تدريب Shadowing: First reactions | Francis Halzen, Nobel Prize in Physics 2026 | telephone interview - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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86 جمل
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Hello.
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Oh, hello.
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Am I speaking with Francis Halsan?
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Speaking.
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Hello, my name is Adam Smith.
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You are lucky you're talking to me because I only answered because, you know, I thought it was a call from Sweden,
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but I'm glad to talk to you.
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I'm very glad to talk to you.
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Thank you very much indeed.
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And lucky me that you recognize the Swedish prefix.
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Thank you.
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May I just start by asking, how did the news actually reach you?
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How did you learn that you'd been awarded the Nobel Prize?
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You know, I am travelling.
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I travelled between, I was at a science festival in Bergamo over the weekend.
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I was sitting in my hotel room writing a proposal.
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As I joked in one of the meetings, I hope it helps to get it funded.
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Let's hope so, because finding time to finish it is going to be hard, I'm afraid, yes.
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Yes, I'm afraid so too.
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You know, just like Ice Cube, I have talented collaborators, so they always help me survive.
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I'll come through this one as well.
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I mean, if we think of Ice Cube and its extraordinary beauty
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and size there in the translucent ice under the South Pole, you and your collaborators must be very proud
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well yeah and in fact my uh main reaction to this project over time was not proud
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but was surprised you know i gave a talk very early
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on the in the project at a conference in venice where I said, this is a detector, Deo Volante, which means God willing.
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And I listed all the hurdles we had to overcome.
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And among these hurdles, you know, we overcame them all, evidently.
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That's why I'm here.
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But was the fact that we didn't really know what the optics of the ice was, which is crucial because it's a particle detector that detects light.
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And so we made this incredible discovery that blue light that we detect can travel for hundreds of meters through this ice.
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And that was totally unexpected as well.
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So beyond all the other risks of whether hot water drilling would work and whether we could beat the backgrounds,
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this was what really made the project possible and that was pure luck.
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After the fact that it's totally normal,
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this is ancient snow that fell on Antarctica 50 ,000 years ago and it's ultra -pure and that's why it's so transparent.
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But we really didn't have the guarantee of that.
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But I suppose fortune favours the bold and in your case everything fell into place.
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As I said, at every step, my reaction was surprise rather than pride.
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And now this ushers in this dawn of a new era of neutrino astronomy.
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I know that it's early days, but what do these neutrinos allow us to see?
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Well, the first source we really identified by ourselves was an active galaxy
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and the data of that active galaxy tell us
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that the neutrinos are produced very close to the black hole at the center of that galaxy.
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And it's an active galaxy, so it has a supermassive black hole
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and the core of the galaxy is surrounded by plasma which produces the target to produce these neutrinos.
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This is obviously a place from which light doesn't escape.
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It can, with great difficulty, maybe be studied with radio telescopes. But
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so our first detection of a source is already an example
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of looking into the very close regions of the black hole where presumably only neutrinos escape.
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That's extraordinary.
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This is just one example of the concept for which we all thought that the neutrino astronomy was promising.
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As someone mentioned in the press conference,
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it's actually, in retrospect, the most amazing thing is that we got funded for this project.
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The National Science Foundation should take great credit for this.
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And also the environment that you were able to work in, Wisconsin, which has obviously been very supportive for you.
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Yes, incredibly.
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In two ways.
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Wisconsin has always been a place that has tolerated unconventional physics and unconventional ideas.
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We got instant support at the very early stages of the project.
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Where, as I said, this project, everybody thought, is a cute idea that won't work.
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We got the support from the chancellor of the administration, and we were not just lucky.
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In a sense that the University of Wisconsin had a decision to create a laboratory
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that could actually build equipment of the type required and the size and the sophistication required for this project.
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It's called the Physical Sciences Laboratory.
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It's kind of a non -profit, high -tech lab.
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And the very talented technicians, engineers that were available to us there played a major role.
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And that's where, you know,
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for instance, the hot water drilling equipment that was so critical for achieving the deployment of these sensors.
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That's where it was designed and built.
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And so most universities over the years had gotten rid of these labs,
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but Wisconsin was one of the few places which maintained this capability, and that's what made IceCube possible there.
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I just wanted to finish by just reflecting on this extraordinary thing
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that this new era will allow you to use neutrinos to look to the very edges of the universe
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and to the very beginnings of time.
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I mean, there is so much to be discovered, isn't there?
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That's right.
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And so someone asked me what will be this, what will the neutrino astronomer be like 50 years from now?
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There's no way to answer that question.
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I wouldn't like to answer that question for, if you ask me, one year from now.
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you know we have been consistently making new discoveries over the 15 years
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that we have been taking data that's my my real wish
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that this may continue
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and it will young people around the world will be saying this is the field for me then i hope
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so it's been a joy speaking to you thank you very
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much indeed thank you very much thank you bye bye now
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 86 جملة و1014 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 7:43. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 131 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 83% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| galaxy اسم | /ˈɡæl.ək.si/ | مَجَرَّة |
| extraordinary صفة | /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/ | اِسْتِثْنَائِيّ, غَيْرُ عَادِيّ |
| discovery اسم | /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/ | اِكْتِشَاف |
| laboratory اسم | /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ | مَعْمَل, مُخْتَبَر |
| overcome فعل | /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ | هَزَمَ, غَلَبَ |
| drill اسم | /dɹɪl/ | مِثْقَاب, بريمة |
| detect فعل | /dɪˈtɛkt/ | كَشَفَ |
| astronomy اسم | /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/ | فَلَك, عِلْم الْفَلَك |
| proposal اسم | /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ | مُقْتَرَح, اِقْتِرَاح |
| guarantee اسم | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | ضَمَان, ضَمَانَة |
| discover فعل | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | اِكْتَشَفَ |
| physics اسم | /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ | فِيزِيَاء, فِيزِيقَا |
| reflect فعل | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | عَكَسَ |
| instant اسم | /ˈɪnstənt/ | لَحْظَة |
| difficulty اسم | /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ | صُعُوبَة |
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | been awarded · are produced · is surrounded |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has always been · have been · it's been |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | Volante, which means · was, which is · Wisconsin, which has |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 14 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, didn't, doesn't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, detection /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/, technician /tɛkˈnɪʃən/, usher /ˈʌʃəɹ/, sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/, astronomy /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل galaxy, extraordinary, discovery.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.