シャドーイング練習: Game Theory Scene | 21(2008) | Now Playing - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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60 文
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1
All right.
2
Now, who can explain Newton's method and how you use it?
3
Uh, you can use it to solve nonlinear equations.
4
That's impressive.
5
That's really good.
6
I mean, I'm very impressed by that, especially since my class is called Non-Linear Equations.
7
All right, now somebody tell me something I don't already know.
8
Anyone?
9
Bueller, anyone?
10
Bueller?
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Newton stole it.
12
I'm sorry?
13
Newton stole it.
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Joseph Rafson published the same method 50 years earlier.
15
If the start value is too far removed from true zero, then it fails.
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I'm sorry, what's your name?
17
Ben.
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Ben Campbell.
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Ben.
20
So Ben Campbell suggests that Joseph Rafson was the original author of this method.
21
Well, if that's the case, then why didn't he get any credit?
22
Well, for one thing, Newton had a better publicist.
23
And for another, after 1700, we know very little about Rafson other than the fact that he discovered the Kabbalah about 300 years before Madonna.
24
All right, now, let's give Ben a chance for some extra credit, shall we?
25
We're gonna call this, um, the game show host problem, all right?
26
Ben, suppose you're on a game show, and you are given a chance to choose from three different doors, all right?
27
Now, behind one of the doors is a new car.
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Behind the other two, goats.
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Which door would you choose, Ben?
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How would you choose, Ben?
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Uh, door number one.
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Door number one.
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Ben chooses door number one.
34
All right, now, the game show host, who, by the way, knows what's behind all the other doors, decides to open another door.
35
Let's say he chooses door number three, behind which sits a goat.
36
Now, Ben, game show host comes up to you and says, Ben, do you want to stay with door number one or go with door number two?
37
Now, is it in your interest to switch your choice?
38
Yeah.
39
Well, wait.
40
Remember, the host knows where the car is.
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So, how do you know he's not playing a trick on you, trying to use reverse psychology to get you to pick a goat?
42
Well, I wouldn't really care.
43
I mean, my answer's based on statistics, based on variable change.
44
Variable change?
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He just asked you a simple question.
46
Yeah, but it just changed everything.
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Enlighten us.
48
Well, when I was originally asked to choose a door, I had a 33.3% chance of choosing right.
49
But after he opens one of the doors and then re-offers me the choice, it's now 66.7% if I choose to switch.
50
So, yeah, I'll take door number two and thank you for the extra 33.3%.
51
Exactly.
52
People remember, if you don't know which door to open, always account for variable change.
53
Now, see, most people wouldn't take the switch out of paranoia,
54
fear, emotions, but Mr. Campbell kept motions aside and let simple math get his ass into a brand new car.
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Which is better than that goat you've been driving around campus.
56
All right, everybody.
57
That's the end of the day.
58
Thank you very much.
59
Your graded papers are down here at the end down here
60
at the end you can pick them up on your way out

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が60文、単語が526語あります。 音声の長さは3:13です。 話す速さは1分あたり約164語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語12語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
goat 名詞/ɡoʊt/ヤギ, 山羊
variable 形容詞[ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩]可変, 変えられる
steal 動詞/stiːl/盗む
equation 名詞/ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/方程式
trick 名詞/ˈtɹɪk/欺き, 企み
impressive 形容詞/ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/印象的な
solve 動詞/sɒlv/解決する
discover 動詞/dɪˈskʌvə/発見する, 見つける
psychology 名詞/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/心理学, サイコロジー
emotion 名詞/ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/感情, 心緒
mathematics 名詞/mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/数学
paranoia 名詞/ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/パラノイア, 偏執病

注意したい発音

話し手はI'm, don't, wouldn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を13回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, paranoia /ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。goat, variable, stealなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →