Pratique du Shadowing: How to Explain Anything To Anyone (Even If It's Complex!) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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202 phrases
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I'm going to show you how to explain anything to anyone no matter how complex the topic is.
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I'm talking when you're trying to explain technical workflows to non-technical stakeholders, walking a client through changes they don't fully understand, or trying to pitch a complex idea to your team.
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And after 15 years of coaching communication to Fortune 500 companies and millions of people around the world, I see this one pattern constantly.
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The smartest, technically brilliant people, they tend to struggle the most when it comes to communicating things they know.
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And look, if that's you, it's not your fault.
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Because nobody ever taught you how to translate what's up here to come out of here.
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In a clear and concise, coherent way.
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So today I'm going to teach you how to do just that using what I call the clear filter.
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And I'll walk you through this in a second.
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But first let me explain why people feel the need to use complex language.
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When I was younger, I used to explain things in a really, really complex way.
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And it wasn't because I didn't understand the topic.
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It was because I wanted to appear smart.
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And by making it sound complicated, I felt smart and that made me feel good.
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For example, I used to talk about tax with my friends.
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I was studying accounting at the time.
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Yes, I was fulfilling the Asian prophecy.
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And my friends were studying pharmacy and medicine, also fulfilling the Asian prophecy.
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And they didn't know much about tax.
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And because I felt less smart than them, when I showed them how to do their tax returns, I deliberately used big words and acronyms to sound clever.
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I'd say something like this.
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Based on your accessible income and carried forward deductions,
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we'll maximize your concessional contributions and apply the available offsets to minimize your taxable income.
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Which is just a complicated way of saying, you earn this much and you can claim a few things, so we'll set it up so that you don't pay more tax than you need to.
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But I didn't say it like that.
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I said the unnecessarily complicated version.
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And I felt great saying it like that, because I knew none of my doctor friends would get it.
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and it made me feel better than them
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and we'd end up in this weird situation where i was over complicating everything to feel more important
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and confident and they were pretending to follow along
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because they didn't want to seem stupid two people having a conversation that's a complete bloody waste of time
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and if you do what i do because you lack confidence
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or if you just speak in a complicated way
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because you don't know any better then let me tell you
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what it's going to cost you people won't understand you which then causes them to disengage but most professionals You know what?
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They're really good at pretending they're still engaged.
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When in actual reality, they've already mentally checked out thinking about the movie Obsession and how bloody brilliant it is.
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Great movie, Curry Barker.
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Well done, mate.
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No, no, no, don't do that!
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And if you don't fix this problem, over time, people start avoiding interactions with you.
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Because they see you as somebody who's confusing, overly complicated, and way too technical to actually talk to.
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You'll be stuck in that technical role as the cog in the machine.
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Which brings us to the first part of the clear filter.
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The C stands for calibrate.
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Before you explain anything to anyone, you need to first know your audience.
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How much do they already know about the topic you're about to speak on?
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Most people skip this completely.
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If you assume they know everything you know, you'll speak at a level that loses them immediately.
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If you assume they know nothing, then you can come across like you're speaking down to them.
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So this first calibrating step involves asking qualifying questions to determine how much your audience already knows
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so you can meet them where they are.
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If for example, you're in a one-on-one situation with someone you might say something like this, before I go any further how familiar are you with this topic?
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However if you're preparing for a speaking event email the organizer ahead of time
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and ask on a scale of beginner to expert where would
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you say most of the audience sits with this topic I'm going to speak on?
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And if you're opening a group session impromptu and you had no time to prep then ask the group directly a question.
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Ask something like this, quick question before I start
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Raise your hand if you have had a year's worth of experience in this area.
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Okay.
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Raise your hands if you've had two years.
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Okay, now raise your hands if you had three years.
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And sometimes if you already know you're walking into a group of specialists, go deep, use the technical language, use the jargon, have the in-depth discussion.
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But you need to know where they're at first.
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One simple question asked up front tells you everything you need to know.
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Know your audience before you speak to your audience.
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The second part is link.
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Connect what they don't know to something they already know.
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You do this by using either an analogy, a metaphor, or a simile.
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I want to show you what this looks like from someone who's extraordinary at linking, Dr. Michelle Thaler.
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She spent her career at NASA, understands astrophysics at a level that would make most people's heads spin, but let me share with you a clip where she takes something really complicated
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and makes it easily digestible by using an analogy.
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The human brain is just as far away from perceiving the
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way the universe really is as a grasshopper is perceiving quantum mechanics.
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Isn't it wonderful what she just did?
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Even though you and I don't have a deep understanding of astrophysics like she does, we were still able to understand the concept she was sharing.
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Now imagine she didn't do that and imagine she read something like this to you.
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I mean, look at it.
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Can you even get past the second sentence?
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No, no, I mean, seriously, try to read it.
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Try.
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It's crazy, huh?
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No one could do it.
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Not me, not you, and no, don't you go pretending in the comment section that you knew exactly what that meant because none of us did.
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Learning how to link the unknown to the known is a powerful skill set.
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Now, let me give you my own example.
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I do a lot of corporate trainings with engineering teams, very technical teams.
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And when I'm pitching my two-day communication workshop to a tech company, instead of walking through the full curriculum and speaking in a complex way like this,
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on day one, we separate vocal image from visual image, and then we deconstruct a vocal image into five core concepts.
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First, we've got rate of speech, then we've got volume, tonality, pitch and melody, and then the strategic pausing, which combines all together into vocal archetypes that each trigger different listener responses.
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And then on day two, we formalize the narrative structure by breaking stories down into discrete incidents built around peak emotion, peak action, or the key lesson learned.
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And then we derive a single governing point so the story actually holds their attention.
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Yeah, that's how I used to do it, because I thought that would make me seem like an expert.
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And normally when I do this the clients look confused
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and I can literally see them disengage And then I end up not winning the business.
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Whereas what I do now is I use a simple metaphor
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music and then I link it to Communication
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which is something most people don't usually understand fully again the linking the known to the unknown
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That's the magic
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and this is what I say now on day one I'm
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going to teach your engineers how to play their instrument being their voice and their body language language.
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Then on day two, I'm going to teach them how to write great music.
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And that's how to structure their ideas so that they're clear and compelling.
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And if you want a more detailed breakdown of the two-day syllabus, I'll send you the PDF.
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That's it!
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Two full days of content in under 20 seconds!
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And every single time I watch the other person nod and then they say, Oh, then that's exactly what my engineers need.
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So learn how to use analogies, metaphors, and similes.
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Find the link between the known and the unknown and make it simple for people to understand.
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By the way, if you want to learn how to go deeper into frameworks like the Clear Filter
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that I'm walking you through right now, I put together a free two-hour training where I'll teach you the top three communication frameworks I use in professional
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and personal conversations to help you speak with more structure, clarity, and confidence.
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So you stop rambling and speak more coherently.
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Just click the link in the description or scan the QR code on screen to get access.
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It's completely free.
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Let's keep going.
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The next part of the filter, E, is for envision.
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Some ideas are too hard to just describe with words alone.
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And when you hit one of those, draw it.
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Literally.
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I mean draw a shape, a triangle, a circle, a rectangle, draw a simple diagram.
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And in this example with Envision, I'm going to be a little bit cheeky here.
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I'm going to combine Envision with the next part of the filter, which is A for abstraction.
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And abstraction is taking a complex idea and boiling it down to its simplest form.
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One of the questions that people ask me all the time is they say, Vin, how do you actually get good at public speaking when you're starting from zero?
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And if I was to answer that without envisioning and abstracting, it sounds something like this.
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First, you're unconsciously incompetent.
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Then on your journey, you move to the next point where you become consciously incompetent.
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Then most people get stuck there.
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However, if you continue the journey, then you move into conscious competence.
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And very few get to the final step where they reach unconscious competence, which is a state of mastery that, once again, most never get to.
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Oh, you see what the problem is?
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When you explain it like that, the listener's brain has to work harder to understand you and remember what you're talking about.
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But the moment you envision it by drawing it out as a contextual model and you abstract it by simplifying the language, watch what happens.
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So the question is, well, what does it look like when you're on the journey of improving your public speaking ability?
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Well, the first part of your journey, you start here.
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Unconscious incompetence.
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Here you simply don't know what you don't know.
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And that's okay.
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everybody starts there we all start by not knowing anything about anything
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but then when you watch a video like this
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and you subscribe to a YouTube channel about public speaking then you begin the learning journey
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and you move to the second phase
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and you move to conscious incompetence in other words what this
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is is now you know now what you don't know for example you now know
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that in order get rid of the ums
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and the ahs you need to learn how to pause more
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and the reason you um and ah is simply
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because you're uncomfortable with silence that's all now you know how bad ums
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and ahs are you know how bad filler words are using like
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so do you know what i mean using them excessively you now understand destroys your clarity
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which then now moves us to the next stage of learning
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which is conscious competence and what this stage essentially means is that You're doing it, but you still have to think about it.
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Here, you know now to get rid of the ums and the ahs, you just replace it with a pause.
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So you're doing it already, but you still have to cognitively think about it
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because your brain is in overdrive trying to replace so many different types of behaviors.
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Which now moves us to the final stage of learning which is unconscious competence.
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This is where you reach a state of mastery.
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You no longer have to think about it because the behaviors become automatic.
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So if you go back to the pause example, originally when you're learning it in the conscious competence phase, that you're doing it but you still have to think about it,
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that pauses will still seem a little bit unnatural.
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But once you get to unconscious competence, now here the pauses are automatic and they come across completely natural.
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Wasn't that way easier to understand?
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And I know what you're thinking.
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Vin, by simplifying the language and dumbing it down for other people like this, doesn't it make you seem dumb?
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Well, let me ask you this.
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At any point in this video while you were learning with me, did you feel like I didn't know what I was talking about?
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Did I seem dumb?
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Or were you more engaged because you were able to follow along?
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Here's a trap that most experts fall into.
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Experts don't realize that there's a difference between being a great expert and actually being a great leader.
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Being a great expert means you personally have deep knowledge on a subject.
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Good for you.
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But if you want to be a great leader, you have to develop the skill of teaching because great leaders create other great leaders,
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and they do that by passing on what they know through the skill of teaching.
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And to be a great teacher, you need to be able to simplify your ideas, which makes the transfer of knowledge more effective.
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And that's the best part about great leaders.
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They grow other leaders.
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Whereas most of the time, a great expert who doesn't know how to become a great leader, they only grow themselves.
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Einstein famously said, if you can't explain it to a dog, then you don't understand it.
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Wait, wait, wait, sorry Peter, was that the right quote?
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No. No. No. No. No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no. We were having a nice day.
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Actually then, what the quote actually is, if you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't understand it well enough.
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That's the quote silly billy.
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That's what it was.
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Nice work, Peter.
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And to the last part of the filter, R stands for repeat.
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This one's simple, but never skip it at the end of your explanation close
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the loop come back to the shape of your idea one more time let me show you what I mean
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and right there my friends is the clear framework first you've
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got C for calibrate here's where you need to know your
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audience before you even start ask the qualifying questions then you've
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got L for link connect the unknown to something they already understand by using an analogy a metaphor
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or a simile then you've got envision here's where you draw it make it visible, use contextual models.
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Then you've got abstraction, this is where you distill the message to its simplest form.
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And then R, repeat what I've literally just done to you in this segment of the video.
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Being able to simplify something is one of the most important traits of a great communicator and therefore a great leader.
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It means you understand what you know so deeply that you can translate it for anyone.
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So pick one complex idea this week that you need to explain to someone
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and run it through the clear filter and watch what happens.
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And if you want to keep building on what you've been learning today, click on the link in the description for my free two-hour training to learn more about communication frameworks
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or just scan the QR code to access it right there.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How to Explain Anything To Anyone ». Cette vidéo contient 202 phrases et 2719 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 13:31. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 201 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| envision verbe | /ɪnˈvɪʒn̩/ | envisager |
| competence nom | /ˈkɑm.pə.təns/ | compétence |
| pause nom | /pɔːz/ | pause |
| simplify verbe | /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ | simplifier |
| analogy nom | /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/ | analogie |
| metaphor nom | /ˈmɛt.ə.fɚ/ | métaphore |
| unconscious adjectif | /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/ | inconscient |
| conscious adjectif | /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/ | conscient |
| abstraction nom | /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/ | abstraction |
| calibrate verbe | /ˈkæl.ɪ.bɹeɪ̯t/ | étalonner, calibrer |
| simile nom | /ˈsɪməli/ | comparaison |
| vocal adjectif | /ˈvoʊ̯.kəl/ | vocal |
| astrophysics nom | /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/ | astrophysique |
| contextual adjectif | contextuel | |
| disengage verbe | /ˌdɪsɪŋˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ | désengager |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| come across verbe | avoir l'air de |
| check out verbe | mater, regarder |
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir |
| put together verbe | assembler |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- I'd say something like this.
- Raise your hands if you've had two years.
- Isn't it wonderful what she just did?
- Can you even get past the second sentence?
- Here you simply don't know what you don't know.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| « Used to » used to + verbe — une habitude ou un état passé qui n’est plus vrai | used to talk · used to do |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | they've already mentally checked · have had · you've had |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | filter, which is · competence, which is · learning which is |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 79 contractions et formes réduites, comme you're, don't, I'm. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: envision /ɪnˈvɪʒn̩/, unconscious /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/, abstraction /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/, deduction /dɪˈdʌkʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/, incompetence /ɪnˈkɒm.pə.təns/, incompetent /ɪnˈkɒmpətənt/, cognitively /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv.li/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: grasshopper /ˈɡɹæsˌhɑpəɹ/, stakeholder /ˈsteɪkˌhəʊl.də/, coherent /koʊˈhɛɹ.ənt/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, disengage /ˌdɪsɪŋˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/, digestible /daɪˈdʒɛstəbəɫ/, jargon /ˈdʒɑː.ɡən/, cheeky /ˈt͡ʃiːki/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: abstraction /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/, calibrate /ˈkæl.ɪ.bɹeɪ̯t/, astrophysics /ˌæs.tɹoʊˈfɪz.ɪks/, prophecy /ˈpɹɑfɪsi/, clarity /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.ti/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme envision, competence, pause.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.