تدريب Shadowing: Globalization explained (explainity® explainer video) - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Globalisation is a widely discussed topic it is therefore not all
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that easy to explain such a complicated term in simple words
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let's start from the beginning with the background to globalization advances in technology such as mobile phones airplanes telephones
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and the internet have made the growth of transport
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and communication networks possible amongst other things this means that people
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and countries can exchange information and goods more quickly
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and in a less complicated way this process is called globalization globalization comes from globe
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and means the worldwide coming together of countries and nations let's look at an example
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Companies used to manufacture products in their home countries, just like the companies ProfiTV and SuperColor, who produce televisions in country A.
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Their products are in direct competition with each other, but both companies pay the same salaries and production costs.
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They have the same customers, use similar suppliers and sell televisions at similar prices.
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In short, the same conditions apply to both companies.
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So far, so good.
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Due to technical, cultural and economic developments that have come about through globalisation, other companies, which manufacture products under different conditions,
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can now offer their products in country A too.
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That's why a company from country B can sell televisions here at a lower price, because they were produced for less.
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The local firms Supercolour and ProfiTV have to react to withstand the competition.
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And so the world grows closer together, and there is an active exchange of goods between countries.
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More affordable products are available for more people.
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However, not only does an exchange of products and economic goods take place, but also of services, knowledge, cultural goods and even languages.
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All of these individual elements are closely linked and influence each other.
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But where there is light, there is also shadow.
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Because of globalization and this intense exchange of goods, people and the environment often suffer.
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If a company decides to move production to an economically disadvantaged country, people in industrialized countries lose their jobs.
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At the same time, job opportunities open up to many locals in the economically disadvantaged country.
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Many people in these countries work for very little money in comparison to those in industrialised countries.
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Therefore, they often remain poor and more often than not, do not have sufficient insurance, social insurance or health insurance cover.
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A further disadvantage of globalisation is ecological problems such as climate change.
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The use of aeroplanes, ships and lorries to transport goods over international borders is constantly on the increase.
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This causes more carbon dioxide to be released into the atmosphere, which, in turn, is the main cause of global warming.
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Even national environmental standards are ignored.
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This is a further cost factor in the worldwide international site competition, which should be kept as low as possible to be attractive for a company.
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There are therefore many sides to globalization which affect almost all aspects of life,
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causing me to think that the chain of positive and negative effects will continue to grow further.
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What's important is to realise that globalisation itself is neither good nor bad.
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It just depends how people deal with all the new possibilities in the future.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “Globalization explained”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: countries, products, globalization, companies, globalisation. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 36 جملة و530 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:51. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 138 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 86% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| disadvantage اسم | /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/ | سَيِّئَة |
| complicated صفة | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | مُعَقَّد, مُرَكَّب |
| topic اسم | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | مَوْضُوع, مَوَاضِيع |
| ignore فعل | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | تَجَاهَلَ, طَنَّش |
| atmosphere اسم | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | جَو, غِلَاف جَوِّيّ |
| element اسم | /ˈɛləmənt/ | عُنْصُر |
| suffer فعل | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | تَأَلَّمَ, عَانَى |
| shadow اسم | /ˈʃædəʊ̯/ | ظِلّ, خَيَال |
| telephone اسم | /ˈtɛləˌfoʊn/ | هَاتِف, تِلِفون |
| intense صفة | /ɪnˈtɛns/ | شَدِيد |
| salary اسم | /ˈsæləɹi/ | رَاتِب, أَجْر |
| globe اسم | /ɡloʊb/ | كُرَة أَرْضِيَّة |
| airplane اسم | /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/ | طَائِرَة, طَيَّارَة |
| supplier اسم | /səˈplaɪə/ | مُزَوِّد, مُزَوِّدَة |
| ecological صفة | /ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ | بِيئِيّ, إِيكُولُوجِيّ |
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | is called · were produced · be released |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | have made · have come |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/, globalization /ˌɡloʊ.bə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, globalisation /ˌɡləʊ.bə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, economically /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kli/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, airplane /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, element /ˈɛləmənt/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, intense /ɪnˈtɛns/, sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل disadvantage, complicated, topic.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.