Shadowing Practice: What if quantum physics could eradicate illness? | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think - Learn English Speaking with Video
Elige un modo de práctica
Cada modo abre una sala de práctica a pantalla completa.
32 oraciones
Si las oraciones son demasiado cortas o largas, haz clic en Editar para ajustarlas.
1
Quantum biology is looking for and studying quantum phenomena, quantum effects inside living cells.
2
On the one hand, physicists don't like applying their laws of physics and quantum mechanics inside living systems because biology is hard,
3
it's complicated, it's messy.
4
It's hard enough trying to find quantum effects in a sterile physics lab.
5
How does that sort of quantum behaviour survive inside the noisy, messy, complex environment of a living system?
6
So physicists think, no, that's too complicated for us.
7
Biologists don't want to think about quantum mechanics because by and large they don't understand the mathematics of quantum mechanics.
8
And to be fair, molecular biology and genetics have progressed very well, thank you very much, without any help from quantum mechanics.
9
In the middle, between the physicists and the biologists, are the chemists who say, well, of course, once you get down to the level of molecules, you're going to hit the quantum realm at some point.
10
So you shouldn't be surprised that there must be some quantum effects.
11
Don't go inventing new fields of science just to make it sound sexy somehow.
12
There may be quantum effects going on, but that doesn't play a functional role.
13
You don't need that to explain how an enzyme catalyzes a particular chemical reaction
14
or how bacteria photosynthesizes light and turns it into chemical energy.
15
That's all biochemistry and it's all understood.
16
My counter argument to that is that it may well be that there are quantum effects.
17
For example, quantum tunneling when a particle can jump from A to B in a way that's forbidden in our everyday world, but which is very familiar to us in physics and chemistry,
18
that may well play a very fundamental role in certain biochemical processes.
19
For example, whether mutations can take place in DNA because a single proton,
20
a hydrogen atom, has jumped from one strand of DNA to the other in a way
21
that it wouldn't do if we didn't use the rules of quantum mechanics.
22
Now this could happen if it's given enough energy by say the surrounding water molecules
23
that can nudge it over but it can also quantum tunnel across
24
which means it can jump even though it doesn't have enough
25
energy to get over the energy barrier they can quantum tunnel
26
through the hill like a phantom walking through a brick wall
27
now mutations are necessary for life otherwise there will be no change given the current progress we're making in genetics,
28
gene editing, in being able to manipulate the building blocks of life down at the molecular scale.
29
If quantum tunneling plays an important part,
30
might it be possible to inhibit certain mutations by inhibiting the ability of particles to quantum tunnel?
31
That would suggest that quantum mechanics plays a role in the entire evolution of life on this planet.
32
And that might have huge implications for our health.
Descargar app
Todo lo que necesitas para hablar con fluidez
Pronunciación con IAEvalúa cada oración
Práctica de IPADomina cada sonido
VocabularioConstruye tu banco de palabras
Juego de vocabularioAprende mientras juegas
Mismo canal
C11
Supernatural thinking: Your brain’s anti-anxiety mode | Clay Routledge
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Kids don’t always make you happier. Here’s why people have them anyway. | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Would a society based on genetics be… good? | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
Is success genetic? | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
Mindfulness isn’t the only powerful mental state | Clay Routledge
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C118
Why successful people set habits, not just goals | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Why I’m against empathy | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why schools of the future will be designed with geneticists | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
Evolution explains kindness—even when it kills us | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C1The famous tree-falling thought experiment has a new answer | Lisa Feldman Barrett
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
The lost art of accomplishment without burnout | Cal Newport for Big Think +
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full Interview
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Your genes affect your education. Here’s why that’s controversial. | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why humans believe “everything happens for a reason” | Clay Routledge
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
What happens to your brain when you’re dreaming
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C183
What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Hit peak performance with the power of habit | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
Why softness beats stress | Giulia Enders
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Recomendar Video
C19
57 oraciones
Einstein’s beef with quantum physics, explained | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
746 oraciones
Blindboy discovers the link between gut health and mental health
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B231
13 oraciones
Your Skeleton Is Electric
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C18
156 oraciones
How Quantum Batteries Break Every Rule of Charging
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
131 oraciones
The medicine myth | Denis Noble, Nessa Carey, Guy Brown
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
162 oraciones
Crypto Agility Explained: Protect Data from Quantum Computing Threats
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C185 oraciones
We Can Now Simulate a Human Brain, Scientists Show
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
39 oraciones
Why Walls STOP Light Waves But Not Radio Waves?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
49 oraciones
Does God exist? Science does not have an answer.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
72 oraciones
What Is Life? Is Death Real?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
204 oraciones
The Insane Biology of: The Octopus
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 32 frases y 481 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:00. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 160 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 75 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| quantum sustantivo | /ˈkwɑntəm/ | cantidad, quantum |
| mechanic sustantivo | /mɪˈkænɪk/ | mecánico, mecánica |
| tunnel sustantivo | /ˈtʌn(ə)l/ | túnel |
| physics sustantivo | /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ | física |
| biology sustantivo | /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | biología |
| mutation sustantivo | /mjuˈteɪʃən/ | mutación |
| complicated adjetivo | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | complicado |
| molecular adjetivo | /məˈlɛk.jə.ləɹ/ | molecular |
| particle sustantivo | /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/ | partícula |
| messy adjetivo | /ˈmɛsi/ | desordenado, desprolijo |
| genetics sustantivo | /dʒəˈnɛt.ɪks/ | genética |
| molecule sustantivo | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | molécula |
| everyday adjetivo | /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/ | de diario, cuotidiano |
| sexy adjetivo | /ˈsɛksi/ | sexy |
| evolution sustantivo | /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ | evolución |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| get over verbo | superar, sobreponerse a |
| walk through verbo | explicar paso a paso, enseñar |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 12 contracciones y formas reducidas, como don't, doesn't, didn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: mutation /mjuˈteɪʃən/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, molecular /məˈlɛk.jə.ləɹ/, evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como quantum, mechanic, tunnel.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.