Shadowing Practice: Your Time Machine Broke - At The Worst Time In History - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
158 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Your time machine broke.
2
And you're stuck in the worst time in history.
3
It feels like you stepped into an oven.
4
There are no plants or any vegetation and almost no moisture in the air.
5
The sunlight smashing down from the cloudless
6
and weirdly colored sky is reflected by an endless sea of red
7
and orange sand dunes stretching over the horizon for thousands of kilometers.
8
Dust devils the size of buildings dance over the hellish landscape.
9
You're in the early Triassic, Hothouse Earth 250 million years ago, a few million years after the worst mass extinction in history.
10
The planet is still suffering from a permanent fever.
11
Volcanism and the runaway greenhouse effect has transformed the planet into hell.
12
There's three to five times more CO2 in the air than in the human era.
13
The formation of the massive supercontinent Pangaea led to the largest desert in history that barely sees any rain.
14
The gigantic ocean is warm even deep below.
15
Two superheated currents circulate around the globe, pumping extreme amounts of heat and moisture into the atmosphere.
16
There's no ice, even at the ponds.
17
Seems like you're stuck in the center of the desert, isolated by endless ancient landmasses.
18
one of the most hostile environments Earth has ever produced.
19
The deserts we know are still full of life, but not this one.
20
Its core is starved of moisture and the air is bone dry.
21
Your skin dries out immediately and your lips begin to crack.
22
The CO2 rich air is easily 50 degrees Celsius and sears your lungs with every labored breath.
23
The rubber soles of your boots begin to melt.
24
If you touch the ground, you'll get burns.
25
Your sweat evaporates before it could cool you, and your exposed skin begins to crack within minutes.
26
Suddenly, it becomes even hotter as a red sandstorm envelops the landscape.
27
Like thousands of tiny sparks, burning hot sand hits your skin.
28
You're pressing your machine's buttons at random.
29
It can't do time travel, but it can still move.
30
You shoot over some of the mightiest mountains Earth has ever seen.
31
Eventually, you stop at the shores of the Tethys Sea.
32
The vast shallow ocean looks more like a swamp among scattered groups of waist-high ferns and spindly stems with tufted foliage.
33
A few Lystrosaurus feeding on them eye you curiously.
34
The water is murky and looks sickly and milky.
35
Colorful mats of bacteria float on the surface like oil slicks.
36
The air is hot and humid like a steam room.
37
It's hard to breathe and your sweat can't evaporate and cool you.
38
Even the water can't give you any relief.
39
It's as hot as a freshly run bathtub.
40
This hot ocean can't hold much oxygen, especially in deeper layers.
41
Bacteria and bivalves are the only species that thrive here.
42
The waves move almost sluggishly through this thick bacterial soup.
43
When they break, they leave behind a glistening iridescent film.
44
Each wave that hits the shore releases a mist that makes your eyes and throat burn,
45
carrying the rotten egg stench of hydrogen sulfide up from the oxygen-starved depths.
46
Barely conscious from the heat and smell and CO2, you look at the horizon.
47
A storm is building unlike any you've ever seen.
48
The hot ocean feeds it endless energy, and with no continents to slow it down, it will dwarf the fiercest hurricanes of your time.
49
You're doomed.
50
Your broken time machine jolts and screeches.
51
Something's happening.
52
You're near the equator, in the Lake Carboniferous, 320 million years ago.
53
The atmosphere is thick with moisture.
54
The climate is locked in a never-ending wet super-summer without any other seasons.
55
Colliding continents are covered by the largest swamps the planet will ever see.
56
A paradise for plants, growing faster than their dead biomass can decompose.
57
The ground beneath is a warm, soggy mass of decaying vegetation.
58
What will be an endless desert in 70 million years is now an endless alien jungle.
59
A huge variety of life is thriving in this period.
60
From your perspective, this is not that great.
61
You're lost in a maze of giant tree-like plants towering over a twisted undergrowth of giant ferns
62
and endless varieties of bizarre and unfamiliar vegetation.
63
The thick, humid air smells of sweet decay, but breathing makes you dizzy.
64
Your vision seems too sharp, your thoughts slightly frantic.
65
The dense plant cover has supercharged the atmosphere with oxygen, 60% higher than in the human era, and your body is trying to cope.
66
Which is great for the dominant land animals which have conquered every niche of this majestic garden.
67
Bugs.
68
You're stuck in the golden age of arthropods.
69
In this oxygen-rich world, they have evolved to sizes that will never be possible again.
70
They are innumerable and everywhere.
71
Armoured cat-sized Megaragni crash through the undergrowth, hunting a swarm of panicked rochoids that scatter in all directions.
72
Above you, the griffonfly with wings spanning nearly a meter and beating like helicopter blades catches the Paleodictyoptera mid-flight.
73
You stumble through the bushes filled with countless crawling creatures as
74
an arthurclure at the length of a car picks its way through the ferns, moving countless legs in hypnotic waves.
75
You reach a swampy clearing and stumble into the shallow water, dizzy and terrified as a polmon scorpius rips apart its prey,
76
eyeing you with some interest.
77
Here in the clearing, you can see the sky above the canopy glow shrieking red, intensifying at an alarming pace.
78
The extreme humidity here creates sudden, violent thunderstorms, and the oxygen-rich atmosphere makes everything dangerously flammable.
79
Even the wet vegetation can burst into explosive flame with the slightest spark.
80
Why do all of your trips end in a storm?
81
Well, at least it will take all the creatures that want to eat you with it.
82
Your broken time machine jolts back to life.
83
The world is folding in on itself.
84
You've woken up in the early Devonian, 400 million years ago.
85
Most of the planet is covered in shallow seas, while the land is mostly rocky plains and mountains broken by braided rivers and mudflats.
86
Earth is in a state of transition.
87
For about 100 million years, life has begun to break down rocks into soil, a soft layer that enables plants to grow and life thrive.
88
The ozone layer is slowly building up, fed by organisms releasing gases.
89
Recently, this process has been speeding up, the land is turning from toxic to semi-habitable.
90
The sky looks wrong somehow.
91
The sun blazes harsh and white, barely filtered by the unfamiliar atmosphere.
92
The air feels thin with only 15% oxygen compared to today's 21.
93
Each breath feels shallow and unsatisfying.
94
You're on the verge of passing out and can only move slowly.
95
At least it's currently moderately warm and not stormy.
96
But it's what dominates these lands that makes this world truly alien.
97
Reaching up to 8 meters into the sky are massive obelisks of fungal prototaxites.
98
As you walk closer, you notice spores catching the sunlight drifting through the air like tiny stars.
99
Your movement disturbs more of them, creating clouds suspended in the thin atmosphere.
100
They coat your skin with a fine, powdery, itchy film.
101
You try not to think about how many you're inhaling with every breath in this oxygen-poor air.
102
The ground feels nothing like soil.
103
It's mostly rock, partly covered by a thin, slightly springy layer of decomposing matter.
104
Some shallow water pools reflect the pale alien sky above.
105
Between the fungal towers, there's a carpet of smaller fungi and a few alien-like primitive plants.
106
No flowers, no leaves, just strange green stalks and fern-like structures that reach your ankles.
107
Around you the fungal towers rise like pale pillars.
108
Their surface is neither smooth nor rough, but something in between.
109
They're neither wet nor dry, slightly yielding under your touch.
110
Small patches of what might be lichen create splashes of muted greens and yellows on their surfaces.
111
The only animals you can spot are a few insects burrowing into the large mushrooms.
112
Everything is eerily quiet.
113
You sit down on a rock.
114
Is this it?
115
As the night approaches, the pale sky shifts into sickly purples and greys, bleeding into the darkness.
116
No animal sounds announce the coming night, just the solemn whisper of the prototaxites creaking in the wind.
117
Through the thin atmosphere, the stars and the Milky Way illuminate the scenery with unsettling clarity.
118
The fungal towers loom as pale shapes against the starlit sky, their silhouette seeming even more wrong in the darkness.
119
You are utterly alone, a time traveler lost in an alien world.
120
Your time machine sputters.
121
What now? to start rebuilding civilization.
122
And while a hammer and saw would come in handy, the single most important tool you'll need is your mind.
123
Enter our friends at Brilliant, who can transform your mind into a Swiss army knife capable of tackling all kinds of problems.
124
Brilliant helps you get smarter every day with thousands of bite-size interactive lessons on anything you might be curious about.
125
Level up your skills in maths and logic with hands-on visual challenges that feel like a game.
126
Learn to think like a scientist exploring the physics of everything from a game of pool to black holes.
127
And plug into the big ideas powering technology as you build real skills in programming, AI, data analysis and more.
128
Brilliant has a huge library of lessons to explore with new lessons added each month.
129
In each one you learn through discovery by trying things yourself.
130
In just minutes a day, you'll become a better thinker and problem solver, with all the tools you need to transform the world for the better.
131
To explore everything Brilliant has to offer for free for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org slash nutshell or click on the link in the description.
132
You'll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
133
Welcome to the Kurzgesagt Lab.
134
Let's conduct a few stellar experiments.
135
We'll first add some more mass to this protostar.
136
More.
137
A bit more.
138
Wow, we've just created a blue giant.
139
A star with 10 times the mass of our Sun.
140
Let's now add a couple of million years and see what happens.
141
A supernova.
142
Breathtaking.
143
And look, it leaves behind a black hole.
144
Fascinating stuff.
145
Now we record our findings.
146
Be careful to preserve the sparkle.
147
It's now time for Duck's final inspection.
148
This one is always a nail biter.
149
He has incredibly high standards.
150
Luckily for us, our work is scientifically accurate, offers an overview of important astrophysical processes and is a real stunner.
151
Duck approves.
152
Looks like it's ready to be shared with the world as a poster.
153
A very special piece of kurzgesagt you can take home and touch.
154
You can get this very special poster along with many other sciencey
155
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156
Every Kurzgesagt product you buy directly funds another moment we get to spend working on our videos.
157
Thank you so much for being a part of our story and for making this channel possible.
158
Thank you.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה C1 מבוסס על הסרטון “Your Time Machine Broke - At The Worst Time In History”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: oxygen, atmosphere, sky. בסרטון הזה יש 158 משפטים ו-1851 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 12:52. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-144 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. רק 73% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| vegetation שם עצם | /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/ | צוֹמֵחַ |
| moisture שם עצם | /ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃɚ/ | לַחוּת |
| pale שם תואר | /peɪl/ | חיוור |
| fern שם עצם | /fɜːn/ | שָׂרָךְ |
| transform פועל | /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ | לשנות |
| bacterium שם עצם | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | חַיְדַּק \ חידק |
| dizzy שם תואר | /ˈdɪzi/ | מסוחרר, מסוחררת |
| humid שם תואר | /ˈhjuːmɪd/ | לַח |
| starve פועל | /stɑɹv/ | גָּוַע |
| thrive פועל | /θɹajv/ | שִֹגְשֵֹג |
| countless שם תואר | /ˈkaʊntləs/ | אין ספור, אינספור |
| horizon שם עצם | /həˈɹaɪ.zən/ | אופק \ אֹפֶק |
| continent שם עצם | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | יַבֶּשֶׁת |
| organism שם עצם | /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ | אוֹרְגָּנִיזְם, יְצוּר |
| suspend פועל | /səsˈpɛnd/ | השעה |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- If you touch the ground, you'll get burns.
- You're pressing your machine's buttons at random.
- Even the water can't give you any relief.
- A storm is building unlike any you've ever seen.
- You're stuck in the golden age of arthropods.
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | has transformed · has ever produced · has ever seen |
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | is reflected · is starved · is locked |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-23 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו you're, can't, you'll. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: undergrowth /ˈʌndɚˌɡɹoʊθ/, thrive /θɹajv/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, humidity /hjuːˈmɪd.ə.ti/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: swamp /ˈswɑmp/, waist /weɪst/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/, bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, scatter /ˈskætɚ/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/, bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, undergrowth /ˈʌndɚˌɡɹoʊθ/, starve /stɑɹv/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו vegetation, moisture, pale.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.