Shadowing Practice: Splenectomy: step-by-step - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Hello and welcome to the GYO surgery series.

This will be the first of several different explanations of individual surgeries that we perform in Gynonk,

including some photos that I'll have referenced, as well as some handmade drawings.

the first surgery that we'll be going over is the splenectomy

and I only own the drawings other pictures will be referenced on individual slides

and at the end this is for educational purposes only this is not intended to be medical advice

so reference this lovely picture on the right the removal of

the spleen is occasionally required to achieve optimal surgical cytoreduction in ovarian cancer

and so knowing the relevant anatomy is important and

so we'll go over the ligaments attaching to the spleen as well as the blood supply to the spleen

so there are approximately five ligaments the splenophrenic ligament the splenorenal the pancreaticosplenic,

the splenocolic, and the gastrosplenic ligaments.

They are labeled here, 1 through 4.

We have 1, 2, 3, 4, splenofrenic, which you can't see,

but the diaphragm would be up here, the splenorenal, the pancreaticosplenic, the splenocolic, and then over here we have the gastrosplenic.

Each of these ligaments are transected during a splenectomy.

And then as far as our blood supply goes, it's a little bit easier.

You just have the splenic artery and the splenic vein.

As you can see here, these come off the celiac trunk.

The artery comes off the celiac trunk, and the celiac trunk, as you may remember, is the splenic artery, the left gastric,

and the common hepatic, and then the splenic vein coming back into the portal vein.

the basic steps of a splenectomy are entering the lesser sac mobilizing the spleen

and then ligating the vessels

which sounds very easy however in practice is definitely scary for gynonks there is an anterior

or posterior approach

and the choice depends on the distribution of disease whatever approach would be easier based on disease

and i will be going over the anterior your approach in this short lecture.

So first entering the lesser sac of the omentum, you want to identify the gastrocolic ligament.

This lies between the stomach's greater curvature and the transverse colon.

The anterior leaf of the omentum attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach via the gastrocolic ligament, and the posterior leaf attaches to the margin of the transverse colon.

And the lesser sac is kind of between these two leaves.

So identifying the ligament and then transecting this in order to open the lesser sac.

The dissection, then this is another depiction of opening the lesser sac, but the omentum is no longer there.

And as you can see here, this is the gastrocolic ligament here.

The dissection continues along the transverse colon with mobilization of the

entire splenic flexure of the colon to eventually reach the splenocolic ligament,

highlighted here, and then you're also dissecting upward to the greater curvature of the stomach towards the gastrosplenic ligament.

That's here.

once mobilized you can grasp the spleen

and elevate it medially this will expose the splenophrenic ligament here

and you can continue to dissect the spleen from the gastrosplenic ligament as well as the splenocolic ligament

so you can see the gastrosplenic ligament in this picture as well as the splenocolic ligament here you'll continue dissecting

that and then also the splenofrenic ligament, with this being the diaphragm.

The gastrosplenic ligament is the most vascular and contains those short gastric arteries, so we are very careful in ligating and dividing these.

And then finally, the spleen is elevated to the incision.

You do some blunt dissection in order to identify the splenic artery and the splenic vein.

Each one of these vessels are individually ligated and the artery is ligated first in order to prevent engorgement of the spleen.

You can use, as depicted here, a right angle placed underneath the artery or individual

vein artery or vascular pedicle

and you can use a 2 -0 silk you will then place a second 2 -0 silk

and then on the proximal end you can either tie

or clip this end and then divide the artery vein

or other vascular pedicle and then

if you're done with the artery you do the vein and that is the end of the splinectomy.

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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Splenectomy: step-by-step”. Las palabras que más se repiten: ligament, artery, spleen, splenic, vein. Este vídeo tiene 54 frases y 709 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:25. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 131 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. Solo el 72 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

Palabra	Pronunciación	Significado
artery sustantivo	/ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/	arteria
vein sustantivo	/veɪn/	vena
lesser adjetivo	/ˈlɛsɚ/	menor
colon sustantivo	/ˈkoʊ.lən/	dos puntos
leaf sustantivo	/lif/	hoja, foja (desus.)
trunk sustantivo	/tɹʌŋk/	tronco, cepa
attach verbo	/əˈtæt͡ʃ/	adjuntar, atachar
anterior adjetivo	/ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/	anterior
vascular adjetivo	/ˈvæskjələ/	vascular
stomach sustantivo	/ˈstʌmək/	estómago
vessel sustantivo	/ˈvɛsəl/	embarcación, barco
divide verbo	/dɪˈvaɪd/	desunir, dividir
silk sustantivo	/sɪlk/	seda
explanation sustantivo	/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/	explicación
label sustantivo	/ˈleɪ.bəl/	etiqueta, rótulo

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

Palabra	Significado
go over verbo	sentar, pasar

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 7 contracciones y formas reducidas, como we'll, you're, can't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/, dissection /dɪˈsɛkʃən/, depiction /dɪˈpɪkʃən/, flexure /ˈflɛkʃə(ɹ)/
Palabras largas — cuida el acento: anterior /ænˈtɪɹ.i.ɚ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/, anatomy /əˈnætəmi/, individually /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əli/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: stomach /ˈstʌmək/, scary /ˈskɛə.ɹi/, slide /ˈslaɪ̯d/, spleen /spliːn/, splenic /ˈsplinɪk/
/v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: vein /veɪn/, vascular /ˈvæskjələ/, vessel /ˈvɛsəl/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, removal /ɹɪˈmuː.vəl/
/z/ — sonora, no /s/: expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/, mobilize /ˈməʊbɪlʌɪz/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como artery, vein, lesser.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →

Shadowing Practice: Splenectomy: step-by-step - Learn English Speaking with Video

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