Pratique du Shadowing: A Journey Through Your Nervous System - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Choisissez un mode d'entraînement
Chaque mode ouvre une salle d'entraînement en plein écran.
146 phrases
Si les phrases sont trop courtes ou trop longues, cliquez sur Edit pour les ajuster.
1
Your nerves are literally everywhere around here.
2
We'll start from the most important ones,
3
which are going through your spine and your brain.
4
This thick cluster of nerves is called the central nervous system, or CNS.
5
It's responsible for everything you do,
6
from breathing to tapping your finger on the side of your smartphone while waiting until I get to the topic already.
7
When a signal gets to the CNS in the brain from any part of the body,
8
it sends back a command to react according to the situation.
9
Pinch yourself now.
10
Yeah, please do it.
11
Ow!
12
The place you've just pinched has a lot of neurons,
13
just like anywhere else.
14
When you pressed the skin,
15
they flared up and sent the information about pain to the brain,
16
which reacted by sending back a message that it hurt.
17
It all happened in less than a millisecond,
18
but the signal traveled several feet there and back.
19
Let's go to the spinal cord now and carry out a little experiment.
20
On the count of one,
21
I'll sever the connections between the neurons here and you'll see what happens.
22
Ready?
23
One.
24
See?
25
You've just become limp from your waist down and can't feel anything in your legs.
26
It's because your CNS can't figure out where they are.
27
Okay, restoring the connections now, don't worry!
28
This is why both your brain and spinal cord are naturally protected by bones,
29
the skull and the vertebrae.
30
Inside the spinal column, there's also cerebrospinal fluid,
31
a liquid substance that protects the nerves,
32
helps better conduct signals, and gets rid of weights.
33
Ok, now let's take a closer look at all the rest of the nerves,
34
starting with the ones at the tips of your fingers.
35
Something that's not the CNS is called peripheral nervous system, or PNS.
36
Will you kindly wave your hand now?
37
Thanks!
38
You've been able to do that because your brain consciously sent several million signals to the peripheral nerves in your shoulder,
39
forearm, wrist, and hand.
40
Together, they made a common effort to lift your arm,
41
fix it in a certain position,
42
and wave the hand from side to side.
43
And responsible for this effort is your voluntary or somatic nervous system.
44
Your eyebrows going up at this fact are also controlled by the same nerves.
45
Did you count how many breaths you took while listening to my ramblings?
46
a beat your heart had made.
47
You shouldn't have.
48
These things are regulated by your vegetative or involuntary nervous system.
49
Your CNS sends signals to the periphery and tells your heart to beat,
50
your respiratory system to let the air in and out,
51
and even your bowels to digest the food you eat.
52
Now, blow all the air out of your lungs and hold your breath for as long as you can.
53
Okay, this will take some time,
54
so fast-forward to the point where you start wanting to breathe in.
55
Letting the air out and holding your breath are your conscious actions,
56
so it's you who tells your brain to send signals to the breathing organs.
57
But when you start lacking oxygen,
58
it's already your brain that tells you to stop fooling around.
59
Oh, I see you're becoming blue in the face.
60
Please inhale already.
61
And now I'll do something you'll have to forgive me for.
62
Ow!
63
Sorry, you dropped the phone because I sent a little shock through it.
64
The point is, you subconsciously let your phone go as soon as you felt the pain.
65
When I asked you to pinch yourself,
66
you activated your voluntary nervous system,
67
so you expected the pain and could continue pinching if you wanted to.
68
This shock came unexpectedly, though,
69
so your involuntary nervous system jolted in and made you move away from the threat ASAP.
70
That said, your self-preservation instinct is something that's regulated by your nerves as well.
71
Your body will try to save itself from harm even without your consent.
72
Hey, what's that itch?
73
You need to scratch it now.
74
Thanks.
75
Itching appears when there's something on or under your skin that doesn't belong there,
76
like an insect or a bite it left.
77
Nerves at the site flare up like beacons,
78
and your brain sends signals to that spot.
79
But when you scratch the itch,
80
you feel two opposite things at once.
81
Consciously, you experience relief because it's not itching anymore.
82
On the subconscious level, though,
83
your brain perceives scratching as pain and shifts your attention from the itch to the scratch instead.
84
Basically, by scratching, you trick your brain into believing there are more important things to do than paying attention to the itch.
85
Hey, is it me or is it a bit too hot here?
86
Yeah, I see droplets of sweat on your forehead.
87
When the outside temperature rises,
88
your CNN reacts to the change.
89
Billions of signals flash through your entire body.
90
Sweat glands receive them in the blink of an eye and start working furiously.
91
Sweat appears on your skin, cooling it down.
92
I recommend going to the AC and turning it higher a bit, thank you.
93
Hey, I said a bit,
94
not all the way up.
95
Ah, great, now you're shivering.
96
Your brain is confused but is still working fast,
97
reacting to the change of circumstances.
98
Once again, it sends billions of signals to all the neurons in your muscles,
99
telling them to start contracting as quickly as they can.
100
By doing so, they create friction, and friction generates heat.
101
Your heart starts beating faster too,
102
by the way, pumping blood to your limbs to keep them from freezing.
103
All this also makes you think sliding that counter up a notch is a good idea.
104
On the topic of thinking,
105
neurons are responsible for that too.
106
For example, this is your first time watching this video video.
107
You can't possibly know what I'm going to do or say next.
108
Maybe I'll do a barrel roll.
109
Or just end the whole video abruptly.
110
Your brain is only now creating the neural connections necessary for you to remember what's coming up next.
111
This is why you're still bearing with me.
112
You want to know.
113
But as soon as you've watched it until the end,
114
the interest is gone, no matter how fascinating I am.
115
Your CNS has created enough connections between the neurons,
116
and if you start over,
117
they will tell you what to expect.
118
Still, the pathways are very basic.
119
A simple example.
120
What did I say exactly 3 minutes and 5 seconds into the video?
121
You can't remember, because your neural connections aren't strong enough yet to give such details.
122
But the more times you watch,
123
the stronger and more numerous they become,
124
and after a number of attempts,
125
you'll be able to repeat the whole text word for word.
126
The same happens when you learn some new skill, like roller skating.
127
At first, you can't move even a single foot.
128
Your brain encounters an unusual task and is all ablaze with signals it's sending every which way.
129
You fall, but then you stand up and try once more.
130
This time, several million neurons are already connected,
131
and your CNS doesn't waste time creating new links.
132
You fall again, and again, and again.
133
But every time you rise and repeat,
134
your brain gets more and more adapted,
135
until finally, on your 5th,
136
10th, or 50th attempt, you skate forward.
137
The brain captures the moment you stop falling and creates strong neural connections to prevent you from repeating your previous mistakes.
138
And soon enough, with more practice and links in your CNS,
139
you'll be skating like a pro,
140
wondering how you could be so clumsy before.
141
Yet, the best thing about these connections is that they never completely go away.
142
Even if you learned skating as a kid and then didn't put on the skates for 10 years,
143
it'll take you just a couple of minutes to recall how it's done.
144
So hey, if you're afraid to take that dusty guitar hanging on the wall for years, don't be.
145
Go strum the strings, it'll all come back to you in a jiffy.
146
Maybe not the calluses.
Télécharger l'application
Tout pour parler couramment
Prononciation IAChaque phrase notée
Phonétique (IPA)Maîtrisez chaque son
VocabulaireEnrichissez votre lexique
Jeu de vocabulaireApprenez en jouant
Même chaîne
B21
What Is The Rain Shadow Effect? Here's A Simple Explanation!
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Solar Storm Could Black Out Half of America - This Map Shows Where
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
A Journey Inside Your Body
TeensDaily Conversation
B18
10 Habits That Can Improve Your Routine
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B12
13 Tips on How to Survive Wild Animal Attacks
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B2Astronomers Just Found Earth's Secret Second Moon
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B110
Unusual Foods You'd Have for Breakfast Around the World
Travel EnglishTeensDaily Conversation
B23
What Would Happen If Earth Started to Spin Backwards
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B29
I Lived Like Elon Musk for a Week But One Day Was Enough
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
Fossils of a Giant Superpredator Found in Antarctica
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Why They Say Airplanes Are Safer Than Cars
Travel EnglishDaily Conversation
B2What If Megalodon Met the Biggest Snake Ever
High School StudentsUniversity Students
B1A 4-Minute 3-Day Routine to Refresh Your Schedule
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
FOR YOU
Vidéo recommandée
B1202
35 phrases
SE-Ed: Why Do We Get Goosebumps?
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B213
17 phrases
A Psychologist's Secret About Your Brain (You'll Wish You Knew Sooner)
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
146 phrases
The Most Complex Language in the World
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B11
104 phrases
Nervous System Reset | 10 minute yoga practice
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
177 phrases
Why Do You Have Pain Here When You Run
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B211
58 phrases
The different levels of how Claude thinks
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
471 phrases
Essentials: How Smells Influence Our Hormones, Health & Behavior | Dr. Noam Sobel
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B238
16 phrases
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
214 phrases
The Nervous System Explained Simply | Brain, Neurons & Signals
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B25
91 phrases
6 Telltale Signs You're Feeling Numb
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
177 phrases
Allah Hid This Miracle in your Breath! - This Will Boost Your Iman!
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B29
32 phrases
How Is Your Phone Changing You?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « A Journey Through Your Nervous System ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : brain, signal, Cns, nerves, connections. Cette vidéo contient 146 phrases et 1356 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 8:11. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 166 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 81 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| nerve nom | /nɝv/ | nerf |
| itch nom | /ɪt͡ʃ/ | démangeaison, prurit |
| neuron nom | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | neurone, cellule nerveuse |
| skate nom | /skeɪt/ | patin |
| scratch verbe | /skɹæt͡ʃ/ | gratter |
| pinch verbe | /pɪnt͡ʃ/ | pincer |
| react verbe | /ɹiːˈækt/ | réagir |
| neural adjectif | /ˈnʊɹəl/ | neural |
| spinal adjectif | /spaɪ.nəl/ | spinal |
| sweat verbe | /swɛt/ | transpirer, suer |
| involuntary adjectif | /ɪnˈvɑ.lənˌtɛɹ.i/ | involontaire |
| consciously adverbe | consciemment | |
| flare nom | /flɛɚ̯/ | fusée lumineuse |
| peripheral adjectif | /pəˈɹɪf(ə)ɹ(ə)l/ | périphérique |
| friction nom | /ˈfɹɪkʃən/ | frottement, friction |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| carry out verbe | /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ | sortir, transporter dehors |
| come up verbe | se montrer, sortir du bois | |
| figure out verbe | cerner | |
| go away verbe | partir, s'en aller | |
| go through verbe | traverser | |
| stand up verbe | se lever, se mettre debout | |
| start over verbe | recommencer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- Will you kindly wave your hand now?
- Consciously, you experience relief because it's not itching anymore.
- Hey, is it me or is it a bit too hot here?
- Ah, great, now you're shivering.
- Maybe I'll do a barrel roll.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is called · are naturally protected · are also controlled |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | you've just pinched · You've just become · You've been |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 31 contractions et formes réduites, comme can't, you'll, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən/, shiver /ˈʃɪvɚ/, subconscious /sʌbˈkɑn.ʃəs/, preservation /ˌpɹɛz.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: involuntary /ɪnˈvɑ.lənˌtɛɹ.i/, peripheral /pəˈɹɪf(ə)ɹ(ə)l/, voluntary /ˈvɑ.lənˌt(ɛ)ɹi/, furiously /ˈfjʊə̯ɹi.ə̯sli/, millisecond /ˈmɪlɪˌsɛkənd/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: inhale /ɪnˈheɪl/, forehead /ˈfɔɹ.hɛd/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: itch /ɪt͡ʃ/, scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/, pinch /pɪnt͡ʃ/, vegetative /ˈvɛd͡ʒəteɪtɪv/, digest /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: neuron /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/, scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/, react /ɹiːˈækt/, neural /ˈnʊɹəl/, involuntary /ɪnˈvɑ.lənˌtɛɹ.i/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme nerve, itch, neuron.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.