Shadowing Practice: Game Theory Scene | 21(2008) | Now Playing - Learn English Speaking with Video

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All right.
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Now, who can explain Newton's method and how you use it?
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Uh, you can use it to solve nonlinear equations.
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That's impressive.
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That's really good.
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I mean, I'm very impressed by that, especially since my class is called Non-Linear Equations.
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All right, now somebody tell me something I don't already know.
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Anyone?
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Bueller, anyone?
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Bueller?
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Newton stole it.
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I'm sorry?
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Newton stole it.
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Joseph Rafson published the same method 50 years earlier.
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If the start value is too far removed from true zero, then it fails.
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I'm sorry, what's your name?
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Ben.
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Ben Campbell.
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Ben.
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So Ben Campbell suggests that Joseph Rafson was the original author of this method.
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Well, if that's the case, then why didn't he get any credit?
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Well, for one thing, Newton had a better publicist.
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And for another, after 1700, we know very little about Rafson other than the fact that he discovered the Kabbalah about 300 years before Madonna.
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All right, now, let's give Ben a chance for some extra credit, shall we?
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We're gonna call this, um, the game show host problem, all right?
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Ben, suppose you're on a game show, and you are given a chance to choose from three different doors, all right?
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Now, behind one of the doors is a new car.
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Behind the other two, goats.
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Which door would you choose, Ben?
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How would you choose, Ben?
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Uh, door number one.
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Door number one.
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Ben chooses door number one.
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All right, now, the game show host, who, by the way, knows what's behind all the other doors, decides to open another door.
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Let's say he chooses door number three, behind which sits a goat.
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Now, Ben, game show host comes up to you and says, Ben, do you want to stay with door number one or go with door number two?
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Now, is it in your interest to switch your choice?
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Yeah.
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Well, wait.
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Remember, the host knows where the car is.
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So, how do you know he's not playing a trick on you, trying to use reverse psychology to get you to pick a goat?
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Well, I wouldn't really care.
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I mean, my answer's based on statistics, based on variable change.
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Variable change?
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He just asked you a simple question.
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Yeah, but it just changed everything.
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Enlighten us.
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Well, when I was originally asked to choose a door, I had a 33.3% chance of choosing right.
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But after he opens one of the doors and then re-offers me the choice, it's now 66.7% if I choose to switch.
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So, yeah, I'll take door number two and thank you for the extra 33.3%.
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Exactly.
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People remember, if you don't know which door to open, always account for variable change.
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Now, see, most people wouldn't take the switch out of paranoia,
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fear, emotions, but Mr. Campbell kept motions aside and let simple math get his ass into a brand new car.
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Which is better than that goat you've been driving around campus.
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All right, everybody.
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That's the end of the day.
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Thank you very much.
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Your graded papers are down here at the end down here
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at the end you can pick them up on your way out

About This Lesson

You're practicing English with "Game Theory Scene | 21(2008) | Now Playing" using the Shadowing technique — a method originally developed for professional interpreter training.

Focus on sounding like the speaker — not just repeating words. With 15–30 minutes of daily practice, you'll build real-world speaking confidence.

What is the Shadowing Technique?

Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.