Shadowing Practice: Evaluation of Obesity Studies | Dr. Wendy Bennett - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Hello, my name is Wendy Bennett
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and I'm an associate professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the School of Public Health.
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Obesity is an enormous public health problem and it affects both children and adults.
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Many of our traditional interventions have focused on the individual's health behaviors like diet and physical activity.
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So the motivation of this project was to understand what are the methods
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that researchers are using in these natural experiment studies on obesity
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so that we can improve our understanding of the types of data sources we're using,
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the data linkages, and the different methods and analytic approaches being used.
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Of the 264 studies we identified,
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53 % of those were natural experiment studies and these again were studies where researchers did not have control over the intervention.
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Most of the studies that we found were conducted in children and in the school setting.
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All of the natural experiment studies used a population -based data source
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and most of them used national level data or state level data.
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Fewer studies had access to looking at community level data.
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Increasingly we find that studies that are assessing physical activity are using accelerometers
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or other types of wearable devices to assess how active people are.
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In the natural experiment studies,
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the most common analytic approach was a cross -sectional comparison where the researchers compared those
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that were exposed to the policy or program
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or built environment change versus those that were not exposed to that change or program or policy.
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So we found that natural experiment studies had overall a high -risk bias,
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and this was mostly due to high losses to follow -up in their studies, as well as high risks of confounding.
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For researchers, we identified several areas where we think that researchers can improve the types of data sources we're using,
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the way we're linking data, and increase the frequency of linking data sources together.
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Policymakers are going to want to use natural experiments
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and evaluations like them to understand whether their policies and programs are effective in reducing obesity as well as preventing obesity.
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Obesity research, this would be very helpful to understand quickly
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which are the studies that are high quality and which are the most effective strategies to reduce obesity and prevent obesity.
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All of this data that we're pulling together can be helpful in future studies
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when we're trying to understand what is most effective in our neighborhoods and communities to impact obesity.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Evaluation of Obesity Studies”. Las palabras que más se repiten: studies, obesity, experiment, natural, researchers. Este vídeo tiene 30 frases y 414 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:00. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 138 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 85 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
obesity sustantivo/ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/obesidad, sobrepeso
experiment sustantivo/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/experimento
researcher sustantivo/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/investigador, investigadora
helpful adjetivo/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/servicial, adyuvante
intervention sustantivo/ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/intervención
assess verbo/əˈsɛs/evaluar, estimar
expose verbo/ɪkˈspoʊz/exponer, develar
compare verbo/kəmˈpɛɚ/comparar, parangonar
associate sustantivo/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/asociado
increasingly adverbiocada vez más
frequency sustantivo/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/frecuencia
versus/ˈvɝsəs/contra, en vez de
fewer/ˈfjuː.ɚ/menos
enormous adjetivo/ɪˈnɔː.məs/enorme, ingente
motivation sustantivo/ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/motivación

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 6 contracciones y formas reducidas, como we're, I'm. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/, sectional /ˈsɛkʃənəl/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

  • /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como obesity, experiment, researcher.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →