Shadowing-Übung: Game Theory Scene | 21(2008) | Now Playing - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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All right.
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Now, who can explain Newton's method and how you use it?
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Uh, you can use it to solve nonlinear equations.
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That's impressive.
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That's really good.
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I mean, I'm very impressed by that, especially since my class is called Non-Linear Equations.
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All right, now somebody tell me something I don't already know.
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Anyone?
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Bueller, anyone?
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Bueller?
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Newton stole it.
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I'm sorry?
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Newton stole it.
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Joseph Rafson published the same method 50 years earlier.
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If the start value is too far removed from true zero, then it fails.
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I'm sorry, what's your name?
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Ben.
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Ben Campbell.
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Ben.
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So Ben Campbell suggests that Joseph Rafson was the original author of this method.
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Well, if that's the case, then why didn't he get any credit?
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Well, for one thing, Newton had a better publicist.
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And for another, after 1700, we know very little about Rafson other than the fact that he discovered the Kabbalah about 300 years before Madonna.
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All right, now, let's give Ben a chance for some extra credit, shall we?
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We're gonna call this, um, the game show host problem, all right?
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Ben, suppose you're on a game show, and you are given a chance to choose from three different doors, all right?
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Now, behind one of the doors is a new car.
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Behind the other two, goats.
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Which door would you choose, Ben?
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How would you choose, Ben?
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Uh, door number one.
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Door number one.
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Ben chooses door number one.
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All right, now, the game show host, who, by the way, knows what's behind all the other doors, decides to open another door.
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Let's say he chooses door number three, behind which sits a goat.
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Now, Ben, game show host comes up to you and says, Ben, do you want to stay with door number one or go with door number two?
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Now, is it in your interest to switch your choice?
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Yeah.
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Well, wait.
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Remember, the host knows where the car is.
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So, how do you know he's not playing a trick on you, trying to use reverse psychology to get you to pick a goat?
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Well, I wouldn't really care.
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I mean, my answer's based on statistics, based on variable change.
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Variable change?
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He just asked you a simple question.
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Yeah, but it just changed everything.
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Enlighten us.
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Well, when I was originally asked to choose a door, I had a 33.3% chance of choosing right.
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But after he opens one of the doors and then re-offers me the choice, it's now 66.7% if I choose to switch.
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So, yeah, I'll take door number two and thank you for the extra 33.3%.
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Exactly.
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People remember, if you don't know which door to open, always account for variable change.
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Now, see, most people wouldn't take the switch out of paranoia,
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fear, emotions, but Mr. Campbell kept motions aside and let simple math get his ass into a brand new car.
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Which is better than that goat you've been driving around campus.
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All right, everybody.
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That's the end of the day.
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Thank you very much.
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Your graded papers are down here at the end down here
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at the end you can pick them up on your way out
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 60 Sätze und 526 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 3:13. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 164 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 85 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| goat Substantiv | /ɡoʊt/ | Ziege, Geiß |
| variable Adjektiv | [ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩] | variabel |
| steal Verb | /stiːl/ | stehlen, entwenden |
| equation Substantiv | /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/ | Ausgleich, Gleichgewicht |
| trick Substantiv | /ˈtɹɪk/ | List, Falle |
| impressive Adjektiv | /ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ | beeindruckend, eindrucksvoll |
| solve Verb | /sɒlv/ | lösen |
| discover Verb | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | entdecken |
| reverse Substantiv | /ɹɪˈvɝs/ | Gegenteil |
| psychology Substantiv | /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | Psychologie, Seelenkunde |
| emotion Substantiv | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | Gefühl, Empfindung f Emotion |
| mathematics Substantiv | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | Mathematik |
| impress Verb | /ɪmˈpɹɛs/ | beeindrucken |
| enlighten Verb | /ɪnˈlaɪtən/ | aufklären |
| nonlinear Adjektiv | nicht linear, nichtlinear |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 13 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel I'm, don't, wouldn't. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, paranoia /ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie goat, variable, steal.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.