تدريب Shadowing: KS3 Chemistry - The periodic Table - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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In this video we're going to learn about the periodic table.
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So we'll cover what the periodic table tells us about the structure of atoms in different elements, how the table organises elements into metals and non-metals,
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what groups and periods are, and then also how patterns in reactions can be predicted using the periodic table.
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Let's begin by looking at what the periodic table tells us about different elements.
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Now the periodic table organises all of the known elements, and everything in the universe is created from different combinations of the elements in this table.
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Each element is shown in a separate box, so for instance this box shows copper and this one shows oxygen.
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If we use sodium as an example, we can see that every box contains three pieces of key information.
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Firstly we can see the one or two letter symbol for each element, in this case it's Na which stands for sodium.
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Next we can also see the number of protons each atom of that element has.
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Then lastly we can see this larger number here
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which tells us the total number of protons plus neutrons in an atom of that element.
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So now let's move on to see how the periodic table organises elements.
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Just like a book the periodic table is read from left to right and from top to bottom, with the elements arranged in order of an increasing number of protons.
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Sometimes you might see a zigzag line running along here, and this line separates the metals, shown here in orange, from the non-netals here on the right, shown in blue.
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Now the table's organised into vertical columns called groups and horizontal rows called periods.
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So starting on the far left, we have group 1, then groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.
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And then at the end, rather than group 8, it goes to group 0.
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Group 1 elements are known as the alkali metals, whilst group 7 are the halogens, and group 0 are the noble gases.
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This block in the middle here are all metals, but you don't need to worry about their group numbers, so just remember to skip them when you're counting your groups.
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Then to finish up, let's take a look at how patterns in reactions can be predicted using the periodic table.
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The first thing to know is that the elements within a group usually all have similar chemical properties.
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As an example, all the elements in group 1 here react strongly with water, and they're all soft and shiny.
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Meanwhile, all the elements in group 0 are really unreactive, which basically means that they're very unlikely to react with anything else.
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There are also patterns within groups though.
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In the case of group 1, they become more reactive as you go down the group.
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What this means is that even though all the elements are reactive, the elements lower down in group 1 react much more strongly than those higher up in the group.
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For instance, when lithium reacts with water it just fizzes a bit, but when rubidium reacts with water it explodes violently.
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On the other hand, if we look at group 7, the elements become less reactive as you go down the group.
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So fluorine is the most reactive while astartine is the least reactive.
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If you haven't heard yet you can find all of our videos on our website cognito.org.
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You'll also find questions, flashcards, exam style questions and past papers.
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And we track all of your progress so that you always know what to study next.
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sign up for free by clicking here or browse our playlist here on YouTube.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى C1 مبني على الفيديو “KS3 Chemistry - The periodic Table”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: element, table, periodic, reactive, metals. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 33 جملة و599 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:42. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 162 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 84% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
proton اسم/ˈpɹoʊ.tɑn/بْرُوتُون
atom اسم/ˈætəm/ذَرَّة
sodium اسم/ˈsəʊ.di.əm/صُودِيُوم
predict فعل/pɹɪˈdɪkt/تَنَبَّأَ
alkali اسم/ˈæl.kəˌlaɪ/قَلَوِيّ
flashcard اسم/ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/بِطَاقَة إِسْتَذْكَار, بِطَاقَة تَعْلِيمِيَّة
fluorine اسم/ˈflʊ(ə)ɹˌinفُلُور
neutron اسم/ˈnu.tɹɑn/نْيُوتْرُون, نُوتْرُون
rubidium اسم/ˌɹuːˈbɪd.i.əm/رُوبِيدِيُوم
lithium اسم/ˈlɪθi.əm/لِيثِيُوم
browse فعل/bɹaʊz/تَصَفَّحَ, اِسْتَعْرَضَ
playlist اسم/ˈpleɪˌlɪst/قَائِمَةُ التَّشْغِيلِ
violently ظرف/ˈvaɪ(ə)ləntli/بِعُنْف
firstly ظرف/ˈfɜɹstli/أَوَّلًا
explode فعل/ɪkˈsploʊd/اِنْفَجَرَ

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

الكلمةالمعنى
go down فعلنَزَلَ

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 8 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل they're, don't, haven't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: periodic /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk/, rubidium /ˌɹuːˈbɪd.i.əm/, violently /ˈvaɪ(ə)ləntli/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل proton, atom, sodium.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →