Shadowing Practice: Cambridge IELTS 15 Test 4 Reading Passage 2 - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Silbo Gomero, the Whistle, Language, of the Canary Islands La Gomera is one of the Canary Islands situated in the Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of Africa.
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This small volcanic island is mountainous, with steep rocky slopes and deep wooded ravines, rising to 1,487 meters at its highest peak.
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It is also home to the best known of the world's whistle languages, a means of transmitting information over long distances which is perfectly adapted to the extreme terrain of the island.
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This language, known as silbo or silbo gomero, from the Spanish word for whistle, is now shedding light on the language processing abilities of the human brain, according to scientists.
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Researchers say that silbo activates parts of the brain normally associated with spoken language, suggesting that the brain is remarkably flexible in its ability to interpret sounds as language.
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Science has developed the idea of brain areas that are dedicated to language, and we are starting to understand the scope of signals that can be recognized as language,
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says David Carina, co-author of a recent study and associate professor of psychology at the University of Washington in Seattle.
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Silbo is a substitute for Spanish, with individual words recoded into whistles which have high and low frequency tones.
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A whistler, or silbador, puts a finger in his or her mouth to increase the whistle's pitch, while the other hand can be cupped to adjust the direction of the sound.
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There is much more ambiguity in the whistled signal than in the spoken signal, explains lead researcher Manuel Carreras, psychology professor at the University of La Laguna on the Canary Island of Tenerife.
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Because whistled, words, can be hard to distinguish, silbadores rely on repetition, as well as awareness of context, to make themselves understood.
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The silbadores of Gamera are traditionally shepherds and other isolated mountain folk, and their novel means of staying in touch allows them to communicate over distances of up to 10 kilometers.
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Carreras explains that silbadores are able to pass a surprising amount of information via their whistles.
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In daily life, they use whistles to communicate short commands, but any Spanish sentence could be whistled.
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Silbo has proved particularly useful when fires have occurred on the island and rapid communication across large areas has been vital.
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The study team used neuroimaging equipment to contrast the brain activity of silbadores while listening to whistled and spoken Spanish.
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Results showed the left temporal lobe of the brain, which is usually associated with spoken language, was engaged during the processing of Silbo.
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The researchers found that other key regions in the brain's frontal lobe also responded to the whistles, including those activated in response to sign language among deaf people.
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When the experiments were repeated with non-whistlers, however, activation was observed in all areas of the brain.
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Our results provide more evidence about the flexibility of human capacity for language in a variety of forms, Carina says.
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These data suggest that left hemisphere language regions are uniquely adapted for communicative purposes, independent of the modality of signal.
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The non-Silbo speakers were not recognizing Silbo as a language.
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They had nothing to grab onto, so multiple areas of their brains were activated.
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Carreras says the origins of Silbo Gomero remain obscure, but that indigenous canaries islanders, who were of North African origin, already had a whistled language when Spain conquered the volcanic islands in the 15th century.
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Whistled languages survive today in Papua New Guinea, Mexico, Vietnam, Guyana, China, Nepal, Senegal, and a few mountainous pockets in Southern Europe.
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There are thought to be as many as 70 whistled languages still in use, though only 12 have been described and studied scientifically.
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This form of communication is an adaptation found among cultures where people are often isolated from each other, according to Julian Meyer, a researcher at the Institute of Human Sciences in Lyon, France.
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They are mostly used in mountains or dense forests, he says.
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Whistled languages are quite clearly defined and represent an original adaptation of the spoken language for the needs of isolated human groups.
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But with modern communication technology now widely available, researchers say whistled languages like Silbo are threatened with extinction.
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With dwindling numbers of Gomorran silbadores still left in the language, Canary's authorities are taking steps to try to ensure its survival.
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Since 1999, Silbo Gomero has been taught in all of the island's elementary schools.
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In addition, locals are seeking assistance from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO.
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The local authorities are trying to get an award from the organization to declare Silbo Gomero as something that should be preserved for humanity, Carreras adds.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Este vídeo tiene 34 frases y 772 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:49. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 160 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 73 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
whistle sustantivo/ˈwɪs(ə)l/silbato, pito
researcher sustantivo/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/investigador, investigadora
associate sustantivo/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/asociado
activate verbo/ˈæktɪˌveɪt/activar
isolate verbo/ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/aislar
psychology sustantivo/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/psicología
adaptation sustantivo/ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/adaptación
adapt verbo/əˈdæpt/adaptar, ajustar
volcanic adjetivo/vɔlˈkænɪk/volcánico
tone sustantivo/ˈtəʊn/tono
finger sustantivo/ˈfɪŋɡɚ/dedo, alambres
pocket sustantivo/ˈpɑ.kɪt/bolsillo, bolsa
occur verbo/əˈkɜː/ocurrir
contrast sustantivo/kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/contraste
pitch sustantivo/pɪt͡ʃ/tiro

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

  • Los sonidos de “th”: northwest /nɔɹθˈwɛst/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/
  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, shepherd /ˈʃɛpəɹd/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como whistle, researcher, associate.

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

EstructuraEn el vídeo
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo haceis perfectly adapted · can be recognized · can be cupped
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahorahas developed · has proved · have been described
Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosadistances which is · whistles which have · brain, which is

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →