Pratique du Shadowing: Evaluation of Obesity Studies | Dr. Wendy Bennett - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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30 phrases
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Hello, my name is Wendy Bennett
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and I'm an associate professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the School of Public Health.
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Obesity is an enormous public health problem and it affects both children and adults.
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Many of our traditional interventions have focused on the individual's health behaviors like diet and physical activity.
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So the motivation of this project was to understand what are the methods
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that researchers are using in these natural experiment studies on obesity
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so that we can improve our understanding of the types of data sources we're using,
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the data linkages, and the different methods and analytic approaches being used.
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Of the 264 studies we identified,
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53 % of those were natural experiment studies and these again were studies where researchers did not have control over the intervention.
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Most of the studies that we found were conducted in children and in the school setting.
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All of the natural experiment studies used a population -based data source
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and most of them used national level data or state level data.
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Fewer studies had access to looking at community level data.
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Increasingly we find that studies that are assessing physical activity are using accelerometers
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or other types of wearable devices to assess how active people are.
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In the natural experiment studies,
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the most common analytic approach was a cross -sectional comparison where the researchers compared those
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that were exposed to the policy or program
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or built environment change versus those that were not exposed to that change or program or policy.
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So we found that natural experiment studies had overall a high -risk bias,
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and this was mostly due to high losses to follow -up in their studies, as well as high risks of confounding.
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For researchers, we identified several areas where we think that researchers can improve the types of data sources we're using,
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the way we're linking data, and increase the frequency of linking data sources together.
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Policymakers are going to want to use natural experiments
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and evaluations like them to understand whether their policies and programs are effective in reducing obesity as well as preventing obesity.
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Obesity research, this would be very helpful to understand quickly
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which are the studies that are high quality and which are the most effective strategies to reduce obesity and prevent obesity.
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All of this data that we're pulling together can be helpful in future studies
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when we're trying to understand what is most effective in our neighborhoods and communities to impact obesity.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Evaluation of Obesity Studies ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : studies, obesity, experiment, natural, researchers. Cette vidéo contient 30 phrases et 414 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:00. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 138 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
obesity nom/ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/obésité
experiment nom/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/expérience
researcher nom/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/chercheur, chercheuse
helpful adjectif/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/utile, serviable
intervention nom/ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/intervention
assess verbe/əˈsɛs/estimer, évaluer
expose verbe/ɪkˈspoʊz/exposer, dénoncer
compare verbe/kəmˈpɛɚ/comparer
increasingly adverbede plus en plus
frequency nom/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/fréquence
versus/ˈvɝsəs/contre, face à
fewer/ˈfjuː.ɚ/moins (de)
enormous adjectif/ɪˈnɔː.məs/énorme
motivation nom/ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/motivation
evaluation nom/ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/évaluation

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 6 contractions et formes réduites, comme we're, I'm. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/, sectional /ˈsɛkʃənəl/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, linkage /ˈlɪŋkɪdʒ/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/, accelerometer /ækˌsɛl.əˈɹɑ.mə.tɚ/, wearable /wɛə̯ɹəbl̩/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme obesity, experiment, researcher.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →