تدريب Shadowing: Does God exist? Science does not have an answer. - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Today we will talk about whether God exists.
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I know that some of you have been wondering what has happened to me that I go on about this, but I swear at the end of this video it would all make sense.
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First, of course, I have to be clear what kind of God I'm talking about.
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I'm talking about the old -fashioned personal God, the one who listens to prayers
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and who tells you how to be a good person
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and who sorts the good from the bad in afterlife life and so on.
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Some variants of this god are in actual conflict with evidence.
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Say if you believe that evolution does not happen or that praying cures cancer and so on.
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If you want to defend such beliefs, you are in the wrong channel, goodbye.
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I will assume that you are here because you, as I, want to understand what we can learn from nature.
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So, ignoring evidence is not an option what we have then
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is a god who is consistent with all our observations
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but who himself does not result in any additional observable consequences
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if you want to explain observations then the scientific theories of
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the day are the best you can do adding god on
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top does not make the theories any more useful by useful i mean concretely
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that a theory allows you to calculate patterns in data data in a way
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that is quantifiably simpler than just collecting the data.
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Example, the standard model of particle physics.
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It allows you to calculate what happens in particle collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.
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Now you can say I take the standard model plus the hypothesis that it was made by God.
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But adding God does not simplify the calculations.
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So, God is superfluous.
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Not wrong, but unnecessary.
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The scientific approach is then to prefer the standard model without God.
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This is, of course, nothing else but Occam's razor.
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You make a theory as simple as possible.
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Without this requirement, science just does not work, because you would be allowed to add all kinds of unnecessary clutter to your hypothesis.
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Now, as we discussed previously, scientists say that something exists if it is an element of a theory that is useful to explain observations.
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The Higgs boson exists in this very sense, and so do black holes and gravitational waves.
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On the other hand, if something is not useful to explain observations, as is the case with God, science does not say it does not exist.
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Instead, it doesn't say anything about whether it exists
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or not it cannot say anything
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because science is about what is observable personally i'm not sure
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what sense it makes to postulate the existence of something
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that has no observable consequences but it is certainly something you can believe in
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if you want to it's just that science cannot say anything about it
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so as some of you have pointed out correctly god could be said to exist in a different way than, say, elementary particles.
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Some have suggested to call it immaterial existence, but I find this misleading because space and time are also immaterial,
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but they do exist in a scientific sense.
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Some have suggested to call it non -physical existence, but this raises the impression that it has something to do with physics in particular, which is also misleading.
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what it really is is a non -scientific type of existence
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or let us just call it what it is it's a
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religious type of existence god exists in the religious way an element of a hypothesis
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that does not result in observable consequences exists in the religious way
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so here's my next homework assignment does the multiverse exist i
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think most of you will understand now what i'm getting at here.
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If you are not sure just what the multiverse is, I have another video upcoming in a few hours that briefly summarizes what this is all about.
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So stay tuned and don't forget to subscribe.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 49 جملة و671 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:11. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 160 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 83% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

  • observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ (اسم) — رَصْد, مُشَاهَدَة. The act of observing, and the fact of being observed (see observance)
  • consequence /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/ (اسم) — عَاقِبَة, نَتِيجَة. An effect; something that follows a cause as a result.
  • particle /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/ (اسم) — جُسَيْم, ذَرَّة. A very small piece of matter, a fragment; especially, the smallest possible part of something.
  • hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/ (اسم) — فَرْضِيَّة. A tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem and that can be tested by further observation, investigation, or…
  • element /ˈɛləmənt/ (اسم) — عُنْصُر. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.
  • physics /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ (اسم) — فِيزِيَاء, فِيزِيقَا. The branch of science concerned with the study of the properties and interactions of space, time, matter and energy.
  • unnecessary /ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/ (صفة) — غَيْر ضَرُورِيّ. Not needed or necessary.
  • calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ (فعل) — حَسَبَ. To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process.
  • consistent /kənˈsɪs.tənt/ (صفة) — مُتَّسِق. Of a regularly occurring, dependable nature.
  • ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː/ (فعل) — تَجَاهَلَ, طَنَّش. To deliberately not listen or pay attention to.
  • defend /dɪˈfɪnd/ (فعل) — دَافَعَ. To ward off attacks against (something or someone).
  • belief /bɪˈliːf/ (اسم) — اِعْتِقَاد. Mental acceptance of a claim as true.
  • prayer /pɹɛɚ/ (اسم) — صَلَاة, دُعَاء. A practice of communicating with one's God, or with some spiritual entity.
  • evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ (اسم) — تَطَوُّر. A manoeuvre of troops or ships.
  • pray /pɹeɪ/ (فعل) — صَلَّى, دَعَا. To direct words, thoughts, or one's attention to a deity or any higher being, for the sake of adoration, thanks, petition for help, etc.

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

  • talk about (فعل) — تَكَلَّمَ فِي, تَكَلَّمَ عَلَى. Used to draw attention to the speaker's characterization of someone or something.
  • point out (فعل) — أَشَارَ. To identify among a group of similar subjects, or in a scene where the subject might not be readily seen or noticed, with a gesture of the body.

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 6 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, doesn't, don't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, collision /kəˈlɪʒn̩/, calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/, unnecessary /ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, elementary /ˌɛləˈmɛntəɹi/, observable /əbˈzɜː.və.bəl/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل observation, consequence, particle.

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhas happened · have pointed · have suggested
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهwas made · would be allowed · could be said
جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيءone who listens · particular, which is

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →