Pratique du Shadowing: IELTS Cambridge 20 – Test 1: Listening Part 3 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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82 phrases
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Part 3.
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You will hear two sociology students called Tamara and Dev discussing their research for a presentation on loneliness.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
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Now listen carefully, and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Shall we go through the notes we've made from our research into loneliness now, Dev?
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Okay, Samara.
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It's been a real eye -opener.
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I had no idea that loneliness has been increasing steadily for the last twenty years.
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I know.
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And it's the same all over the world.
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The downside of a modern lifestyle, I guess.
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Did you come to any conclusions about what the reasons for the increase are?
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Well, I'd assumed it was mainly an issue for the elderly.
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But in fact it's something which affects young people just as much.
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Hmm, so nothing really to do with longer life spans.
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Erm, what about social media?
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In my case, far from making me feel isolated, it actually does the opposite.
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'It definitely does more good than harm.' I'd say loneliness has a lot to do with the way cities are designed,
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People living in high -rise flats with not much opportunity to speak to their neighbours.
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I think you're right.
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Another possible reason is that people are having fewer children and don't live in large extended family groups.
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But in this country anyway, that all changed decades ago.
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And yet loneliness is a more recent problem.
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I suppose so.
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A more plausible explanation is that people are having to move around for work
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and often end up living miles away from their family and friends.
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That's true.
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Looking at the studies on health risks and loneliness, There are claims that loneliness has as much impact as smoking 15 cigarettes a day.
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Or similar to the risks caused by obesity.
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But I'm not sure there's enough evidence for some of these claims.
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Well, what about that one in Finland, which showed that loneliness increased the risk of cancer by about 10 %?
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And those findings have been supported by other studies too.
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You're right about that, Juan.
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I was actually thinking of the studies on dementia.
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Some found no association between loneliness and dementia, and others found the opposite.
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Not exactly reliable then.
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There's been a lot of research on cardiovascular disease.
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And whether loneliness contributes to that?
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Yes, I read that it was hard to reach a judgement, as the definition of loneliness varied quite a lot.
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and the responses from participants were too subjective.
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But there's no doubt that loneliness contributes to a weakened immune system.
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Unquestionably.
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The data on that is sound.
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What did you think about the evolutionary theory of loneliness?
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Well, I thought the idea that loneliness evolved because it motivated people to be with other people quite convincing.
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Survival often depended on group cooperation.
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But I don't think there's enough evidence to claim
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that there must be a group of neurons in our brains
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which influence social behaviour by making us feel bad when we're alone.
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There are a few studies which support the theory, but not conclusively enough.
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More evidence is needed.
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And anyway, this theory is not really useful when it comes to solving the problem of loneliness today.
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Trey.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, You have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Should we look at the relationship between loneliness and mental health now?
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Okay.
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So, loneliness and depression are clearly related and that's been recognised by various governments around the world.
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But unlike depression, loneliness has no recognised clinical form.
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There's no available diagnosis or effective treatments and that's not likely to change.
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I don't think so either.
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I was thinking we should start our presentation with an example from our own experience.
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I'd like to talk about how lonely I was when I started university, being away from home for the first time and all that.
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Good idea.
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Everyone will be able to relate to that.
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Although a lot of students were probably too embarrassed to admit to it.
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Yeah.
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We could discuss ways of dealing with loneliness as well, like just talking to strangers.
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Loads of studies have shown that interactions with shop assistants and bar staff make people feel more optimistic and relaxed.
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I don't know about that, but it must make people feel more connected with their community.
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True.
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Although you need to be a certain kind of person to be able to just strike up a conversation.
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Good point.
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We should say something about solitude and how being alone and being lonely aren't the same thing.
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It's strange the way some people can't stand being by themselves while others love it.
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Yeah, the research shows a certain amount of solitude is beneficial for wellbeing, which I appreciate.
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But being alone isn't something I actually like.
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I'd never choose to go on holiday alone, for example.
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Me neither.
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Well, let's not...
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That is the end of part three.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 3.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « IELTS Cambridge 20 – Test 1: Listening Part 3 ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : loneliness, studies, questions, alone, theory. Cette vidéo contient 82 phrases et 836 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 7:28. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 112 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| loneliness nom | /ˈloʊnlinəs/ | solitude |
| solitude nom | /ˈsɑlɪˌtud/ | solitude |
| dementia nom | /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ | démence |
| neuron nom | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | neurone, cellule nerveuse |
| unquestionably adverbe | /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bli/ | indubitablement, sans l'ombre d'un doute |
| weaken verbe | /ˈwikən/ | affaiblir |
| motivate verbe | /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ | motiver |
| isolate verbe | /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/ | isoler, esseuler |
| plausible adjectif | /ˈplɑ.zɪ.bəl/ | plausible |
| cardiovascular adjectif | /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/ | cardiovasculaire |
| neighbour nom | /ˈneɪbɚ/ | voisin, voisine |
| sociology nom | /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/ | sociologie |
| participant nom | /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ | participant, participante |
| subjective adjectif | /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/ | subjectif |
| evolve verbe | /ɪˈvɑlv/ | élaborer |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir |
| go through verbe | traverser |
| strike up verbe | entamer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- What did you think about the evolutionary theory of loneliness?
- Should we look at the relationship between loneliness and mental health now?
- I don't think so either.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | we've made · It's been · have been supported |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | are designed · have been supported · is needed |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 16 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, I'd, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: unquestionably /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bli/, cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: unquestionably /ʌnˈkwɛs.t͡ʃən.ə.bli/, sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, subjective /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: neuron /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/, cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, embarrassed /ɪmˈbæɹ.əst/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme loneliness, solitude, dementia.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.