Shadowing-Übung: Why food is getting more expensive for everyone - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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Have you noticed that the price of your groceries has gone up?
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Bread, milk, cheese, eggs are all more expensive, and it's something we're seeing throughout most of the globe.
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So what is behind the price increase?
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The United Nations Food Price Index tracks the monthly change in the price of a basket of food items.
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The five commodities making up this basket are cereals, vegetable oils, sugar, meats and dairy products.
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In March of 2022, the index recorded the highest price levels in its three -decade history.
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It has since come off that high slightly, but is still well above levels seen in previous years.
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The UN body's chief economist warned prices won't be going back to normal anytime soon.
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They will continue increasing because we will not have the regular planting season for these two countries
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and that could have a significant effect in the world.
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The two countries he's referring to here are, unsurprisingly, Russia and Ukraine.
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Russia's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine and rising energy prices are the two main reasons why food is getting more costly.
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But why is food price inflation so widespread?
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Let's take a closer look.
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Prices are really complicated.
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They're shaped by all sorts of things.
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We've had the Ukraine crisis, which has really thrown the world's food system into disarray in some respects.
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Ukraine is one of the bread baskets of Europe.
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It's where we produce lots of our crops.
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Many of those crops have been unable to leave the country.
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And farmers right now in Ukraine are meant to be planting the next season's crops, and they haven't been able to.
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So we can expect these issues to continue as well.
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Ukraine is known for its fertile soils.
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It is a top exporter of sunflower oil, corn and grains.
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Ukraine and Russia combined produce more than a quarter of the global wheat supply.
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So you can understand how disruptions in these markets can cause massive shocks to our global food supply.
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For sure it is becoming a global problem.
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We are talking of around 50 countries
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that have more than 30 % of their imports dependent from Russian Federation
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and Ukraine and of those 20 countries have 50 % of their exports depending on Ukraine.
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For instance, look at some of the countries that are highly dependent on Russia and Ukraine for wheat imports.
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Eritrea, Armenia, Mongolia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Somalia get more than 90 % of their wheat imports from the two countries alone.
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Distressingly, there's a growing number of analysts, academics and policy makers saying that
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Russia is intentionally weaponizing food supplies as a part of Vladimir Putin's war strategy.
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The fear is that much of the developing world will starve as a result.
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As if that weren't enough to contend with, energy prices were already high before the war.
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The conflict has only made things worse.
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And that has trickled down to your food bill.
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We've seen rising gas prices, and that's increased the cost of fertilizers.
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And many farmers are reliant on these fertilizers, these industrially produced fertilizers, which rely on natural gas for their manufacture.
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So that's edged food prices up.
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Natural gas, which is used as a raw material and fuel for making nitrogen fertilizers, accounts for about 80 % of the production cost.
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With natural gas prices in Europe soaring almost 300 % over the last 12 months, the cost of fertilizers has naturally gone up too.
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Major producers such as China and Russia have also put export bans in place to protect their domestic markets.
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This is adding to the upheaval, affecting the type of crops being planted and the planting season.
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Some crops like wheat, rice and corn, for example, are highly reliant on fertilizers.
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In addition, the demand for alternatives to fossil fuels has led to the growth of biofuels, such as vegetable oils like palm and rapeseed oil.
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As more farmers grow these cash crops, this drives up the prices for other crops competing for a limited amount of land.
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And with inflation going through the roof, some governments have started to impose restrictions on the exports of their energy crops too.
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Towards the end of April, Indonesia, the world's largest exporter of vegetable oil, imposed a three -week ban on the international sales of its palm oil.
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Meanwhile, India also decided to ban exports of wheat, which, you may remember, is a fertilizer -intensive crop.
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Europe's trade chief says these decisions only make the situation worse.
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Countries are starting to take export restrictive measures and we think
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that this is a tendency which can actually only aggravate the problem.
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Financial services company Nomura warned that several major economies will fall into a recession next year.
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You could see recessions in certain countries more likely than others.
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For example, Europe.
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Europe spends a lot more money on food and fuel relative to GDP than for example the US or the UK.
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So it could be that that has a more direct and larger impact on people's ability to spend.
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Expand a little bit on that point.
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Let's step back and explain why this increase in food prices is a problem.
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So it's a problem because it limits the amount of disposable income that people have to spend on other items.
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And if you think about the people who are affected the most,
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it tends to be the poor because they have a much greater spend on those items relative to their total spending.
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So it could be really constraining for those households in particular, but for the economy as a whole.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Diese Sprechübung basiert auf dem Video „Why food is getting more expensive for everyone“. Diese Wörter kommen am häufigsten vor: price, Ukraine, crop, countries, fertilizer. Dieses Video enthält 49 Sätze und 922 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 5:52. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 157 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. Nur 80 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen, der Wortschatz ist also anspruchsvoll.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| crop Substantiv | /kɹɑp/ | Feldfrucht, Erntegut |
| export Substantiv | /ˈɛks.pɔɹt/ | Exportgut, Exportware |
| wheat Substantiv | /ˈwiːt/ | Weizen |
| farmer Substantiv | /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ | Landwirt, Landwirtin |
| import Substantiv | /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ | Importware, Importgut |
| basket Substantiv | /ˈbæskɪt/ | Korb |
| vegetable Substantiv | /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ | Gemüse |
| relative Substantiv | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | Verwandter, Blutsverwandter |
| dependent Adjektiv | /dɪˈpɛndənt/ | abhängig, angewiesen |
| palm Substantiv | /pɑm/ | Handfläche, Handteller |
| corn Substantiv | /ˈkɔːn/ | Getreide, Korn |
| inflation Substantiv | /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/ | Inflation, Geldentwertung |
| warn Verb | /woɹn/ | warnen, mahnen |
| recession Substantiv | /ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/ | Rezession |
| meanwhile Adverb | /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ | währenddessen, inzwischen |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| go up Verb | hinaufgehen, steigen | |
| come off Verb | sich ablösen, sich lösen | |
| make up Verb | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | wiedergutmachen, kompensieren |
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | Have you noticed · We've had · have been |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | are meant · is known · being planted |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | crisis, which has · gas, which is · tendency which can |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 7 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel we've, haven't, they're. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, recession /ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/, shock /ʃɔk/, invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒən/, intentionally /ɪnˈtɛn(t)ʃənəli/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, economist /iˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/, commodity /kəˈmɑdəti/, intentionally /ɪnˈtɛn(t)ʃənəli/
Laute, die Deutschsprachigen schwerfallen:
- /w/ — mit runden Lippen, nicht wie das deutsche „w“ (/v/): wheat /ˈwiːt/, warn /woɹn/, meanwhile /ˈmiːnwaɪl/, widespread /ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/, weaponize /ˈwɛpənaɪz/
- Stimmhafter Auslaut — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ am Wortende nicht verhärten: relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, household /ˈhaʊshoʊld/, egg /ɛɡ/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/
- /æ/ — offener als „ä“: basket /ˈbæskɪt/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/, analyst /ˈænəlɪst/, planting /ˈplæntɪŋ/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie crop, export, wheat.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.