Pratica di Shadowing: Elements | Middle school chemistry | Khan Academy - Impara a parlare inglese con i video

Creazione lezione...
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Think about all the thousands of books and poems and articles and dictionaries and encyclopedias and textbooks and so much more.
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All those English writings are fundamentally made of what?
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26 letters.
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And yeah, some spaces, but that's it.
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These 26 letters forms the building block of almost every single thing, all the uncountable words and sentences that you can make.
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Now, guess what?
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Turns out, our nature is similar.
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Almost everything that you can touch and taste and smell
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and feel around you from the germs to microbes to stuff like cats
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and dogs to oceans and mountains and even planets and stars.
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Turns out, All of these are also made from just a few building blocks, about a hundred of them.
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Each square over here represents a building block, and we'll talk a little bit about how we arrange them and stuff.
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But these building blocks are called the elements.
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And that's what we're going to talk about in this video.
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So let's do that.
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First of all, these elements, the building blocks, are also called pure substances.
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And like I said earlier, they make up almost all the matter around us.
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hydrogen and oxygen and consider any living being like yourself then you are mostly made of six Elements.
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Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Calcium, and Phosphorus.
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I mean, there are other elements, but these mostly make it up.
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And just to give you another example, if you consider any rock, then they're mostly made of five elements: Silicon,
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Oxygen, Aluminium, Magnesium, and Iron.
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Don't worry about remembering the names of these elements for now.
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What's important, and I keep repeating because it's so important, is that almost all the matter in the universe is made from these elements.
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So to study matter, we need to study these elements.
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So let's do that.
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We arrange these elements in this particular form and we call this the periodic table.
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It might seem daunting at first, but let's look at it, okay?
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So first of all, you can see that each element gets a square and a number.
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So, element number one is hydrogen.
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Element number two is over here, helium.
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Element number three is lithium.
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Element number four is beryllium and so on and so forth.
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What we want to notice over here is that each element has a symbol, kind of an abbreviation.
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Now for some elements, that's basically the first letter of the word, H for hydrogen.
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B for boron, C for carbon, N for nitrogen, and so on and so forth.
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And notice we always use capital letters.
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But what about other elements which start with the same letter?
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For example, helium.
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How do we ensure we don't confuse it with hydrogen?
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Well, we use first two letters, so HE.
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Similarly, for calcium, to make sure we don't confuse it with carbon, we use the first two letters, CA, and so on and so forth.
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But what's important again over here is to notice how we write that.
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the first letter is capital over here, the second letter is small.
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So we'll never write helium this way, where both are capital, and we'll never write it this way, where both are small.
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We'll always write it as first letter capital, second letter small, and that's always the case.
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Alright, these make sense, but what about sodium?
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Sodium is Na, what's going on over here?
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And then there's more such stuff.
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So for example, gold is Au.
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Tungsten, which is used in the filament of our bulbs, is W.
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And lead is PB, what's going on over here?
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Well, humanity has known about these elements for a long time now.
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And some of these symbols are taken from the old names from different languages like Greek, Latin, Arabic, German, and so on.
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Na stands for natrium, a Latin word for sodium.
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AU comes from Aurum.
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PB comes from Plumbum, the Latin word for lead.
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Fun fact, earlier pipes in the Roman Empire were made from lead
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and therefore people who used to fix those pipes were called Plumbers and the name is stuck today.
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And W comes from the German Wolfram.
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Now again, you might be thinking, "Oh my god, how am I supposed to remember all of this?" Don't worry, we don't have to do that.
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As we start talking about some of the common elements over and over again, we'll start So, in summary, all the matter that you see,
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almost everything in the universe is made of a few, about a hundred elements, which we also call the pure substances.
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They're arranged this way in what we call the periodic table.
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And just like how learning the English language is basically figuring
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out how we can combine these different letters to form very interesting words and sentences,
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the trick to learning about matter is learning how we can combine these different elements to form interesting new things.
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before?
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Well, imagine we had a hundred different kinds of Legos with us.
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Then by combining them in different combinations, you can build up almost anything you want.
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And now you can imagine some of these Lego structures are like mountains and others are like cats.
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And we can build whatever we want.
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We can let our imagination lose over here, which is pretty awesome.
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But if you break them all down into their basic pieces, you get back your elements.
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Informazioni su questa lezione

In questa lezione, esploreremo il concetto di elementi chimici e il loro ruolo fondamentale nella composizione della materia. Imparerai che, proprio come le parole in inglese sono formate da 26 lettere, anche la materia nel nostro mondo è composta da un numero limitato di elementi. Analizzeremo i sei elementi principali che costituiscono la maggior parte degli esseri viventi e i cinque elementi predominanti nei minerali. Prepareremo anche una breve panoramica sulla tavola periodica degli elementi, evidenziando come ogni elemento abbia un simbolo unico e una corretta notazione che dovresti sapere.

Vocabolario e frasi chiave

  • Elementi - I mattoni fondamentali della materia.
  • Tavola periodica - La disposizione degli elementi in base a proprietà chimiche.
  • Ossigeno - Uno dei principali elementi presenti nel corpo umano.
  • Carbonio - Essenziale per la vita e composto da tutti gli organismi organici.
  • Simbolo chimico - L'abbreviazione utilizzata per rappresentare un elemento.
  • Sodio - Elemento rappresentato con il simbolo Na.
  • Orto - Alcuni elementi, come l'oro, hanno simboli non intuitivi.
  • Materia - Tutto ciò che occupa spazio e ha massa.

Consigli per la pratica

Per migliorare le tue competenze linguistiche mentre impari l'inglese con YouTube, prova a ripetere le frasi ascoltate nel video. Sfrutta la tecnica del shadow speech: ascolta attentamente e poi cerca di imitare il parlato dell'istruttore mantenendo la stessa intonazione e ritmo. Questo approccio ti aiuterà non solo con la pronuncia, ma anche con la costruzione delle frasi e il lessico specifico. Fai attenzione alla pronuncia delle sigle e dei simboli chimici; pratica ripetendo frasi come “H per idrogeno” e “He per elio”. Utilizzando il metodo shadowspeaks, rendi la tua pratica divertente ed efficace, integrando gli elementi di questo argomento nella tua conversazione quotidiana in inglese. Ricorda di accogliere l’errore come parte del processo di apprendimento e di continuare a esercitarti costantemente per migliorare. Buona pratica con il tuo shadow speak!

La grammatica di questo video

Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:

StrutturaNel video
Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo faare also made · are called · are also called
Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosaTungsten, which is · people who used · here, which is
Possibilità con “might / may” might/may + verbo — qualcosa di possibile ma non certomight seem · might be
Verbo + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — i verbi seguiti dalla forma in -ingkeep repeating · start talking

Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?

Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.

Tecnica dello shadowing: leggi la guida completa passo dopo passo →