Pratica di Shadowing: Is the internet good or bad? | 6 Minute English. - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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This is a download from BBC Learning English.
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To find out more, visit our website.
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Hello, welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I'm Rob.
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And I'm Neil.
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Now Neil, can you remember the first time you ever used the World Wide Web, or as we often call it, the internet?
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And what you used it for?
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Oh, that's a good question.
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I do remember.
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and, well, nothing really changes, does it?
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Because I looked up pictures of cats.
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Cats.
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Very useful.
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Anyway, do you think the internet has generally been positive or negative for the world?
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Wow.
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Now that is a big question.
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A huge question.
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I don't know if I can answer that.
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Well, one person who perhaps can answer it is the man who invented it, British computer scientist Tim Berners -Lee.
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We'll find out what he thinks has become of his child shortly.
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But before that, a question for you all.
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When did Berners -Lee first suggest the idea for what would become the World Wide Web?
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Was it a.
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1985, b.
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1989 or c.
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1991?
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Tricky, but I think it's earlier than people think, so I'm going to go for 1985.
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Well, that was a long time ago, but we'll reveal the answer a little later in the programme.
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I think it's true to say that the internet has been one of, if not the most important, technological developments, perhaps, of all time.
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Would you agree, Neil?
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Well, it's hard to imagine living without it.
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Not impossible, but not nearly as convenient.
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These days, we take the internet for granted.
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We share our lives on social media and not just with friends and family.
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And that isn't always a positive thing, according to the father of the internet, Tim Berners -Lee.
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In a recent BBC Tech Tent programme, he talked about his concerns with the internet and particularly the companies that control its information,
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companies which he calls internet giants.
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What does he say he thought these companies had to do?
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Initially, I felt the main thing that an internet giant had to do was just to be neutral, just be a platform.
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And humanity, once connected by technology, will do wonderful things.
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And clearly it doesn't work like that.
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If you connect humanity via Wikipedia, then they do produce, in general, wonderful things.
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If you connect people by a social network where they have anonymity, then it can bring out the very nastiest of people.
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So, what did he say he thought these internet giants had to do?
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He said that he thought initially that they just had to be neutral.
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Initially means at first, in the beginning, and it also suggests that later he changed his mind.
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Anyway, he said that he thought they just had to be neutral.
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Neutral here means that they didn't need to do anything.
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They didn't need to control the internet or information.
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He thought it would be a tool to connect people and ideas and information and it would be wonderful.
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But it's not all good, is it?
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No. He does say that giving people access to sources of information is generally a good thing, but that when it comes to social networks,
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social media, people have anonymity.
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Anonymity.
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Yes.
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It means that on the internet, people can hide their true identity or personality.
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Some people write things that they would never say to someone in person because they think there will be no consequences.
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Berners -Lee says anonymity can bring out the nastiest side of people, people saying horrible and terrible things to each other.
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Berners -Lee does have some suggestions for how this could be changed and it's based on the idea of likes and shares, which he calls kudos.
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What's his suggestion?
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The different social networks, the different platforms are in different situations.
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In some cases, they have acknowledged that there's an issue.
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I think they realise that the issue could perhaps be hugely ameliorated by tweaking the way the thing works,
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by changing the way retweets or propagate it, or changing the way people get kudos – give them all kudos for being constructive, for example.
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So how does he think companies could address the problem?
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Well, he says that some of the social networks have agreed
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that there is a problem and they know what could improve it.
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He didn't use the word improve though, did he?
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No, he actually used the rather formal verb ameliorate, which means to improve or make something better.
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So how does he suggest the problem could be ameliorated?
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By tweaking the way in which people give or receive kudos.
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Tweaking means making a small change to the way something works.
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Much of what happens on the internet is driven by our desire to get likes and shares.
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This is the kudos that Berners -Lee talks about.
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He feels that tweaking this could lead to a better experience.
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For example, getting more kudos for constructive or positive actions.
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Interesting.
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But I wonder who would decide if something is constructive?
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Well, that's another big question.
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For another day, I guess.
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For now, though, let's have the answer to our small question.
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In what year did Berners -Lee present the idea for what would become the World Wide Web?
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The options were a.
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1985, b.
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1989 or c.
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1991. It was, in fact, 1989.
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Now, before we go, let's have a quick recap of today's vocabulary.
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Initially means at first, in the beginning.
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And then we had neutral.
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In this case, it meant not controlling or not taking any action to control.
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Then there was the noun anonymity, which is the state of having a hidden identity or personality.
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Next, to ameliorate a situation is to make it better.
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To tweak something is to make a small change to the way something works.
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And then we have, of course, kudos.
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Kudos is praise and appreciation for something you've done.
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Well, kudos to you, Rob, for today's programme.
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Thank you very much.
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Well, thank you, Neil, and thank you everyone for listening.
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That's all we have time for today but you can find us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube and of course our website bbclearningenglish .com.
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Bye for now.
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Thanks for joining us and goodbye.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Is the internet good or bad?”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: internet, kudos, Berners, Lee, anonymity. Questo video contiene 100 frasi e 1034 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 6:11. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 167 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 87% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire. 15 delle sue 100 frasi sono domande: un buon esercizio per l’intonazione interrogativa e le risposte brevi.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| neutral aggettivo | /ˈnuː.tɹəl/ | neutrale |
| connect verbo | /kəˈnɛkt/ | connettere, connettersi |
| constructive aggettivo | /kənˈstɹʌktɪv/ | costruttivo |
| humanity sostantivo | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | umanità |
| suggestion sostantivo | /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ | suggestione, suggerimento |
| nasty aggettivo | /ˈnæs.ti/ | sporco, sozzo |
| shortly avverbio | /ˈʃɔɹtli/ | subito |
| formal aggettivo | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | formale |
| horrible aggettivo | /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ | orribile, terribile |
| reveal verbo | /ɹɪˈviːl/ | rivelare, gettare la maschera |
| praise verbo | /pɹeɪz/ | lodare, elogiare |
| goodbye | /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ | arrivederci, addio |
| scientist sostantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | scienziato, scienziata |
| acknowledge verbo | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | riconoscere, ammettere |
| convenient aggettivo | /kənˈviː.niənt/ | conveniente, comodo |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | scoprire |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- I don't know if I can answer that.
- He didn't use the word improve though, did he?
- Kudos is praise and appreciation for something you've done.
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | has become · has been · have acknowledged |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | could be changed · could be ameliorated · is driven |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | person who perhaps · ameliorate, which means · anonymity, which is |
| Superlativi the -est / the most … — il massimo o il minimo di un gruppo | the most important · the nastiest |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 12 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come didn't, I'm, we'll. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/, shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, technological /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, anonymity /ænəˈnɪmɪti/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, horrible /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/, hugely /ˈhjuːd͡ʒli/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: connect /kəˈnɛkt/, constructive /kənˈstɹʌktɪv/, praise /pɹeɪz/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, acknowledge /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, nasty /ˈnæs.ti/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, anonymity /ænəˈnɪmɪti/, recap /ɹiːˈkæp/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come neutral, connect, constructive.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.