Parents Bully Their Children - 通過影片學習英語口語

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