Shadowing Practice: IELTS Cambridge 20 – Test 1: Listening Part 3 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Part 3.
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You will hear two sociology students called Tamara and Dev discussing their research for a presentation on loneliness.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
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Now listen carefully, and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Shall we go through the notes we've made from our research into loneliness now, Dev?
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Okay, Samara.
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It's been a real eye -opener.
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I had no idea that loneliness has been increasing steadily for the last twenty years.
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I know.
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And it's the same all over the world.
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The downside of a modern lifestyle, I guess.
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Did you come to any conclusions about what the reasons for the increase are?
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Well, I'd assumed it was mainly an issue for the elderly.
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But in fact it's something which affects young people just as much.
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Hmm, so nothing really to do with longer life spans.
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Erm, what about social media?
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In my case, far from making me feel isolated, it actually does the opposite.
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'It definitely does more good than harm.' I'd say loneliness has a lot to do with the way cities are designed,
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People living in high -rise flats with not much opportunity to speak to their neighbours.
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I think you're right.
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Another possible reason is that people are having fewer children and don't live in large extended family groups.
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But in this country anyway, that all changed decades ago.
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And yet loneliness is a more recent problem.
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I suppose so.
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A more plausible explanation is that people are having to move around for work
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and often end up living miles away from their family and friends.
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That's true.
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Looking at the studies on health risks and loneliness, There are claims that loneliness has as much impact as smoking 15 cigarettes a day.
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Or similar to the risks caused by obesity.
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But I'm not sure there's enough evidence for some of these claims.
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Well, what about that one in Finland, which showed that loneliness increased the risk of cancer by about 10 %?
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And those findings have been supported by other studies too.
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You're right about that, Juan.
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I was actually thinking of the studies on dementia.
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Some found no association between loneliness and dementia, and others found the opposite.
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Not exactly reliable then.
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There's been a lot of research on cardiovascular disease.
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And whether loneliness contributes to that?
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Yes, I read that it was hard to reach a judgement, as the definition of loneliness varied quite a lot.
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and the responses from participants were too subjective.
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But there's no doubt that loneliness contributes to a weakened immune system.
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Unquestionably.
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The data on that is sound.
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What did you think about the evolutionary theory of loneliness?
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Well, I thought the idea that loneliness evolved because it motivated people to be with other people quite convincing.
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Survival often depended on group cooperation.
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But I don't think there's enough evidence to claim
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that there must be a group of neurons in our brains
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which influence social behaviour by making us feel bad when we're alone.
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There are a few studies which support the theory, but not conclusively enough.
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More evidence is needed.
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And anyway, this theory is not really useful when it comes to solving the problem of loneliness today.
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Trey.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, You have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Should we look at the relationship between loneliness and mental health now?
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Okay.
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So, loneliness and depression are clearly related and that's been recognised by various governments around the world.
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But unlike depression, loneliness has no recognised clinical form.
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There's no available diagnosis or effective treatments and that's not likely to change.
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I don't think so either.
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I was thinking we should start our presentation with an example from our own experience.
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I'd like to talk about how lonely I was when I started university, being away from home for the first time and all that.
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Good idea.
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Everyone will be able to relate to that.
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Although a lot of students were probably too embarrassed to admit to it.
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Yeah.
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We could discuss ways of dealing with loneliness as well, like just talking to strangers.
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Loads of studies have shown that interactions with shop assistants and bar staff make people feel more optimistic and relaxed.
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I don't know about that, but it must make people feel more connected with their community.
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True.
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Although you need to be a certain kind of person to be able to just strike up a conversation.
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Good point.
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We should say something about solitude and how being alone and being lonely aren't the same thing.
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It's strange the way some people can't stand being by themselves while others love it.
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Yeah, the research shows a certain amount of solitude is beneficial for wellbeing, which I appreciate.
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But being alone isn't something I actually like.
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I'd never choose to go on holiday alone, for example.
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Me neither.
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Well, let's not...
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That is the end of part three.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 3.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “IELTS Cambridge 20 – Test 1: Listening Part 3”. Las palabras que más se repiten: loneliness, studies, questions, alone, theory. Este vídeo tiene 82 frases y 836 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 7:28. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 112 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| loneliness sustantivo | /ˈloʊnlinəs/ | soledad |
| solitude sustantivo | /ˈsɑlɪˌtud/ | soledad, solitud |
| dementia sustantivo | /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ | demencia |
| conclusively adverbio | conclusivamente | |
| neuron sustantivo | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | neurona |
| unquestionably adverbio | /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bli/ | indudablemente |
| weaken verbo | /ˈwikən/ | debilitar, languir |
| downside sustantivo | /ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd/ | inconveniente |
| motivate verbo | /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ | motivar |
| isolate verbo | /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/ | aislar |
| plausible adjetivo | /ˈplɑ.zɪ.bəl/ | probable, plausible |
| cardiovascular adjetivo | /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/ | cardiovascular |
| neighbour sustantivo | /ˈneɪbɚ/ | vecino, vecina |
| sociology sustantivo | /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/ | sociología |
| participant sustantivo | /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ | participante, partícipe |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, ir a parar |
| go through verbo | atravesar |
| strike up verbo | entablar, crear |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- What did you think about the evolutionary theory of loneliness?
- Should we look at the relationship between loneliness and mental health now?
- I don't think so either.
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | we've made · It's been · have been supported |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | are designed · have been supported · is needed |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 16 contracciones y formas reducidas, como don't, I'd, you're. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: unquestionably /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bli/, cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: steadily /ˈstɛdɪli/, span /spæn/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/, cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, subjective /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/, evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, subjective /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como loneliness, solitude, dementia.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.