跟读练习: The Neuroscience of Creativity - 通过视频学习英语口语
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29 句
如果句子过短或过长，请点击 Edit 进行调整。
1
This little guy is a nematode worm - it’s transparent, about 1mm in length and one of the simplest animals with a nervous system.
这个小家伙是一种线虫——它通体透明，体长约1毫米，是拥有神经系统的最简单的动物之一。
2
And his name is Steve.
他的名字叫史蒂夫。
3
Steve does something quite curious... he doesn’t just follow food scents.
史蒂夫做了件相当奇怪的事……他不只是追踪食物的气味。
4
He also explores his environment – thoroughly.
他还会探索周围的环境，而且探索得非常彻底。
5
As if he wants to know what else is out there.
他好像还想知道外面还有些什么。
6
This worm shows a basic form of curiosity.
这种蠕虫表现出一种基本形式的好奇心。
7
And Steve does this even though he only has 383 brain cells or neurons… compared to the 86 billion neurons in your human brain.
史蒂夫的大脑只有383个脑细胞，也就是神经元，而人类大脑有860亿个神经元，即便如此，他还是能做到这一点。
8
Your brain is also curious, it’s constantly looking for the next new thing.
你的大脑也充满好奇心，会不断寻找下一个新鲜事物。
9
But unlike a worm, our desire for novelty has led us to innovate and create.
但与蠕虫不同的是，我们对新奇事物的渴望促使我们不断创新和创造。
10
Our high levels of creativity are thanks to the unique makeup of our restless brains.
我们之所以拥有高水平的创造力，要归功于我们永不停歇的大脑的独特构造。
11
So what exactly makes your brain so creative?
12
Well, this mass of 86 billion neurons is organised in a pretty special way.
13
Roughly speaking, one group of neurons sense the environment, and another group react to it.
14
In most animal brains, there’s a hard-wired path from the sensing neurons to acting neurons.
15
In your human brain though, there are lots of paths connecting the two.
16
Way more than what we need to perform vital tasks.
17
So these surplus neurons form tangled networks that generate random, spontaneous thoughts.
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And researchers are starting to pinpoint how these random thoughts become creative ideas.
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In a 2016 study, researchers found that creativity seems to depend on the cooperation of two competing brain networks: one that generates spontaneous thoughts and the executive control center of the brain that governs everything else.
20
To produce new ideas, we start with a pool of random, free-flowing thoughts – those worthy of further exploration are then approved by executive control.
21
And then, when researchers asked people to plan an artwork, cooperation between these two networks went up.
22
And the effect was stronger in professional artists.
23
Virtually all other research points to a similar conclusion: That no one area of your brain is responsible for creative thought.
24
Rather, many interacting processes by large-scale brain networks work together to give birth to a great idea.
25
And a new theory suggests these brain networks seem to be doing three things: They bend what we see, break what we expect and finally, they blend things with...other things.
26
Your restless brain is full of great ideas – just waiting to be realised.
27
This is the first of a three part series on creativity.
28
Next up, can you become more creative?
29
If we all have this amazing machinery in our brains, why are some people more creative than others?
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 29 个句子、433 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:59。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 145 个词，很适合跟读。 只有 80% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| creativity 名词 | /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/ | 創造力 /创造力, 創造性 /创造性 |
| researcher 名词 | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | 研究員 /研究员, 研究者 |
| worm 名词 | /wɝm/ | 蠕蟲 /蠕虫 |
| curious 形容词 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇, 有好奇心 |
| cooperation 名词 | /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 合作, 協作 /协作 |
| spontaneous 形容词 | /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/ | 自发的 |
| restless 形容词 | /ˈɹɛstlɪs/ | 不眠的 |
| compare 动词 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比较 |
| wire 名词 | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | 線 /线, 鐵絲 /铁丝 |
| conclusion 名词 | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | 結束 /结束 |
| compete 动词 | /kəmˈpiːt/ | 競爭 /竞争, 高下 |
| connect 动词 | /kəˈnɛkt/ | 連接 /连接 |
| vital 形容词 | /ˈvaɪtəl/ | 生命的 |
| explore 动词 | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | 探索, 探險 /探险 |
| worthy 形容词 | /ˈwɝ.ði/ | 配稱 /配称 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| go up 动词 | 上昇 /上升, 上去 |
需要注意的发音
- “th” 音: worthy /ˈwɝ.ði/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, machinery /məˈʃiːnəɹi/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: creativity /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/, virtually /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 creativity, researcher, worm 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。