Lección 3 · Etapa 1: Lo básico
“Have got”
PrincipianteForma y uso
have/has got + sustantivo — tener o poseer algo
1.Have y have got significan lo mismo
Para hablar de posesiones, familia, rasgos físicos, enfermedades o citas, puedes usar have o have got: el significado es el mismo. Have got es común en el inglés británico hablado; los estadounidenses usan más have.
We've got a new car. = We have a new car.
Tenemos un auto nuevo. (las dos frases significan lo mismo)
Minh has got two sisters.
Minh tiene dos hermanas.
She's got long curly hair.
Ella tiene el pelo largo y rizado.
I've got a sore throat.
Me duele la garganta.
I have a dentist appointment at four.
Tengo cita con el dentista a las cuatro.
2.Formas
| have got | have | |
|---|---|---|
| Afirmativa | I/you/we/they've got · he/she/it's got | I/you/we/they have · he/she/it has |
| Negativa | haven't got · hasn't got | don't have · doesn't have |
| Pregunta | Have you got…? · Has she got…? | Do you have…? · Does she have…? |
| Respuesta corta | Yes, I have. / No, she hasn't. | Yes, I do. / No, she doesn't. |
's puede ser is o has: He's got a cold = He has got a cold; He's cold = He is cold. Si después viene “got”, es has.
No mezcles las dos estructuras: nada de “Do you have got…?” ni “I don't have got…”.
3.Pasado: had
En pasado se usa had (normalmente sin got). Las preguntas y las negativas usan did / didn't have.
I had a bike when I was a kid.
Tenía una bici cuando era niño.
We didn't have much money back then.
En esa época no teníamos mucho dinero.
Did you have a good weekend?
¿Pasaste un buen fin de semana?
4.Have para acciones (no have got)
Have también se usa para cosas que haces o vives. Con este significado no puedes usar have got, pero sí puedes usar la forma continua, y las preguntas y negativas llevan do/does/did.
- comer y beber: have breakfast / lunch / dinner / a coffee / a snack
- descanso y rutina: have a shower / a bath / a rest / a break / a nap
- experiencias: have a good time / fun / a party / a problem / an accident / a dream
- otras actividades: have a look / a chat / a meeting / a lesson
We usually have dinner at seven.
Normalmente cenamos a las siete.
Can I call you back? I'm having lunch.
¿Te llamo luego? Estoy almorzando.
I don't usually have breakfast.
Normalmente no desayuno.
Did you have fun at the party?
¿Te divertiste en la fiesta?
5.Errores comunes
I'm having a car.I have a car. / I've got a car.
La posesión no va en forma continua.
She have got a dog.She has got a dog.
he/she/it → has.
Do you have got a pen?Have you got a pen? / Do you have a pen?
No mezcles do con have got.
I've got breakfast at 7.I have breakfast at 7.
Have para acciones nunca lleva got.
I had got a bike when I was young.I had a bike when I was young.
La posesión en pasado usa had.
Ejemplos
- My sister has got a beautiful singing voice.
- Have you got a pen I can borrow?
- We haven't got any milk. Can you buy some?
- Has he got a girlfriend?
